Vіі Змістовий модуль
„Готельний сервіс”
Практичне заняття № 1
ТЕМА: У готелі. Резервація готелю (реєстрація і виписка з готелю).
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.
Present Perfect.
Читання та обговорення тексту за вказаною темою:
Staying at the hotel
Speak about everyday services available at the hotel
When you come to another country or city you can stay at your friend’s house or flat. But if you haven’t got any relatives or friends you may stay at a hotel. There are 2 sorts of hotels: at the seaside and in city. The hotels at the seaside usually occupy big territory. And the services and facilities are usually better there then in city hotels. You can get more things free. Also at the seaside hotels food is served usually 2 of 3 times a day and in city hotels you can get only breakfast. Before you arrive somewhere you can make arrangements about a room of the hotel you’ll choose. You can call at the hotel of send them a fax or telegram which numbers you can find in the advertisement. If you haven’t done it, when you arrive at the hotel it is necessary to come up to the reception desk. There a person can order a room. First of all you must fill in an arrival card. In this card you must gave information about yourself. Your name and surname, telephone number and address besides it is necessary to point out how long you are going to stay here. Also among the seaside hotels the best with club system. Usually on the territory of such hotels there is 4-5 storied building with single rooms, double rooms, and suites and separate there are family cottages. The area of such hotels is usually very big about 50 hectares. Club system allows taking free any, soft drinks, food 24 hours a day, because everything is included into the price of the tour. There are all day room services, dry cleaners, laundries. In the rooms there is a refrigerator, bathroom, a satellite TV and direct dial phone. Also such hotels have their own place on the beach with comfortable sun beds .You can spend time riding horses, playing tennis, golf, polo, visiting shops, which are usually situated in the territory of the hotels. In the evenings you can go to the disco or to the restaurant. The menu in the restaurants including different cuisine’s such as: French, Spanish, Chinese, Turkish, Russian and so on. You can order a yacht tour to some historical places (if any) or something like that. After visiting such hotels you’ll return home happy and refreshed.
Questions:
What sorts of hotels do you know?
What sort of hotel would like to stay in?
What services do these hotels suggest?
Робота на текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Спеціальність: Соціальна педагогіка
The Problem of Smoking
Smoking is the best way to bad health. Today half the men and a quarter of the women in the world smoke on the average. Some people think that there is not much sense in refraining from smoking, since the inhabitants of many cities and even villages breathe air contaminated with industrial and automobile wastes. They are very wrong. Vehicle exhaust gases are harmful in themselves, but a smoking driver is subjected to something far more dangerous.
Take another example: according to WHO (World Health Organization) figures, the sick rate is higher among smoking workers of the heavy engineering, chemical, ceramic, and mining, building, and cement and rubber industries.
The harm of tobacco smoke on women should be especially emphasized. In particular, smoking may affect the course of pregnancy. Smoking women may bring into the world crippled or abnormal children.
The evidence that exposure to other people's smoke is dangerous to health is now incontrovertible. The exposure to secondhand smoke is a serious health risk to non-smokers, increasing their chance of contracting lung cancer and heart disease. The degree of risk depends on the extent and duration of exposure. Particularly there is a high risk among workers in the hospitality industries (bar staff, casino workers and other employees in workplaces where smoking is routine). It is estimated that secondhand smoke causes one premature death a week.
In the past few years some measures have been taken to reduce smoking. There has been a growing awareness of the dangers of smoking throughout the world. The anti-smoking campaigns launched in a number of countries have brought about extensive public censure of this harmful habit and a decrease in the number of smokers among some groups of the population.
In our country the campaign to beat the cigarette habit has acquired a purposeful nature. Special legislative, medical and educational measures are being worked out.
Instructions forbid smoking among schoolchildren. Lessons on the harm of smoking have been included in courses of the anatomy, physiology and hygiene, the sale of cigarettes to minors is prohibited. Warnings against the harm of smoking are printed on packets of cigarette brands.
