7. Match the beginning of the sentences with their continuation:

   Before the voyage the master shall ensure … The charts to be used … Information regarding navigational publications and hazards … The planned route shall be … Amended route shall be planned … The Master is bound to ensure during the voyage … The main concern of OOW is … OOW keeps watch in compliance with … Foggy weather hinders … Study and knowledge of the weather is … If you are on watch …

   ___. … to avoid collision or stranding. ___. … continuously available to OOW. ___. … proper performance of the voyage. ___. … should be complete and up-to-date. ___. … a core subject for seafarers. ___. … you are responsible for the safety of everybody aboard. ___. … should be adequate and appropriate. ___. … prior to deviating. ___. … proper planning of the future voyage. ___. … International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea. ___. … safe navigation.

8. In the text find synonyms to these words and expressions:

modern –

relevant –

considerably –

dangers –

require –

changed –

to keep watch –

proper –

to influence –

to perform –

to provide –

check –

staff –

planned –

self-acting –

working –

to keep to smth. –

9. Fill in the blanks in the sentences with the words from the text:

1. Detailed advanced planning will allow all issues to be discussed and plan to be ____________.

2. Watchkeepers should always ____________ that a ____________ listening watch is maintained on the VHF radio.

3. ____________ an efficient watch in congested waters is not easy and ____________ efficient time and bridge resource management.

4. The master should keep the crew informed about the ____________ voyage and the expected weather ____________.

5. A lot of collisions have been successfully avoided by watchkeepers who strictly ____________ the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea.

6. The watchkeeper must always be alert to the possibility of running into ____________.

7. Problems or faults with the ____________ steering need not be disastrous provided they are discovered.

8. Radar performance can be ____________ by multipath propagation effects.

9. Sailors who go without sleep for more than 18 hours are almost unable ____________ routine tasks.

10. Choose the correct form of the verb:

1. Passage planning _______________ (to be; is) necessary to support the bridge team and _______________ (was ensured; ensure) that the ship can be _______________ (navigates; navigated) safely between ports from berth to berth.

2. The plan may need to be _______________ (to change; changed) during the voyage, for example, the destination port may not _______________ (has; have) been known or may _______________ (alters; alter).

3. The intended voyage should be _______________ (planned; to plan) using appropriate corrected charts and publications.

4. On paper charts only pencil should _______________ (can use; be used).

5. At any time during the voyage, the ship may need _______________ (to leave; left) the planned route temporarily.

6. Before planning can _______________ (commence; to commence), the charts, publications and other information _______________ (to be need; will need) to be gathered together and studied.

11. Rearrange the words given below into meaningful sentences:

1. Plays, performance, most, master’s, voyage, role, competence, successful, in, important, of the (3), an. - ____________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

2. Hazards, should, navigational, information, charts, complete, regarding, contain.–

____________________________________________________________________

3. Its, should, verified, prior, course, to, be, each, using. –

____________________________________________________________________

4. Master, arrangements, watch, maintaining, navigational, are, watchkeeping, ensured, a, safe, for, by. - ____________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

5. Factors, depends, watch, composition, a, on, navigational, many, of, the. –

____________________________________________________________________