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C. Focus on Grammar

1. Define the tense form in the following sentences and translate them into Russian:

  1. At the same time there are …wonderful laboratories with their modern machines whose potentialities have never yet been properly exploited in actual linguistic work.

  2. The analytical principles of B u c h s t a b e n p h o n o l o g i e are most consistently applied in the Broad Phonetic Transcription…

  3. Let us take the first sentence of lesson I to exemplify what has just been said about the ‘Phonology of Letters’ …

  1. Comment upon the structure of the sentence:

As a result, one symbol is attached once and for all to every phoneme, the complete inventory of phonemes being rationally and conveniently represented as a set of written symbols.

D. Write the summary of section 1.

Chapter 1

Preliminary Remarks

Section 2 (pp. 8 – 9)

A. The Study of the Content Plane.

Checking Comprehension Questions:

  1. What idea was the origin of the traditional orthographic form of language?

  2. What is the difficulty of the traditional orthography?

  3. What did the present-day English orthographic system develop in the course of time?

  4. What are the homophones?

  5. Why was it necessary to invent The Broad Phonetic Transcription?

  6. What did the present–day orthographic system develop in the course of time?

  7. What are homophones?

  8. Why does the English orthography remain what it is?

  9. How could the discrimination of homophones be complicated still further?

  10. What does the charm of “Alice in Wonderland “depend on?

  11. What is the Broad Phonetic Transcription?

B. The Study of the Expression Plane.

1. Match the words with their definitions:

underlying

discrepancy

retain

arise

quibble

abound

cease

sizable

  1. to be plentifully supplied (with); teem (with);

  2. a conflict or variation, as between facts, figures, or claims;

  3. quite large;

  4. to bring or come to an end; desist from; stop;

  5. a) to come into being; originate b) to spring or proceed as a consequence; result;

  6. a pun;

  7. fundamental; basic;

  8. to keep in one's possession.

2. Match the English word-combinations with their Russian equivalents:

  1. component phonemes (=constituent)

  2. to be referable to a symbol

  3. the same underlying idea

  4. here a question is bound to arise

  5. prevent somebody from

  6. be inconsistent

  7. the discrepancy reaches sizable proportions

  8. be not infrequently represented

  9. this is particularly true of

  10. in the course of time

  11. sound shape

  12. phonemic composition

13. be the case

  1. retain orthography as accepted

  2. society in question

  3. rational orthography

  4. far from being an advantage

  5. important semiological distinctions

  6. abound in something

  7. quibbles

  1. Та же самая основополагающая идея

  2. Предотвратить, не позволить сделать что-то

  3. Разногласия (несоответствия) достигают значительных размеров;

  4. Быть зачастую представленным;

  5. Общество, о котором идет речь;

  6. Это особенно верно в отношении;

  7. Звуковая оболочка;

  8. Далеко не преимущество;

  9. Иметь место; быть верным;

  10. Фонемный состав;

  11. Изобиловать чем-то;

  12. Софизм, каламбур, игра слов;

  13. Рациональная орфография;

  14. Быть непоследовательным;

  15. Соотноситься с символом;

  16. Составляющие фонемы;

  17. Сохранять принятую орфографию;

  18. С течением времени;

  19. Важные семитологические различия;

  20. Здесь непременно возникает вопрос