The ministries of railways, civil aviation, merchant marine and culture have worked out and now implement measures for regulating, limiting and restricting smoking in long-distance and suburban trains, planes, on sea vessels, in theatres, clubs, etc.
Questions:
1. How many people do smoke in the world today?
2. Why do people think that there is not much sense in refraining from smoking?
3. Why are they wrong?
4. What are the industries where the sick rate among smoking workers is higher?
5. How may smoking affect the course of pregnancy?
6. Why is the exposure to secondhand smoke a serious health risk to non-smokers?
7. What does the degree of risk depend on?
8. Where is risk among workers exposed to secondhand smoking particularly high?
9. What measures have been taken to reduce smoking in the past few years?
10. What has been done to prevent smoking among schoolchildren?
Vocabulary:
health —здоров’я
half — половина, одна друга
quarter — чверть, четверта частина
on the average — у середньому
to refrain — утримуватися
inhabitant — мешканець
to breathe — дихати
to contaminate — пачкати, забруднювати
wastes — відходи
exhaust gas — вихлопний газ
harmful — шкідливий, згубний
to subject — піддавати (дії, впливу)
according to — відповідно до, згідно
rate — пропорція, відношення; коефіцієнт; міра; відсоток, доля
heavy engineering — важке машинобудування
mining — вугільний
harm — шкода; збиток, ущерб, збиток (in; to)
to emphasize — надавати особливе значення; підкреслювати; акцентувати
in particular — особливо, зокрема
to affect — піддавати фізичній дії, тиску; шкодити, завдавати збиткуp
pregnancy — вагітність
cripple — інвалід
abnormal — ненормальний, неправильний; анормальний; що відхиляється від норми
evidence — доказ, підтвердження; свідоцтво
exposure — піддаватися дії
dangerous — небезпечний; ризикований
incontrovertible — безперечний, неспростовний, безперечний, незаперечний, безперечний
secondhand smoke — пасивне паління
to increase — зростати, збільшувати(ця); рости; посилюватися
to contract — мед. заразитися, захворіти
lung cancer — рак легенів
heart disease — серцеве захворювання; вада серця
degree — міра, рівень
to depend — залежати, знаходитися в залежності (від кого-н./ чого-н. - on, upon)
extent — простір, протяг, відстань, протяжність
duration — довжина, тривалість, тривалість
to estimate — оцінювати; приблизно підраховувати
to cause — послужити причиною/приводом для чого-н.; мотивувати щось
premature death — передчасна смерть
to take measures — вживати заходи
to reduce — послабляти, знижувати, скорочувати, зменшувати
awareness — обізнаність, інформованість
to launch — запускати, починати
censure — несхвалення, засудження, осуд
decrease — зменшення, убування, пониження; збавляння; зниження, скорочення, спад
to beat – перемагати
to acquire — отримувати, придбати
purposeful — цілеспрямований; що має намір
legislative — законодавчий
to work out — розробляти (план); складати (документ)
to prohibit — забороняти
brand — торгівельна марка, бренд
civil aviation — цивільна авіація
merchant marine — торговий флот
to implement — виконувати, здійснювати; забезпечувати виконання
to restrict — обмежувати
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.
Present Perfect.
Група доконаних часів (Perfect Tenses) виражає дію, які закінчується до якогось моменту в теперішньому часі, минулому, майбутньому або майбутньому по відношенню до минулого. Доконані часи звичайно виражають наявність якогось результату дії, пов’язаної з наступними подіями. Вона утворюється за допомогою допоміжного дієслова have у відповідному часі Indefinite + III форма основного дієслова.
Present Perfect
Present Perfect виражає дію, яка:
1) Завершується до моменту мовлення. При цьому час виконання дії не вказується, тут важливий факт: "Have you seen Hamlet"?
2) Якщо дія завершилася, а відрізок часу його виконання ще не закінчився, при цьому вживаються вирази (обставини часу) today, this week, this month, this year, this summer, etc. I have seen my friend this week.
