UNIT 1

Unit 1

1.1 Topic to discuss	Management: Art or Science?
Warm-up	Discuss these questions:

1. Which words and word combinations could be used

to define management? Why?

Useful expressions: Expressing opinions I think that …; I believe that… In my opinion…, To my mind… I am not sure, but I think… I could be wrong, but I think… Personally I feel that… If you want to know my opinion…		goals and objectives	scientific	phrase
		routine [ru:'ti:n]	to organize	to set goals
		to plan	to utilize ['ju:tilaiz] and coordinate [kəu'o:dineit]	innovative
		hierarchical ['hai(ə)'ra: kik(ə)l]	authority	to takeover
		to merge	to get things done	to stimulate interest of…
		suppliers	common	benefit
Agreeing I couldn’t agree more... I quite agree with you… That’s true… I partly agree… I agree entirely…		2. Does management apply only to business organizations? 3. Who can become a manager? 4. What is the most desirable aim of all managers? 5. What do these quotations mean to you?

Disagreeing I don’t think/feel so… Perhaps you’re right, but on the other hand… That’s not quite the way I see it… I don’t agree with you…. I see what you mean, but I am not sure I agree with you. I mean…

“Good management is the art of making problems so interesting and their solutions so constructive that everyone wants to get to work and deal with them.” Paul Hawken “That management is best which manages least, and in the end, when workers are ready for it, that management is best which manages not at all.” Anonymous

Reading and vocabulary	A Before reading the article familiarize yourself with the following terms and phrases
to conduct	[kən'dʌkt]	керувати, супроводжувати, вести
manipulation	[mə,nipju'leiʃ(ə)n]	управління операціями, маніпуляція
intellectual	[,int(ə)'lektʃuəl]	інтелектуальний, розумовий
intangible	[in'tænʤəbl]	невідчутне на дотик
guidance	['gaid(ə)ns]	керівництво, супровід
to require	[ri'kwaiə]	вимагати, наказувати
to execute	['eksəkju:t]	виконувати, здійснювати
to deploy	[di'ploi]	розгортатися, розміщуватися
to measure	['meзə]	вимірювати, розподіляти
aid	[eid]	допомога, сприяння, підтримка
to utilize	['ju:tilaiz]	використовувати, утилізувати
execution	[,eksə'kju:ʃ(ə)n]	виконання, здійснення
optimum	['optiməm]	найсприятливіші умови, оптимальний
	B Read the article and answer the questions below

If you look up the dictionary definition of management, among many examples you will find clues as to the real definition of management. This article simply takes an assortment of definitions and looks at what they say and what they imply about management.

1. Which of the above given definitions do you prefer and why?

2. Which definition

1. talks about the different components that managers need to control in order to achieve objectives?

2. is interesting because it traces the root meaning back to the Latin phrase?

3. looks at not only the people but the entire range of resources necessary to follow a plan. Notice how it focuses on doing well and effectively?

4. focus on management as the process of accomplishing work through the efforts of others. Skilled managers can accomplish much more through others than they can through their own single efforts?

5. refers to a sistem which becomes the plan and management is guiding others in following that plan?

6. is a broad definition of management that doesn’t consider management as something that can take place outside of a business?

C Study the essential terms that appear in the text and translate the sentences containing them

to achieve	=	to successfully complete something or get a good result, especially by working hard
	He had achieved all his goals for the organization, and felt there were no challenges left there for him.
guidance (n)	=	help and advice that is given to some-one about their work, education or personal life
	I was looking forward to working under her expert guidance.
to utilize	=	to use something for a particular purpose
	If the overall effect is to increase profit but not volume the resources may be better utilized in creating a new product.
to manipulate	=	to work skillfully with information, systems etc to achieve the result that you want
	So far the computer has proved very efficient at storing, manipulating and processing information.
accomplishment	=	the act of finishing or achieving something good
	=	something successful or impressive that is achieved after a lot of effort and hard work
	If was a major accomplishment for a player who had been injured so recently.
to supervise	=	to be in charge of an activity or a person, and make sure that things are done in the correct way
	At work she supervises a production team of fifteen.
execution	=	a process in which you do something that has been carefully planned
	Once those processes are specifically defined, disciplined execution is the next vital ingredient.
to perform	=	to do something, especially something difficult or useful
	The official opening ceremony was performed by company President.
intangible	=	things have value but do not exist physically
	My companions do not care about cyberspace or anything else so intangible.
to direct	=	to be in charge of so me thing or control it to tell someone what they should do
	This focus can be used to direct all recruitment efforts.
to coordinate	=	to organize an activity so that the people involved in it work well together and achieve a good result
	They direct and coordinate activities of deans and individual colleges and chairpersons of academic departments

D Complete these sentences by changing the verb in bold at the end of each line into a noun

Management are people who direct the activities of others.	to act
Management are needed to provide direction and ………….. to meet the objectives of very organization.	to coordinate
The presentation contains ………….. for the manager to enable maximum learning and skill development.	to guide
Cutting the budget was an impressive ………….. of our department manager.	to accomplish
His great ….…….. Is to make all the players into a united team.	to achieve
Management is effective …………… and coordination of resources to achieve defined objectives with maximum efficiency.	to utilize
The new computer system will meet all our……………. .	to require
Management is the process of setting and achieving goals through the …………… of five basic functions.	to execute
Manager developed a training program to improve employees’ …………… .	to perform

