- •Introduction передмова
- •Chapter I aids to navigation unit 1. Navigational instruments
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Charts and drafting instruments
- •Compasses
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Translate the following word combinations into English:
- •Read the following text, fill in the blanks with necessary letters, and then translate it:
- •Decide which form of the verb is correct and choose the necessary form of the verb, read and translate the text:
- •Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 2 a brief guide to marine navigational charts
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Compass rose ['kAmpqs ˏrqVz] – зображення картушкі компаса на карті, компасна троянда
- •To take bearing ['be(q)rIn] – брати пеленг
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •How is a chart made?
- •Types of charts and some terminology
- •Map projection and bearings
- •Chart correction
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Translate the following word combinations into English:
- •Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Additional information. Read and translate the symbols and abbreviations used in Admiralty Charts.
- •Unit 3 description of lighthouses and lights
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations. Memorize the following charted abbreviation:
- •Equal ['I:kwql] – рівний
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Lighthouses
- •Study the table: Navigational Light Characteristics
- •Find in the text above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
- •Decipher the following abbreviations of lights, using the example.
- •Which word is the odd one out? Check the meaning of new words in your vocabulary?
- •Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 4 maritime buoyage system (part I)
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Find in the text the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
- •Give antonyms to:
- •Give synonyms to:
- •Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 5 maritime buoyage system (part II)
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read and translate the following text: Lateral marks
- •Cardinal marks
- •Isolated Danger marks
- •Safe Water marks
- •Special marks
- •Study the picture.
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Choose the option that does not belong to the group:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •3. To determine [dI'tE:mIn] – визначати, встановлювати
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Show your competence on the following positions:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Responsibility
- •Some definitions regarding colregs
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Translate the following word combinations:
- •Match the words and their definitions as given in the third rule of the colregs:
- •Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 7 lights, shapes and sound signals (part I)
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Show your competence on the following positions:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •General applications and definitions
- •Arc of visibility of basic navigation lights
- •Other examples of shapes and their disposition
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Find in the exercise above the English equivalents for the following words and expressions:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 8 lights, shapes and sound signals (part II)
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Show your competence on the following positions:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Fishing vessel engaged in fishing other than trawling
- •Fishing vessel engaged in trawling
- •Pilot vessels on duty
- •Anchored or grounded vessels over 50 m
- •Anchored or grounded vessels over 100 m
- •Warning signals from a vessel at anchor
- •Warning signals for vessels in sight of each other
- •Warning signals when in sight in a narrow channel or fairway
- •Signals to attract attention
- •Guess what vessel should exhibit such signals:
- •Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 9 conduct of vessels in any condition of visibility
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •How do you know if there is risk of collision?
- •Risk of collision
- •Action to avoid collision
- •Narrow channels
- •Traffic separation schemes (tss)
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Translate the following sentences into English:
- •Grammar. Rearrange the words below to make a correct sentence:
- •Grammar. Choose the correct word:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 10 conduct of vessels in sight of one another and in restricted visibility
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Overtaking
- •Head-on situation
- •Crossing situation
- •Action by “give-way” vessel
- •Action by “stand-on” vessel
- •Responsibilities between vessels
- •Conduct of vessels in restricted visibility
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Read about the responsibilities between vessels (Rule 18). Circle points which are different from the Rule 18:
- •Are the following statements true or false?
- •Fill in the gaps using prepositions given below:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Show your competence on the following points:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Verification and display of planned route
- •Deviation from planned route
- •Principles applying to watchkeeping generally
- •Watch arrangements
- •Are the following true or false? Correct the false sentences.
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •In the text find synonyms to these words and expressions:
- •Fill in the blanks in the sentences with the words from the text:
- •Choose the correct form of the verb:
- •Rearrange the words given below into meaningful sentences:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 12 taking over and handing over the watch
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
- •Show your competence on the following positions:
- •Read and translate the following text:
- •Performing a navigational watch
- •Are the following statements true or false? Correct the false statements.
- •Rearrange the words to make meaningful sentences:
- •Fill in the gaps in the sentences below with some of the words and expressions from the exercise above.
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Unit 13 watchkeeping
- •Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
- •Read and translate the following text: General duties
- •Duties of the officer of the watch (oow)
- •Calling the Master
- •Duties of the lookout
- •Duties of the helmsman
- •Study the following table:
- •Make-up word combinations and translate them:
- •Fill in the gaps choosing the necessary words:
- •Fill in the gaps using the following words: ship’s deck log, prepare himself, is ready to relieve the watch.