3) Якщо в реченні є прислівник неозначеного часу: never, ever, just, already, since, not…yet, etc. He has just come. I have not seen him yet.
Утворення Present Perfect:
have - всі особи однини і множини (I, you, we, they)
+ ІІІ форма основного дієслова
has - 3 особа однини (he, she, it)
+ ІІІ форма основного дієслова
Ex. 1. Use the Present Perfect in the following sentences.
1. A: (you, ever, eat) … pepperoni pizza? B: Yes, I … I (eat) … pepperoni pizza many times.
2. A: (you, ever, talk) … to a famous person? B: Yes, I …
I (talk) … to a lot of famous people. OR: No, I … I (never, talk) … to a famous person.
3. A: (Helen, ever, rent) … a car? B: Yes, she … She (rent) …a car many times. OR: No, she … She (never, rent) … a car.
4. A: (see, you,ever) … a shooting star? B: Yes, I … I (see) … a lot of shooting stars. OR:
No, I … I (never, see) … a shooting star.
5. A: (catch, Jim, ever) … a big fish? B: Yes, he … He (ever, catch) … lots of big fish. OR: No, he (never,catch) …
6. A: (you, ever, have) … a bad sunburn? B: Yes, I … I (have) …
a bad sunburn several times. OR: No, I … I (never, have) … a bad sunburn.
Ex. 2. Complete the sentences with the Present Perfect of the following verbs and the words in brackets. Use each verb only one time: eat, look, save, use, give, play, sleep, wear, improve, rise, speak, win.
1. People … sheep’s wool to make clothing for centuries.
2. The night is over. It’s daytime now. The sun …
3. I (never) … golf, but I’d like to. It looks like fun.
4. Our team is great. They … all of their games so far this year. They haven’t lost a single game.
5. Lily must be angry with me. She (not) …one word to me all evening. I wonder what I did to make her angry.
6. The cat must be sick. He (not) … any food for two days. We’d better call the vet.
7. Our teacher … us a lot of tests and quizzes since the beginning of the term.
8. We put a little money in our savings account every month. We want to buy a car, but we (not) … enough money yet. We’ll have enough in a few more months.
9. (you, ever) … outdoors for the entire night? I mean without a tent, with nothing between you and stars.
10. My aunt puts on a wig whenever she goes out, but I (never) … a wig in my life.
11. Paul’s health … a lot since he started eating the right kinds of food, exercising regularly, and handling the stress in his life. He’s never felt better.
12. I can’t find my keys. I … everywhere — in all my pockets, in my briefcase, in my desk. They’re gone.
Практичне заняття № 2
ТЕМА: У готелі. Резервація готелю (реєстрація і виписка з готелю).
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.
Past Perfect.
Читання та обговорення тексту за вказаною темою:
My dream hotel
While thinking the idea of my dream hotel, I have sorted lots of variants. For a long time I could not decide which one to choose. And then I thought...
Novgorod is the place where the spirit of ancient Russian land is being kept. Boundless space of The Ilmen Lake, The Volhov river, enormous buildings of The Kremlin, numerous town temples are the monuments of original Novgorodian culture, which were created by hard work and the talent of ancient masters. And we have been saving this entire heritage till this day. That’s why I have created the idea of a hotel in an olden day’s style. But my hotel is not going to a simply new created building with rare inclusions of old days designed furniture. This is going to be much more interesting. The real historical buildings in use.
When I was a child I liked to play on the bank of the river Volhov. And one interesting building used to attract my attention. Later I have found out that this place use to be the territory of an 18th century friary. So men- monks lived there. In my project I wish to restore that friary and rebuild it into monastery style hotel.
The hotel complex will consist of 3 parts. The 1st part- the main building, the 2nd- the separated detached building- a dining- room, connected to the main building by a long passage, the 3rd - an operating church.
The main point of the idea is that the exterior of a hotel complex will be renewed, but not going to be changed and modernize. And the interior will be an eclection of friary life atmosphere and a modern days design advantages. I convinced that my guests live in comfortable and functional hotel. In that way the hotel will attract a major popularity and will be beneficially advantageous.
