Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
restricted – _________________________
entrance – _________________________
action – ___________________________
to reduce – _________________________
to prescribe – _______________________
proper – ___________________________
crossing – _________________________
conditions – ________________________
sufficient – _________________________
to consider – _______________________
to leave – __________________________
depending on – _____________________
foghorn – __________________________
less – _____________________________
angle – ____________________________
passage – __________________________
intention – _________________________
way – _____________________________
state – ____________________________
passage – __________________________
measures – _________________________
insufficient – _______________________
to determine – ______________________
to carry out – _______________________
circumstances – _____________________
sailing vessel – _____________________
Read and translate the following text:
The learning objective of this lesson is to make the student aware that: all vessels must keep a proper lookout, depending on the circumstances and conditions that determine the situation and the risk of collision.
Rule 5 covers lookouts, a commonsense precaution that is often neglected – basically, this is “keeping an eye out for other ships and dangers”. The lookout(s) must be able to hear as well as see other ships and dangers. “Hear” includes listening to their foghorn, by which ships alert each other of their intentions at sea, using basic morse code in a manner also prescribed by the Colregs. Note that a lookout is required at all times, even at anchor.
Every vessel shall at all times cruise at a safe speed. This can vary depending on circumstances. When setting the speed, the following must be considered:
State of visibility
Traffic density
The state of wind, sea and current
The draught of the vessel
The manoeuvrability of the vessel
How do you know if there is risk of collision?
T
here
are many ways to determine this, including automatic ones like the
Radar (ARPA or Automated
Radar Plotting Aids)
which tell you how close a ship will pass to you or, indeed, collide
with
you provided none of you makes any changes to course and speed and
after how long, besides other information.
The easiest way to take compass bearings of the other vessel. If there is no appreciable change over time (say, six minutes), then a risk of collision exists and action must be taken by the give way vessel.
Risk of collision
Every vessel must use all available means to determine if there is a risk of collision, this also includes radar.
This must be done in advance and assumptions shall not be made based on insufficient information.
A risk of collision should be considered if the bearing to the other vessel is not changing.
If the other vessel is close, and of a large size, the risk of collision may still be present, although the bearing is changing.