- •Fill in the gaps choosing the right form of the verb:
- •Self-assessment questions:
- •Used and recommended literature література:
- •Contents
- •Introduction 3
Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
tide – _____________________________
visibility – _________________________
heel – _____________________________
density – __________________________
to permit – _________________________
lookout – __________________________
attention – _________________________
to be aware – _______________________
influence – _________________________
in sight – __________________________
intended track – _____________________
current – ___________________________
vicinity – __________________________
trim – _____________________________
soundings – ________________________
to carry out – _______________________
pollution – _________________________
congested (confined) waters –
__________________________________
marine environment –
__________________________________
predicted tide – _____________________
Show your competence on the following positions:
What is meant while saying “keeping a good lookout”?
Why can’t radar be fully relied upon?
What factors hinder keeping an effective watch?
Read and translate the following text:
An officer in charge of a navigational watch shall not hand over the watch to a relieving officer if there is reason to believe that the latter is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, in which case the master shall be notified.
Prior to taking over the watch relieving officers shall satisfy themselves as to the ship’s estimated or true position and confirm its intended track, course and speed, and USM controls as appropriate and shall note any dangers to navigation expected to be encountered during their watch.
Relieving officers shall personally satisfy themselves regarding the:
Standing orders and other special instructions of the master relating to the navigation of the ship.
Position, course, speed and draught of the ship.
Prevailing and predicted tides, currents, weather, visibility and the effect of these factors upon course and speed.
Procedures for the use of main engines to manoeuvre when the main engines are on bridge control.
Navigational situation, including but not limited to:
the operational condition of all navigational and safety equipment being used or likely to be used during the watch;
the errors of gyro and magnetic compasses;
the presence and movement of ships in sight or known to be in the vicinity;
the conditions and hazards likely to be encountered during the watch;
the possible effects of heel, trim, water density and squat on underkeel clearance.
If at any time, an officer in charge of a navigational watch is to be relieved when a manoeuvre or other action to avoid any hazard is taking place, the relief of that officer shall be deferred until such action has been completed.
Performing a navigational watch
An officer in charge of a navigational watch shall:
Keep the watch on the bridge.
In no circumstances leave the bridge until properly relieved.
Continue to be responsible for the safe navigation of the ship, despite the presence of the master on the bridge, until informed specifically that the master has assumed that responsibility and this is mutually understood, and notify the master when in any doubt as to what action to take in the interest of safety.
During the watch the course steered, position and speed shall be checked at sufficiently frequent intervals, using any available navigational aids necessary, to ensure that the ship follows the planned course.
An OOW shall have full knowledge of location and operation of all safety and navigational equipment on board the ship and shall be aware and take account of the operating limitations of such equipment.
OOW shall know the handling characteristics of the ship, including its stopping distances, and should appreciate that other ships may have different handling characteristics.
A proper record shall be kept during a watch of the movements and activities relating to the navigation of the ship.
Operational tests of shipboard navigational equipment shall be carried out at sea as frequently as practicable and as circumstances permit, in particular before hazardous conditions affecting navigation are expected. Whenever appropriate, these tests shall be recorded. Such tests shall also be carried out prior to port arrival or departure.
OOW shall be thoroughly familiar with the use of all electronic navigational aids carried, including their capabilities and limitations, and shall use each of these aids when appropriate and shall bear in mind that the echo-sounder is available navigational aid.
An OOW show use the radar whenever restricted visibility is encountered or expected, and at all times in congested waters having due regard to its limitations.
An OOW shall notify the master immediately:
If restricted visibility is encountered or expected.
If the traffic conditions or the movements of other ships are causing concern.
If difficulty is experienced in maintaining course.
On failure to sight land, a navigation mark or to obtain soundings by the expected time.
If, unexpectedly land or a navigation mark is sighted or a change in soundings occurs.
On breakdown of the engines, propulsion machinery remote control, steering gear or any essential navigational equipment, alarm or indicator.
In the radio equipment malfunctions.
In heavy weather, if in any doubt about the possibility of weather damage.
If the ship meets any hazard to navigation, such as ice or a derelict.
In any other emergency or if in any doubt.
Despite the requirement to notify the master immediately in the foregoing circumstances an OOW shall in addition not hesitate to take immediate action for the safety of the ship, where circumstances so require.
An OOW shall give watchkeeping personnel all appropriate instructions and information which will ensure the keeping of a safe watch, including a proper look-out.
An OOW shall bear in mind the necessity to comply at all times with the requirements in force of the International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea, 1974.
The Master, officer and ratings shall be aware of the serious effects of operational or accidental pollution of the marine environment and shall take all possible precautions to prevent such pollution, particularly within the framework of the relevant international and port regulations.