3. Answer the following questions:

1. Do pupils at 16 prefer to continue their education or to find job?

2. How many subjects do pupils in preparation for taking A-level exams study?

When do pupils take their A-level exams

?ПРЕДИСЛОВИЕ

Данные методические указания предназначены для студентов I курса, продолжающих изучение английского языка, составлены в со­ответствии с требованиями программы по иностранным языкам для неязыковых вузов и предусматривают работу над устной речью на материале разговорной темы «Высшее образование».

Материал включает следующие темы: «Наш университет - БГТУ»; «Высшее образование в Великобритании». Перед текстом дан словарь наиболее общеупотребительных слов и словосочетаний, а также список специальностей вуза, после текста - диалог, основанный на нем. В методические указания включены следующие игры:

1. Знаете ли Вы наш университет?

2. Познакомимся с нашим университетом.

PART 1

Vocabulary access, n	-доступ
assistant-professor, n	- доцент
Candidate of Science	- кандидат наук
competitor, n	-соискатель
decision, n	-решение
to make a decision	- принять решение
department, n	- факультет
full-time department	- очный факультет
part-time department =■	- ......Г', • -
correspondence department	? заочный факультет
evening department	- вечерний факультет
Doctor of Philosophy	- доктор наук
engineering, n	- машиностроение
enterprise, n	- предприятие
equipment, n	- оборудование
found, v	- основывать
^ graduate student, n	- аспирант
ч syn. postgraduate
* honoured, p.p.	-заслуженный
machineTtool, n.	- станок
personal computer (PC)	- персональный компьютер

manufacture, 11 - производство

syn. production n

thesis, n (pi. theses) - диссертация

to defend the thesis for the - защитить диссертацию на учёную degree of степень

a council on defending theses - научный совет по защите диссерта­ций

train, v - обучать, готовить, тренироваться

syn. (educate, bring up)

1 4] List of specialities

The Economics and Computer Science Department		Факультет экономики и информатики
010502	Applied computer science in economics	Прикладная информатика (в экономике)
031202	Interpretation and interpreta­tion-studying	Перевод и переводоведение
010503	Software and information sys­tem administration	Математическое обеспечение и администрирование инфор­мационных систем
050501	Professional training	Профессиональное обучение
080111	Marketing	Маркетинг
080502	Economics and running the enterprise	Экономика и управление на предприятии
080503	Anticrisis management	Антикризисное управление
080507	Organization management	Менеджмент организации
090103	Organization and technology of information protection/ In­formation protection organi­zation and technology	Организация и технология защиты информации
230104	Computer-aided design	Система автоматизированно­го проектирования
230105	The software of computer fa­cilities and automated sys­tems/ Computer facilities and automated systems software	Программное обеспечение вычислительной техники и автоматизированных систем
230201	Information systems and tech­nology	Информационные системы и технологии

Universities take the best student, that's why nearly all students com­plete their studies. The normal course of study lasts 3-4 years. Students are not supposed to take a job during the term. Unless their parents are rich, they receive a state grant, which covers most of their expenses, including the cost of accommodation. Quite a lot of students live on campus (or in college) or in rooms nearby.

However, nowadays the government reduces the amount of the stu­dents and encourages a system of top-up loans. That's why quite a lot of students can't afford to live in college and many more of them are forced to do a part-time job, but this reduces the traditionally high quality of Brit­ish university education. And, in addition, the number of students from low-income families has been greatly reduced.

There are no great distinctions between different types of universities in Britain. But still there are some categories of them.

First of all, Oxbridge. Oxford and Cambridge were founded in the medieval period. These universities consist of semi-independent colleges, each of them having its own staff ("Fellows"). The "Fellows" teach the college students either one-to one or in very small groups. This system is unique in the world and known as tutorials in Oxford and supervisions in Cambridge.

Then, Scottish universities. By 1600 Scotland had 4 universities - Glasgow, Edinburgh, Aberdeen and St. Andrews. St. Andrews resembles Oxbridge very much. In the other three most of the students live at home or find rooms in town. The process of study at these universities is very close to the continental one. There is less specialisation than at Oxbridge.