It will combine the functions of a narrow thematic hotel and a hotel with standard services.
This complex is now located on the north border of the town, on the bank of the river Volhov. The location is perfectly suitable to mine eclectic conception: from the one side- it situates in a distance of towns mess, surrounded by beautiful trees, flowers in bloom and the whisper of water- the view is spectacular, on the other hand- the hotel will be located in a town. Guests will be able to get to the center of the town in 20 minutes by car, and in case they don’t have one- there is a city bus which will bring them to the center in a half of an hour.
As I have already mentioned the exterior of the buildings won’t be changed, just renewed in order to save the atmosphere of a friary life.
The main trunk is a long, white, 2 floored building with a range of medium size windows in a monastery style. It will contain: the frond hall, reception area, a restaurant and the hotel rooms.
The hotel rooms a supposed to be plain but comfortable: spacious rooms, wooden covered walls - will create the sense of warmth and comfort. Wooden, fretted beds (single and double), carpets, covering the floors everywhere, wooden furniture: shelves and chests of drawers, wardrobes, fridges and TV sets will be in every room. Spacious bathrooms with a shower cabins, bidets, hairdryers, and big mirrors are compulsory part of a room standard.
The restaurant which is called "An ale cell" will be designed in a monastery style. The wide range of traditional dishes will be served there. The restaurant will offer a long list of wines and special kinds of beer. So this eating point will be oriented everyone who whishes to spend his time relaxing and tasting an excellent cuisine.
The 2nd building is a dining- room. In 17 century monks come here to eat, using the special passage. Here the 2nd eating point will be situated. The design and furniture will be a precise copy a friaries dining- room: modest furniture, plain painted walls, long table, which used to gather the monks years ago, will gather its guests in the 21st century. The cuisine is not going to be as plain as it was in a time of a friary, but the main menu will consist of fast dishes according to the religious traditions. Here I must point that there are dozens of fast, but unusual and incredibly tasty dishes.
The 3rd building is a Church of Assumption, which was built in a 16th century. After the reconstruction it will open its doors to everyone. The Church completes the hotel complex.
As a kind of entertainment the hotel will offer to its guests: an adventure horse riding walks, romantic boats rowing and open-air picnics on the bank of the river.
As a conclusion id like to add that this hotel will be a tremendous combination an olden- days cover and a comfortable and functional stuffing. Guests of the hotel will be able to not just to visit a historical monuments and see the friary life, but also to live there centuries ago novgorodian monks spent their life. Visitors will get a unique chance to plunge into a magnificent atmosphere of peace and divine grace moments.
Additional vocabulary material
make a reservation for a room |
забронювати готельний номер |
booking confirmation |
підтвердження бронювання |
in advance |
заздалегідь |
discount |
знижка |
hotel facilities |
комплекс послуг, які пропонує готель (наприклад, басейн, салон-перукарня, фітнес) |
The rate includes sauna, gym, parking, safe deposit box. |
У вартість включено: відвідування сауни, спортивного залу, парковка автомобіля на території готелю, можливість користуватися сейфом для зберігання цінностей. |
check in time |
година, з настанням якого можливе заселення в номер (встановлюється адміністрацією готелю) |
check out time |
година, до якої необхідно звільнити номер в день від'їзду (у більшості готелів 12) |
VAT скор. от value added tax |
податок на додану вартість |
pay for services |
сплатити послуги |
payment in local currency |
оплата в місцевій валюті |
pay cash |
розплатитися готівкою |
cater |
обслуговувати |
available |
що мається в наявності |
At the moment there are no rooms available. |
В даний момент вільних номерів немає. |
Готельні номери: |
|
single room |
одномісний номер |
twin room |
двомісний номер з двома ліжками |
double room |
двомісний номер з одним двоспальним ліжком |
Категорії номерів (за комфортністю) : |
|
Standard room |
стандартний номер |
Superior room |
номер підвищеної комфортності |
Junior suite room |
номер "полулюкс" |
Suite room |
номер "люкс" |
Класифікація проживання за типом харчування: |
|
B&B - bed and breakfast |
харчування: сніданок |
HB - half board |
напівпансіон (як правило, сніданок і вечеря) |
FB - full board |
триразове харчування |
All Inclusive |
харчування за програмою "Усе включено" |
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням
Спеціальність: Соціальна педагогіка
Drugs
More people are abusing drugs today than in any other time in history of mankind, and many of those people are youth. Understanding what drugs are is fundamental for understanding their potential abuse. Drugs are a psychoactive substance. A psychoactive substance is something that people take to change the way they feel, think or behave. Some of these substances are called drugs and others, like alcohol and tobacco, are considered dangerous, but are not called drugs. The term drug also covers a number of substances that must be used under medical supervision to treat illnesses.
