Self-assessment questions:
What are buoys?
What are buoys and beacons used for? What do they mark?
Why is the buoyage system necessary?
What systems is the buoyage system divided into?
What are buoys in the Lateral system used to indicate?
What are buoys in the Cardinal system used to indicate?
What is the difference between the buoys of IALA-A and IALA-B systems?
What do you know about the shapes and colours of buoys and beacons?
How are buoys and beacons painted?
What topmarks do you know?
What colour light are special buoys fitted with?
Unit 5 maritime buoyage system (part II)
Vocabulary. Study the following words and word combinations:
edge [eG] – межа, край
to pass [pQ:s] – проходити
above [q'bAv] – вище
below [bI'lqV] – нижче
opposite ['PpqzIt] – протилежний
to mean [mi:n] – позначати, мати на увазі, означати
to be fitted with – бути обладнаним чимось
attention [q'tenS(q)n] – увага
bend [bend] – вигин, згин (річки)
junction ['GANkS(q)n] – злиття річок
point [pOInt] – вершина
uninterrupted [ˏAnIntq'rAptId] – безперервний
submerged [sqb'mE:Gd] – занурений у воду, підводний
vicinity [vI'sInItI] – поблизу, біля
to keep clear of – триматися на відстані від
sufficient [sq'fIS(q)nt] – достатній
landfall buoy – буй, що позначає підхід до гавані
sphere [sfIq] – сфера, куля
apparent [q'pxrqnt] – помітний, очевидний
spoil ground – місце звалища ґрунту
recreation zone – зона відпочинку
to indicate ['IndIkeIt] – вказувати, показувати
Do you remember the following words? Translate them into Ukrainian:
mark – ____________________________
top – ______________________________
purpose – __________________________
direction – _________________________
shoal – ____________________________
depth – ____________________________
flash – ____________________________
shape – ____________________________
wreck – ___________________________
cross – ____________________________
to exhibit – _________________________
to permit – _________________________
to prohibit – ________________________
entrance – _________________________
obstruction – _______________________
band – ____________________________
stripe – ____________________________
occulting – _________________________
isophase – _________________________
distinct – __________________________
Read and translate the following text: Lateral marks
A lateral buoy (or lateral mark), as defined by the International Association of Lighthouse Authorities, is a sea mark used in maritime pilotage to indicate the edge of traffic lanes and channels. Distinct shapes, colours and numbers are used to distinguish between the port and starboard sides of channels. A channel is the route a ship must pass for safety. It is an area in the entrance to a port which has deeper water levels and is clear of any obstruction below the sea.
Region A is also called red to port, because red buoys are on the port (left) side of the channel and green buoys are on the starboard (right) side when entering a harbour (reverse when departing). The ship must pass between them for safety, keeping the red buoy on her port side and the green one on the starboard side.
Region B is exactly the opposite, and is remembered as red to starboard, which means that green buoys mark the port (left) side of channel and red buoys mark the starboard (right) side of channel.
For easy identification, the shapes of the buoys in both regions are different, as can be seen from the diagrams. The topmarks (the small shape at the top of each buoy) are also distinctive and different. Port-hand marks carry can-shaped topmarks, and starboard-hand marks carry conical topmarks, when fitted. When the buoys are can- or conical-shaped themselves they are not fitted with any topmarks.
At night, the lights on each buoy are different as well. When exhibited, red and green lights are used for Lateral marks. Lighted Lateral marks used for certain purposes have lights with specified rhythms: Composite Group Flashing (2+1) for Preferred Channel marks; Quick or Very Quick for New Danger marks. Other Lateral marks may have lights of any rhythms.