During the 19th century various institutions of higher education (usu­ally technical ones) were founded in the industrial towns and cities such as Birmingham, Manchester and Leeds.

Their buildings were of local brick, so they got the name "redbrick" universities. They contrasted chiefly with Oxford and Cambridge. At first, they prepared students for London University degrees, but later they were given the right to award their own degrees. They became universities themselves. Now they accept students from all over the country. These universities are financed by local authorities.

One of the developments in education in Britain is certainly the Open University. It was founded in 1971. Some people don't have an opportu­nity to study full-time, and this university allows them to study for degree. The university's courses are taught through television, radio and course-A: And how do you spend your spare time, have you got any time to go ip

for sports? . ; л

B: Yes, of course, I joined the University sports society, as I'm fond of skating, skiing and tennis. So, I spend much time in the University gymnasium. Moreover, I've joined our drama society and the choir. They say I'm rather good at both singing and acting. A: As I can guess you study English as a foreign language? B: Exactly and it is my favourite subject. English is an international lan­guage and I want to master it to be able to read English books and jour­nals in the original. A: Well, I wish you much luck in studying English. B: Thank you. Hope to see you some day. A: By the way, I've got a new telephone number. It is now 235... B: Just a second. I must have a pen to put it down. Yes? A: So I repeat 235-60-57. I'll be expecting your call. Bye-bye. B: So long, then.

2. Read and translate the text

EDUCATION IN GREAT BRITAIN

At the age of 16 pupils can leave school. But quite a lot of them want to continue their education. Only 1/3 of all leaves school at 16 and look for a job. (The general level of unemployed is high today. Some of them find job immediately and many take parts in training schemes (which means job corned with part-time college courses).

In England and Wales those who stay at school study just three sub­jects in preparation for taking A-level exams (Advanced Level).

The same examining boards that set GCSE exams set these academic exams. Pupils at the age of 18 years old, who wish to continue their educa­tion, take them.

Universities usually select students on the basis of A-level results and an interview (students who wish to enter Oxford and Cambridge have to take special exams). Those who have better A-level results are usually ac­cepted.

The Transport Energetic Engineering ■ Department			Факультет транспортно- энергетического машиностроения
140104	Industrial thermal electrical engineering	Промышленная теплоэнерге­тика
140503	Gas-turbine, steam-turbine in­stallations and engines	Газотурбинные, паротурбин­ные установки и двигатели
140501	Internal combustion engines	Двигатели внутреннего сго­рания
140604	Electric drive and automation of industrial installations and technological complexes	Электропривод и автоматика промышленных установок и технологических комплексов
150301	Dynamics and strength of machines	Динамика и прочность машин
190205	Mechanical-handling building road machines and equipment	Подъёмно транспортные, строительные, дорожные ма­шины и оборудование
190301	Locomotives	Локомотивы
190302	Cars	Вагоны
190601	Automobiles and automobile maintenance	Автомобили и автомобильное хозяйство
190702	Traffic organization and safety	Организация и безопасность движения
210106	Industrial electronics	Промышленная электроника
210104	Microelectronics and solid- state electronics	Микроэлектроника и твердо­тельная электроника
210304	Radio-electronic systems	Радиоэлектронные системы
The Mechanical Technological Department			Механико-технологический факультет
150202	Equipment and welding pro­duction technology	Оборудование )^,гтехноло|?йя сварочного производства -;
150204	Machines and the technology of the foundry prpduction	Машины и технология литей­ного производства
150501	Material-studying in engi­neering	Материаловедение в машино­строении
200501	Metrology and measurement assurance	Метрология и метрологиче­ское обеспечение

200503-	Standardization and certifica­tion	Стандартизация и сертифика­ция
220501	Quality Management	Управление качеством
280102	Safety of technological proc­esses and productions	Безопасность технологиче­ских процессов и производств
150900	Automation manufacturing systems	Автоматизированные техно­логические системы
	Educational-scientific tech­nological institute	Учебно-научный техноло­гический институт
150205	The equipment and technol­ogy of increasing wear resis­tance and restoring machine parts and devices	Оборудование и технология повышения износостойкости и восстановление деталей машин и аппаратов
150302	Trybology	Триботехника
151001	Mechanical technology	Технология машиностроения
151002	Metal-cutting machine-tools and complexes	Металлорежущие станки и комплексы
151003	Toolroom systems of engi­neering production	Инструментальные системы машиностроительного произ­водства
220201	Management and computer science in technical systems	Управление и информатика в технических системах
220301	Automation of technological processes and productions	Автоматизация технологиче­ских процессов и производств