I am going to talk about drugs as those man-made or naturally occurring substances used without medical supervision, basically to change the way a person feels, thinks or behaves.
In the past, most drugs were made from plants. That is, plants were grown and then converted into drugs such as coca paste, opium and marijuana. Over the years, these crude products were further processed to drugs like cocaine and heroin and finally, in the 20th century, people found out how to make drugs from chemicals.
These are called man-made or synthetic drugs and include ecstasy, LSD, etc. These were initially manufactured for largely experimental reasons and only later were used for recreational purposes. Now, however, with the increased size and scope of the drug trade, people set out to invent drugs especially for human consumption.
For the first time in human history, a whole industrial complex creates and produces drugs that are meant to be used for the sole purpose of «having fun.» People use drugs just to escape the reality, to have fun. The majority of them are young, even very young, who do not understand what might happen to them because of drugs.
Questions:
1. What is fundamental to understand the essence of drugs?
2. What are drugs?
3. What is a psychoactive substance?
4. What kind of drugs do you know?
5. What naturally occurring drugs do you know?
6. What synthetic drugs do you know?
7. Why do people use drugs?
Vocabulary:
to abuse — зловживати
drugs — наркотики
mankind — людство
youth — молодь
substance — речовина
to behave — поводитися, поступати, триматися
to consider — думати, вважати
dangerous — небезпечний
to cover — включати, містити
supervision — лікування, припис
to treat — лікувати
illness — хвороба
plants — рослини
crude — сирий
to find (past found, p.p. found) out — знайти, винайти
ecstasy — екстазі (наркотик, що викликає почуття ейфорії, широко вживаний на дискотеках)
LSD — скор. от lysergic acid diethylamide ЛСД (наркотик, що викликає галюцинації)
initially — у початковій стадії, спочатку
recreational — розважальний, такий, що відноситься до сфери розваг, відпочинку
purpose — призначення, намір, мета
to invent — винайти
consumption — споживання
to escape — йти від реальності, відключатися
majority — більшість
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.
Past Perfect.
Past Perfect
Past Perfect виражає дію, яка здійснилася до іншої дії в минулому або до якогось моменту в минулому.
Утворення Past Perfect:
had + III форма основного дієслова в усіх особах
однини і множини
We had finished our work before you came yesterday.
They had finished their work by 5 o'clock yesterday.
Ex. 1. Open the brackets using Past Perfect.
1. When he (to come) home, his mother already (to cook) dinner.
2. When we (to come) to my friend’s house, he just (to leave).
3. When her husband (to enter) her office, she already (to finish) her work for that day.
4. Jennifer (to send) him an email after he (to call).
5. Andy (to ask) his friend before he (to propose) him his help.
6. We (to eat) a cake which I (to bring) an hour before.
7. My sister (to take) my dress which I (to buy) in Morocco.
8. I (to work) on the computer yesterday which I (to buy) a week ago.
9. I (to know) that my friend (not yet to complete) the test in the university.
10. Nick and his wife (to come) home from the theatre at five o'clock.
11. Nick and his wife (to come) home from the theatre by five o'clock.
12. She (to finish) my homework at seven o'clock.
13. She (to finish) my homework by seven o'clock.
14. They (to sell) their house before they (to buy) the new one.
15. He told me that he (to buy) a new car.
16. Yesterday I (to wake up), (to open) my eyes and (to remember) what I (to do) the day before.
17. She said that she (to have) a great vacation trip.
18. You (to complete) the test by Friday?
19. I (not to have) a lunch by the afternoon, so I was very hungry.
20. I (to fix) my car before my daughter (to return) back from school.
Ex. 2. Translate into English (Past Perfect).
