- •Часть 1
- •Contents
- •Введение в английскую филологию
- •2. Match the words with their synonyms:
- •2A. Fill in the gaps using the above words:
- •3. Give Russian equivalents:
- •4. Match the prepositions with the words below. Use the expressions in sentences of your own:
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate word and make up sentences with the word combinations:
- •6. Fill in the tables:
- •7. Translate into English:
- •1. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •2. Translate the words and word-combinations into Russian:
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate preposition:
- •5. Match the synonyms:
- •6.Fill in the left part of the table with the opposites:
- •7. Translate the sentences into Russian paying special attention to the expression in bold:
- •8. Translate into English:
- •C. Focus on Grammar
- •2. Match the English word-combinations with their Russian equivalents:
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions:
- •4. Translate from Russian and make up sentences with these expressions:
- •5. Fill in the gaps with the following sense groups and translate the sentences into Russian:
- •6. Translate from Russian into English
- •1. Match English and Russian equivalents
- •2. Match the words with their definitions:
- •Fill in the gaps with the appropriate words from the table:
- •4. Words often confused:
- •Translate words and sense - groups from English into Russian:
- •1. Give the English equivalents of the Russian sense groups:
- •2. Translate words and sense - groups from English into Russian:
- •3. Fill in the gaps with the prepositions:
- •1. Find the English equivalents in the text:
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents:
- •3. Fill in the gaps in the Table of Articulation Basis Peculiarities:
- •4. Collocate the verb so as to form the word-combinations from the texts:
- •The Two Main Functional Styles of English Speech and the Object of Pragmalinguistics.
- •The Study of the Content Plane.
- •The Study of the Expression Plane.
- •1. Give the English equivalents of the Russian sense - groups:
- •2. Give the Russian equivalents:
- •3. Translate the sentences from English into Russian:
- •Dictation. Write the translation of the Russian sentences:
- •1. Analyze the functions of modals and supply the appropriate Russian translation:
- •2. Fill in the gaps with the appropriate prepositions. Use the expressions in sentences of your own.
- •1. Give the English equivalents of the Russian sense groups:
- •2. Translate words and sense - groups from English into Russian:
- •3 . A) Fill in the gaps with the appropriate preposition from the table.
1. Give the English equivalents of the Russian sense groups:
набор практических правил
требуемый коммуникационный навык
английский без акцента
признаваемый всеми в качестве стандарта
ответственная и сложная работа
было бы ошибкой представить, что
говорить на английском языке без усилий
давайте обратимся к
применять принципы на практике
особо сложное
так сказать
подвергаться риску
правильная артикуляция
представлять проблему
один из наиболее сложных вопросов
в этом случае
огромная проблема
отдавать предпочтение
содержать обсуждаемую звуковую последовательность.
камень преткновения
2. Translate words and sense - groups from English into Russian:
strange substitutions
speak English anyhow
first and foremost
glottal fricative
to take no part whatsoever
it should never be confounded with
the exact pronunciation
distort the pattern of the word
a stressed vowel
to find most difficult to master
there is always a danger of replacing the sound by
the word under discussion
supporting articulation
lateral sound
be born in mind
be faced with a problem
by no means
for reason we have expounded above
occur in final position
make something widely different from
resonant nature of the consonant
be slightly shifted back
as compared with
for purely pragmatic purposes
3 . A) Fill in the gaps with the appropriate preposition from the table.
of |
under |
In (*2) |
With (*3) |
for |
from |
be born _ _ _ _ mind
be faced _ _ _ _ a problem
a danger _ _ _ _ replacing the sound by
be confounded _ _ _ _
the sound _ _ _ _ discussion
vary _ _ _ _ length
as compared _ _ _ _
_ _ _ _ purely pragmatic purposes
9) be different _ _ _ _
10) result _ _ _ _
b). Use the above words and word-combinations in sentences:
1) It should always _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ that in articulation of English the tongue takes no part whatsoever, because the sound _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ is produced by the air passing through the slightly contracted glottis which _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ slight friction, _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ what happens when the air is exhaled in a slightly intensified way.
2) There is always _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ the English [h] with Russian sound [х] as in, for instance, “hobot” or “hohot”.
3) The point we are now trying to make is that English [h] should by no means be _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Russian sound [x] as it is very _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ .
4) It should be noted here that _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ it might be useful if the Russian learner of English always tried to exaggerate the length of long vowels to make them exceptionally tense.
5) Merely listening to English vowels does not lead to good pronunciation as all English vowels (both long and short) _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ according to their pronunciation environment.
3. Translate the sentences from English into Russian:
1). one more point to be made in connection with
There is one more point to be made in connection with the proper pronunciation of this simple and seemingly insignificant little word.
2. take into account
Not to distort the sound pattern of the word we should take into account the main peculiarity of English organic basis.
3. deserve careful consideration
The problem of contrastive study of organic basis deserves careful consideration.
4. it could be even suggested
For pragmatic purposes it could be even suggested that whenever such words are to be pronounced properly it would be useful for the Russian learner of English to exaggerate the length of the vowels not to fall back on the regularities of his native vowel system.
5. crucial point
When aiming at the proper pronunciation of this word we are again confronted with one of the crucial points of English phonetics.
6. another important problem arises
Another important problem arises when the learner has to articulate the nasals.
7. take no part whatsoever
In articulation of English [h] the tongue takes no part whatsoever.
4. Dictation. Write the translation of the Russian sentences:
Мы уже описывали те трудности, с которыми сталкиваются студенты, когда становятся перед необходимостью овладения стандартной формой произношения.
Важно подготовить наши органы речи еще до того, как мы начали говорить - привести их в положение, которое диктуется английской артикуляционной базой.
Язык должен быть отведен назад от зубов, в то время, как губы удерживаются в настолько нейтральной позиции, насколько это возможно.
Для того чтобы избежать произношения этих звуков в русской манере, следует всегда помнить, что английские взрывные в конечной позиции чрезвычайно слабы – до такой степени, что становятся невзрывными, скорее чем взрывными.
Этот вопрос еще более осложняется тем, что все английские гласные варьируются по долготе в соответствии с их фонетическим окружением.
C. Focus on Grammar.
Analyze the sentences and supply the appropriate Russian translation:
In this way the learner is expected to achieve the required communicative ability.
Here, it would be useful to remember that we (professionals) do not speak English for pleasure or simply because we want to chatter with our colleagues on some events of the day
We are not supposed to speak English anyhow…
Then comes the diphthong [au] – the exact pronunciation of which is neither too front nor too back, the first element of the diphthong standing, as it were, midway between the two.
D. Write the Summary.