^Х лЮК UNIVERSITY

In 1999 the first Higher Institution of the Bryansk Region Bryansk State Technical University was seventy. It was founded in December 1929 according to the decision of the USSR's Higher Soviet of National econ­omy on the basis of the Bezhitsa workers' faculty as a higher technical in­stitution of a new type. "Krasni Profmtern",a large machine-building plant in Bezhitsa, the Bryansk region, served as a technical foundation for its or­ganisation. -

The training of the engineers on the initial stage was carried out at the mechanical faculty with the two departments - technological and me-

и

A: Bob? -- . .,

В: Speaking.

A: This is Alex. Hello, old chap. Haven't heard from you for ages. How are you?

B: Oh, hello, Alex. I'm fine, thanks.

A: Wonderful, I hear you passed all your entrance exams with excellent marks. So you are a student now, aren't you?

B: Well yes, I'm a full-time student of Bryansk State Technical University?

A: Oh, really? I didn't know about that? What is your future speciality?

В: I am going to be a highly qualified specialist on internal combustion engines, and what about you?

A: I wasn't so lucky at the entrance exams, in fact. I only got good marks in the main subjects: physics and maths, so I wasn't enrolled into the University.

B: Oh, take it easy. I hope that next year you'll be luckier. Would you like me to tell you about the University?

A: With pleasure.

B: First of all we take a lot of subjects, such as: higher mathematics, phys­ics, chemistry, a foreign language and some special subjects as well.

A: I wonder if you find it difficult to study higher mathematics.

B: Rather. I spend a lot of time doing my home assignment. But I'm not sorry at all. You've got to work hard to make good progress.

A: Do you attend all the lectures?

B: Of course, as I want to gain profound knowledge on all the subjects. So if I miss a lecture, then only for a valid reason.

A: You're quite right. And how do you spend your time after classes?

B: Sometimes I go to the reading-hall to prepare for my lectures and semi­nars. There are a great number of the laboratories at the University. They are equipped with modern devices.

A: What do you do in the labs?

B: There we may conduct research work; there are a lot of computers at our disposal.

A: Can you carry out experiments yourself?

B: Of course, I can. Many students do research according to their future speciality.

A: Have you got a library at the University?

B: Oh, the library contains great many of books, both technical and fiction literature. Besides there is a big reading-hall in the library.

the degree of Ph.D. and for the degree of Candidate of Science on 5 scien­tific specialities.

~ The present stage in the development of the University comprises the integration of education, science and production|To provide high-quality^ training: of specialists theJJniveisity. is contin^ improving its labora­tory and information basisAynique technological and experimental equip­ment is used in the process of studies; over 300 different PCs are installed at the University, 100 of which are united into a single computer network, which has an access to Internet. (The University scientific library is one of the largest technical libraries in tSe regionptsT>ookstockcounts more than

500 thousand volumes of academic, scientific, sociological, political and fiction literature.

A new modern building of the University is under construction now. A'V^The University is developing international cooperation withrthe Uni^-v versifies and outstanding scientists of the Western countries: Germany, / Great Britain, Canada, Italy, Austria, Holland, Hungary, the Chech repub- jand also with the traditional partners from Belorussia and the Ukraine.

2. Answer the following questions:

1. What University do you study at?

2. When was the institution founded?

3. How many faculties are there at the University?

4. What specialists does the University train? What directions is the train­ing НёШ in?

5. How many applicants are annually enrolled into the University?

6. What can you say about the teaching staff of the University?

7. Why do you think the scientific schools and research work being de­veloped by the University is well-known in the country and abroad?

8. What is the innovative activity of the University devoted to?

9. Has the University got councils on defending theses for the scientific degrees?

10. What is being done to provide high-quality training of specialists?

11. What information is given on the University laboratories and the li­brary?

12. Who is the University developing international co-operation with?

13. Name all the specialities of the University.