1. Ми зробили уроки, до того як повернувся батько.
2. Я повечеряв до дев'ятої години.
3. Він не вивчив вірш до вечора.
4. Вони розвели вогнище до заходу сонця.
5. Черговий витер дошку до приходу учителя.
6. Я не переклав статтю до ранку.
7. Діти заснули до десятої години?
8. Чому він не відіслав лист до свята?
9. Я приготувала пиріг до приходу гостей.
10. До 1990 року він був лікарем.
Практичне заняття № 3
ТЕМА: Послуги працівників готелю.
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect. Future Perfect.
Читання та обговорення тексту за вказаною темою:
Description and features of hotel services
Services, which are given in the hotels of Ukraine divided into basic, and additional (other). Services of dwelling behave to basic services. Process of grant of basic services in hotels it is possible schematically to divide into and few basic stages:
- information about services;
- backuping (reserving) of places;
- realization of services;
- meeting and send-offs of tourists;
- service is during and stay.
Process of grant of informative services in hotels - one of importent. An of able grant information comes into and notice, excites interest and desire to purchase and favour, that to carry out the choice of hotel, to the room hotel, term of stay and others like that. But, it costs to conduct informative activity with large professionalism.
Backuping ( reserving) of places in hotels and other facilities of placing allows and personnel to prepare to maintenance of tourists, and to the tourists more rationally to conduct leisure.
Meeting of and placing of tourists includes in hotels: transference of luggage, delivery of the keys, and accompaniment to the number.
Distributing of tourists after numbers is carried out service of reception and placing of hotel (administrator). The basic requirements in the process of reception and placing of tourists is: operationability, clearness and speed of registration of document.
The finishing stage of grant of basic services in and hotel is payment and departure.
With purpose of upgrading and culture of maintenance of users, and also to the competitiveness in the world market of hotel services, hotels must have not only high level to the comfort but also wide choice of additional services.
On of the method of grant additional (other) services can be requiring payment and free of charge.
To requiring payment additional services belong:
- restaurant and la carte;
- shops ( newspapers, souvenirs);
- garage;
- fitness - club;
- banquet and conference halls;
- salons of beauty;
- mini bar and service in numbers;
- services of taxi ( transfer);
- nurse;
- requiring payment television;
- tea or coffee-pot;
- and safe is in and number.
free additional services:
- storage of luggage is in the chambers;
- using pharmacy medicines;
- delivery in the number of the certificate and souvenir advertising, form envelopes and paper;
- storage of values;
- grant of filaments, needles;
- edition of certificates is about and location and mode of operations of points of domestic consumer services;.
- exchange of currency;
- rigging is for invalids;
- transport services;
- hair dryer;
- cleaning of shoe;
- and floor is the first class for corporate clients.
Робота над текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Спеціальність: Соціальна педагогіка
Generation Gap
Sometimes our parents don't understand us. They don't understand some problems and things which are very important in teens' life; for example, the lifestyles of young people, piercing, tattoos, drugs, sex, relationship with friends and teachers. So sometimes teens can't tell them about their private life. Some parents don't want to understand modern views, ideals and system of values.
Elderly people usually compare their childhood and youth with the present, and regard old times as better, always talking about "the good old days". The young people, on the other hand, tend to think their times as the best. Teens look at the world with fresh eyes. Everything is new, interesting to them. Sometimes they cannot solve their everyday problems. But they want to cope with them by themselves. So adults shouldn't prevent them from making their own mistakes.
