Test 8

1. Today, networks ____ an essential part of business, education, government and home communications, and Cisco Internet Protocol-based (IP) networking solutions ____ the foundation of these networks.

A. are, are C. was, were

B. is, have been D. is, are

2. The Cisco name __________ synonymous with the Internet, as well as with the productivity improvements that Internet business solutions _______.

A. have become, provide C. has become, provide

B. has become, provides D. have become, is provided

3. While we _____________ excellent market positions for data, voice, and mobility services, Scientific-Team, in our opinion, ___ the leader in video.

A. established, were C. have been established, is

B. have established, is D. have established, have been

4. As we _________ for years, an integrated architecture ___ the only way to reduce this complexity.

A. have been saying, is C. were saying, have been

B. have been said, is D. had been saying, is

5. Our experience in this market ________that the more you _____a complete, tightly coordinated product line, the greater your likelihood of success in creating a compelling offering for both service providers and consumers.

A. have shown, provided C. showed, provides

B. has shown, provide D. is shown, is providing

6. The markets we ____, _____________ dramatic change.

A. serve, is experiencing C. are serving, are experienced

B. serve, are experiencing D. have served, has been experiencing

7. A fundamental change ___ also ______with telecommunications companies, or what we ____ service providers, which is our primary market.

A. is happening, call C. is happening, are called

B. is happened, call D. have happened, call

8. Obviously, everyone ______ IP networks for data and information. And for the past few years IP _________ that it __ the technology of the future for voice communications.

A. is using, had proved, was C. was using, has proved, was

B. is using, had proved, is D. is using, has proven, is

9. We ____video ______ as a key strategic component in communications and consumer media markets.

A. believe, is emerging C. believed, has been emerged

B. are believing, is emerged D.have been believing is emerging

10. Over the next two years we _______ we _______ to see a dramatic change in the landscape, where video _________ how telecommunications companies _____ their infrastructures.

A. will believe, are going, will determine, C. believe, are going, design determines, will design

B. believe, are going, will determine, D. believed, were going, will design determine, designed

Test 9

1. In this mode, the input signal ___ first _______ into a binary number or a sequence of numbers and the output signal _______ of another sequence of numbers logically related to the input signal.

A. is converted, consists C. has converted, consists

B. is converting, consists D. converted, is consisting

2. Logic chips ____________ for control or arithmetic function, in specialized applications, and also to build microcalculators.

A. were employed C. was employed

B. were employing D. has been employed

3. The trend towards digital "logic" operations ___ symptomatic of the very close relationship between microelectronics, i.e. micro-circuits, and computers.

A. are C. were

B. is D. have been

4. Today we___yet___ any significant deviation from this exponential law.

A. didn't see C. haven't seen

B. hadn't seen D. haven't see

5. The culmination of all these advancements ____ the micropro­cessor, which __________ virtually synonymous with microelec­tronics, but should riot be confused with it.

A. was, has become C. were, has become

B. was, have become D. are, has become

6. In 1969 he _____ himself in charge of a project that Intel ___ on for Busicom, a Japanese calculator company.

A. has found, took C. found, took

B. found, has taken D. founded, took

7. The logic circuits __________around eleven chips and the com­plexity of the design __________Intel capabilities - it ___ then a small company.

A. was spread, would have taxed, were C. were spread, will have taxed, was

B. were spreading, would have taxed, D. were spread, would have was taxed, was

8. The fact ___ Intel ___________ in the development of semiconductor memory chips to be used in large computers.

A. is, had pioneering C. is, have pioneered

B. is, had pioneered D. were, had been pioneered

9. That ____ possible because the semiconductor industry ___________ a means of inscribing very complex circuits on tiny surfaces.

A. were, had developed C. was, was developing

B. were, was developing D. was, had developed

10. The hardware elements ____ probably ________ sufficiently with respect to storage capacity, communications, improved use of storage media, associative memories, etc.

A. are developed C. is developing

B. will develop D. was developed