E Fill in the correct word (s) from the list below Use the prompts at the end of each sentence

supervises achieved accomplish perform

executing utilize getting results guidance

1. As a manager I pride myself on ………… (achieving goals)

2. Employers must ………… their workers more effectively if the region is to become an economic success. (use)

3. At work she …..…… a production team of fifteen. (controls)

4. I went to a manager for ………… on my career. (help and advice that is given)

5. He had …..…… all his goals for the organization, and felt there were no challenges left there for him. (accomplished)

6. Franklin is in charge of ………… the company’s reorganization plan. (implementing)

7. Easy enough to say, but sometimes hard to ………… . (reach, realize)

8. We design and ………… an experiment, or make observations, according to a preformed set of ideas or concepts in our mind. (conduct)

F Make up possible word combinations filling in the correct word from the list below. Use them in sentences of your own

vocational	goals	activity	significant	financial
order	much time	occupation	meeting	resources

1. to utilize ……….		6. …………………. aid
2. to conduct a …………		7. to accomplish ………
3. intellectual ……..……		8. to execute an ……….
4. ……….. guidance		9. …… accomplishment
5. to require ……….		10. to coordinate ……...
	G Read the text and decide which word a, b, c, d best fits each place. There is an example at the beginning

The Organizational Purpose of Managers

0. Managers, people who direct the (1)………… of others, are necessary because society cannot function without organizations, and organizations cannot function without managers.

From ancient evidence we know that, since the beginning of culture, human beings have worked (2)………… to survive and prosper. Among the most important human inventions is the organization, a group of two or more persons that operates (3)……….. common objectives. While sharing common characteristics, organizations show wide (4).………. in size, structure, resources, membership, and purpose – from hungry cave dwellers’ first hunting bands, to NASA, to the International Red Cross, to the Beatles. Objectives are what organizations strive toward, outcomes (5) ..…………. through plan and action. Such objectives commonly include creating and providing goods and services to the organization’s members or to outsiders.

Without mechanisms (6)………… and coordinate activities, however, some members of the organization might do work they thought advanced the objectives when, in fact, they were actually undoing the work of other members. Managers prevent such conflict and disorder and (7)……………. everyone’s work toward common objectives. A modern manager may be the owner or operator or founder (or all three) of an organization, or perhaps someone hired to give direction to the entity. In each case, a manager makes (8)…….…… and commits the organization’s resources (people, capital, information, and equipment) to achieve its objectives.

	a	b	c	d
(0)	Accountants	Managers	Doctors	Operators
1.	action	act	activity	plan
2.	cooperatively	cooperator	cooperative	cooperate
3.	to utilize	to conduct	to achieve	to manage
4.	change	diversiform	changeability	diversity
5.	to accomplish	to be lost	to lose	to be accomplished
6.	to guide	to go	to treat	to leave
7.	take	coordinate	have	achieve
8.	manipulation	direction	decisions	money

H Fill in the correct word

	coordinate guidance
activities execution	Managers should set specific ………… objectives for their team. The ability to ……….… several activities at once and to quickly analyze and resolve specific problems is important. Managers coordinate the ……….… of their unite with other units or organizations. Our office is responsible for the …………. of the new marketing plan. He looked to his manager for inspiration and …….…………. . This focus can be used to ……………... all recruitment efforts. If the overall effect is to increase profit but not volume the resources may be better ………….… in creating a new product. It was a major ………….… for a player who had been injured so recently. The reason I ……………… good results is because I work hard and so could you. At work she …………… a production team of fifteen.	achieve direct
controls		utilized
	performance accomplishment

I Give the English for:

Менеджмент – це самостійний вид професійної діяльності, спрямований на досягнення намічених цілей шляхом раціонального використання матеріальних і трудових ресурсів із застосуванням певних принципів, функцій і методів.

Термін «менеджмент», по суті, є аналогом терміна «керування». Однак термін «керування» набагато ширший, оскільки застосовується у різних видах людської діяльності (наприклад, керування автомобілем); у різних сферах діяльності (у неживій природі, у біологічних системах, керування державою); органах керування (підрозділах у державних і громадських організаціях, а також на підприємствах і в об’єднаннях).

Менеджмент як самостійний вид професійної діяльності передбачає, що менеджер незалежний від власності на капітал фірми, у якій він працює. Він може володіти акціями фірми, а може й не мати їх, працюючи за наймом на посаді менеджера. Праця менеджера – продуктивна праця, що виникає в умовах комбінування високотехнологічного виробництва з високим рівнем спеціалізації працівників, забезпечуючи зв’язок і єдність усього виробничого процесу.

Менеджмент поєднує працівників різних спеціальностей: інженерів, проектувальників, маркетологів, економістів, статистиків, психологів, плановиків, бухгалтерів та ін., що працюють під керівництвом менеджера, який управляє підприємством, виробничим відділенням в цілому.

Reading and discussion		A Before you read the article discuss these questions:
Useful expressions: Answering the questions As to the question... I will try to answer ... I would answer that... It’s difficult to answer the questions whether (if)... To answer the question I would like to say... The answer may lay in... I would like to say a couple of words... I cannot say that... I can only say... There is much to say about.... May I comment on my group mate statements? I would like to emphasize/stress...		1 What do you usually associate with : a) art? b) science? 2 If management is an art as well as science the ratio is about: a) 80% art and 20% science? b) 50% art and 50% science? c) 20% art and 80% science? Explain your opinion.
		B The table below lists things to prove that manage- ment is an art. Read the article and complete the right-hand column
Management as an Art			Management as a Science
the way of doing specific things the application of skills dependence on the inherent capacity of person using of skills, knowledge and experience			- - -