People are said to oecome wiser with age. Sometimes it is true and sometimes it is not. I think that you can meet a wise man among the old as often as among the young. It is false that when old age wisdom has come, useless illusions have disappeared. Sometimes when we talk to adults, a monologue is a preferred form of expressing your ideas in such talks. That's why some teens don't like to talk to adults.
I think that it's in people's nature to give advice. It seems to people that giving advice they can help somebody or put somebody on the right track. But if a person takes their advice and fails, he can blame an adult all of his life. Our parents have their own ideas and views that their children don't share and understand. They think that their children won't find their place in life. They often say that now teens are very difficult to socialize with and dumpy. But children should settle all problems peacefully because they are their parents. They brought them up with loving care. And if children come to their parents for advice and help, they will do their best and help children to cope with problems and difficulties.
Vocabulary
piercing — пірсінг
tattoo — тату
relationship — відношення
view — погляд
childhood — дитинство
to regard — розглядати
to tend — мати тенденцію
to prevent — запобігати
wise — мудрий
false — неправдивий, фальшивий
wisdom — мудрість
illusion — даремна ілюзія
to disappear — зникати
preferred form — переважна форма
to express — виражати
advice — порада
right track — істинний, правильний шлях
to fail — потерпіти невдачу
to blame — звинувачувати
adult — дорослий
to socialize with — спідкуватися з
dumpy— сумний
to settle — дозволяти, врегулювати
peacefully — мирно
with loving care — з любов’ю
to do one's best — робити все можливе
to cope with — справлятися з чимось
Questions.
1. What is a generation gap?
2. Why do teens tend to think their times as the best?
3. Do you share this opinion? Why?
4. Do you always follow your parents' advice? Why?
5. Do you agree that people become wiser with age? Why? 6. Do you agree that it's in people's nature to give advice? Why? 7. Is it necessary for children to share their parents' ideas? Why?
8. Is it necessary for children to understand their parents' ideas? Why?
9. What about you?
10. Do your parents do their best and help you to cope with problems and difficulties?
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.
Future Perfect.
Future Perfect
Future Perfect виражає дію, яка здійсниться до певного моменту або до іншої дії в майбутньому.
Утворення Future Perfect
shall have -1 особа однини і множини
+ III форма основного дієслова
will have - всі інші особи однини і множини
+ III форма основного дієслова
We shall have finished our work before you come tomorrow.
They will have finished their work by 5 o'clock tomorrow.
Ex. 1. Open the brackets using Future Perfect.
1. We (to come) home by the evening tomorrow.
2. We (to finish) his project by the end of the next week?
3. She (to do) my homework by five o'clock tomorrow.
4. When I come home tomorrow, my family (to have) lunch.
5. When they (to come) to the party tomorrow, I (to cook) dinner. I (to finish) it by 5 pm.
6. If the weather is fine, we (to go) to the picnic.
7. You (to complete) the project by the end of the week?
8. What you (to do) by the end of the year?
9. What you (to make) by five o'clock tomorrow?
10. You (to finish playing) tennis by 7 pm?
11. You (to do) this project by next Friday?
Практичне заняття № 4
ТЕМА: Види готелів.
Граматичний матеріал: Повторення часів Perfect.
Читання та обговорення тексту за вказаною темою:
Different Types of Hotels
When you go to stay in a hotel there are several different considerations. One of them, of course, is price. It's not a concern for everyone, but most people are budget-conscious and can't just spend whatever they want to on accommodations. With that being the case, you'll have to determine what fits within your budget and what you can expect from a hotel in that price range. Where budget accommodations are concerned you won't pay a lot but you won't get a lot, either. Most of these hotels are older, and although they are clean there are anything but fancy. The linens and fixtures might be a bit worn and they won't have the look and feel of the higher priced hotels. You don't usually get any 'freebies,' either, although you might be treated to a simple breakfast and/or a newspaper included in the price.
