III. Answer the questions:

1. Where is the United Kingdom situated? 2. What islands do the British Isles consist of? 3. What ocean and seas are the British Isles washed by? 4. How many parts does the Island of Great Britain consist of and what are they called? 5. What country does Northern Ireland border on? 6. Are there any high mountains in Great Britain? 7. What sea do most of the rivers flow into? 8. What mineral resources is Great Britain rich in? 9. What is the climate like in Great Britain? 10.What is the population of Great Britain? 11.What city is the capital of the U. K.? 12. What kind of state is Great Britain?

CANADA

І.Study the vocabulary:

Route шлях

to govern управляти

II. Read and translate the text.

Canada is a vast country, bigger than the United States, bigger than the continent of Australia. It is in fact one of the world's largest countries. Its area is about 10 million sq km. As Canada extends for thousands of miles from the Arctic Ocean to the United States and from the Atlantic Ocean to the Pacific Ocean, all kinds of weather conditions and scenery are to be found there. The population of Canada is 29 million people. The capital is Ottawa; the main cities are Toronto, Montreal and Vancouver.

The word Canada comes from one of the native languages - "Kannata", meaning "a number of huts". Canada is often called the "Land of the Maple Leaf". The maple leaf is the national emblem of Canada.

The story of Canada goes back over 400 years. The French were the first settlers to this country. In 1759 Canada became part of the British Empire. In 1931 independence was granted from Britain.

Today Canada is an independent federative state, consisting of 10 provinces and 2 territories. It is a member of the Commonwealth, headed by the Queen of Great Britain. The two official languages are English and French. But many other languages are spoken: Italian, Chinese, German, Polish and Greek.

Canada is a country with a very high standard of living. This country is particularly advanced in the areas of health, education, social protection and human rights.

III. Answer the questions:

1. Where is Canada situated?

2. What is the capital of Canada?

3. What are the official languages of Canada?

4. How many provinces are there in Canada?

The united states of america

I. Read and translate the text.

Official name - the United States of America (the USA )

Status - a Federal Republic union of 50 states

Area - 9,364,000,000 square kilometers

Population - 232,000,000

Capital - Washington

Languages - English is the official and main language. Spanish, Italian, German, Polish, Russian and others are also spoken in the USA.

The United States is one of the largest countries in the world.

The full name of the United States is The United States of America. For short the country is often called the USA. There are fifty states and the district of Columbia. The states differ very much in size population and economical development.

The United States of America lies in the central part of the North American continent between two oceans: the Atlantic Ocean to the east and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Friendly Canada to the north and friendly Mexico to the south are the only countries bordering the United States.

The USA is a country of great diversity. This is due to its geography, the weather, the landscape and the way of living.

The world’s longest rivers are the Mississippi and the Missouri.

There are many large cities and towns in the USA. New York, San Francisco, Washington, Chicago, Los Angeles are the biggest of them.

The United States developed from English colonies. After a long eight years struggle (1775-1783) the colonists gained their independence. The American colonists were led by a talented soldier, George Washington, who later became the first president of the USA. The capital was named after the first president.

The USA is a highly developed industrialized country. It has very efficient industries, advanced technologies and advanced science. Electronic and electrical engineering, transport, communication and machine-tool industries can be found in almost all large cities of the USA.

The USA is a federal republic.

The Government of the USA is composed of three branches - executive, legislative and judicial. The legislative branch makes new laws. And the judicial branch makes sure that the laws and actions of the other branches agree with the Constitution.

The president whose official residence is the White House carries out his many duties as head of the executive branch of the government. He appoints cabinet members, each of which becomes the head of a very important governmental department.

Not far from the White House stands the Capitol. Here the Congress, the legislative branch of the government, meets to make laws to govern the country. The Senate and the House of Representatives form the Congress.