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18. Discussion:

a) Do you remember your first day at the University? What was your first lecture? Do you remember it’s theme? What were your impressions?

b) Make up a report on the topic “Animal plant differences”. Use the material of the text.

Unit 2

Grammar: Review of the Unit 1

1. plural of nouns

2. conjunction of “to be”

New material

The Present Simple (Indefinite) Active / Passive

Topic: Photosynthesis

Class work

Training exercises

Review of the Unit 1

1. Repeat Grammar: plural of nouns, conjunction of “to be”.

2. Make plural of the following nouns:

Organism, chain, fat, leaf, food, water, stem, substance, structure, cell, kingdom, protein, nucleus, body, reaction, alga.

3. Fill in the verb to be in the necessary form, translate sentences into Russian:

a) Light … actually energy, electromagnetic energy to be exact.

b) Chlorophyll … the magic compound that can grab that sunlight and start the whole process.

c) Desmosomes …..a second type of cell connection.

d)The cell membrane…. not one solid piece.

e) Although algae …. not as complex as land plants, photosynthesis takes place biochemically the same way.

New material

4. Study Grammar: the Present Simple (Indefinite) Active / Passive.

5. Open the brackets in the Present Simple Active:

a) Photosynthesis (use) light energy and carbon dioxide to make triose phospates (G3P).

b)The energy for photosynthesis ultimately (come) from absorbed photons and (involve) a reducing agent which is water in the case of plants, releasing oxygen as a waste product.

c) We want to reinforce that photosynthesis (happen) in the chloroplast.

d) Animal cells (require) oxygen to survive.

e) The process of photosynthesis (not happen) all at one time.

f) At night time plants (not make) food so they (shut) down by closing their stomata.

g) Plants (sleep)?

h) Chromosomes (work) with other nucleic acids in the cell to build proteins and help in cell division.

6. Open the brackets in the Present Simple Passive:

a) Oxygen (inhale) and carbon dioxide (exhale) by plants during photosynthesis.

b) The sunlight (absorb) by chlorophyll.

c) Carbon dioxide and water (combine) from sunlight by green plants to make sugar and oxygen.

d) Sugar (use) by green plants to make starch, fats, and proteins.

e) Chromosomes (make up) of DNA.

f) Waste products also (dissolve) before they (take) in by vacuoles or (send out) of the cell.

g) Everything in life (make) of smaller pieces and a membrane is no different.

h) Chromatin (make) of DNA, RNA, and nuclear proteins.

7. Guess the meaning of the international words, given below, try to define their part of speech:

Carbohydrate, protein, chemical, glucose, photosynthesis, actually, chemistry, molecule, carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, atom.