Luxury hotels are a far different story from budget hotels. They cost much more, but you also get many more amenities than you would in a place where you pay considerably less. You can expect food, newspapers, free phone calls, better television channel selections, and more pampering. These hotels often have pools, spas, free room service, massages, robes and slippers, and other amenities that you wouldn't otherwise get. You are generally given whatever you ask for, within reason, and the people there carry your bags and do everything that they can to ensure that you are happy. It's very important to them that you have a good stay and that you return in the future.
A lot of people stay in middle-of-the-road hotels. These places offer much more than the budget hotels, but they don't come close to what the luxury hotels provide. You'll get some freebies there, but you won't get the pampering and the do-anything-for-you attitude that you'll get in the luxury hotels. That doesn't seem to be required, though, because these standard hotels are still very popular. It gives people the feeling that they are staying in a nice hotel without requiring them to spend such an excessive amount of money. The fixtures in these hotels will be newer than the budget hotels, as will the linens. They will be nice places overall, but they won't have the spas and free massages and other treatments that a lot of the luxury options provide. For travellers on a tight budget, these hotels might be too costly, as well.
Робота на текстом за професійним спрямуванням.
Спеціальність: Соціальна педагогіка
Understanding Boys and Girls
The education of children starts as soon as they are born. Girls wear pink and boys wear blue, boys play with guns and girls play with dolls. Boys are allowed to make more noise and cause more trouble, while girls are supposed to be more interested in talking to and understanding people. Such education prepares boys for power in the world but for little else. But all boys are different. Some boys are good at cooking and poetry whereas others are good at football or maths. Boys aren't just conformists and rebels, "machos" and "wimps". If we can assure them that all these types are OK, it may help to reduce the bullying of the children. The boys and girls can change as soon as there are other children around. They're OK when their mates aren't there. You can chat to them like normal human beings — but then their mates turn up and everything changes. They like to pretend that they're tougher than they really arc. They don't treat you as an equal any more. It's almost as if they feel there has to be a war between boys and girls.
Sometimes boys can't take anything seriously. It really is one of the most irritating things about them. People say it's because girls are more mature than boys. And another thing, boys are much noisier than girls. They are always shouting. If you get something wrong in class, they go on about it for ages and they tease out. Girls are much more supportive than boys.
But boys take criticism much more easily than girls can. Boys are more confident than girls. Boys are more competitive than girls, that is why they are better at sports than girls. They are better leaders too.
So teachers and parents should understand sex differences and the psychology of boys and girls. It will help teens understand what decent values are.
Vocabulary:
education — освіта
to allow — дозволяти
to cause — викликати
trouble — неприємність
whereas — тоді як
conformist — конформіст
rebel — бунтівник
macho — мужній, справжній чоловік
wimp — нудний, зануда
assure — переконувати
reduce — зменшувати
bully — дражнити
mate — товарищ, приятель
to chat — базікати
to turn up — з’являтися
to pretend — прикидатися, робити вигляд
tough — грубий, жорсткий
to treat — відноситись
equal — рівний
irritating — дратівливий
mature — зрілий
to shout — кричати
to go on about for ages — дуже довго говорити
to tease out — дратувати, приставати
supportive — той, що надає підтримку
confident — впевнений
sex differences — відмінності статей
competitive — конкурентоздатний
psychology — психологія
decent values — справжні цінності
Questions:
1. When does the education of children start?
2. Why is it necessary to understand sex differences and the psychology of boys and girls?
3. Do your teachers understand it?
4. What are the typical traits of boys?
5. What are the typical traits of girls?
6. What is the difference between boys and girls?
Граматичний матеріал: Повтореня часів Perfect.
Ex. 1. Open the brackets using Present Perfect or Past Indefinite.
1. We already (to read) this book.
2. The boys know that their mother never (to be) late.
3. I (to see) my teacher today.
4. She (to meet) her last Sunday.
5. He (to meet) his friend two hours ago.
6. I just (to meet) our teacher.
7. Yesterday John and Mary (to search) for a new house.
8. We already (to have) lunch and now we (to be going) to return back to work.
9. My friend (to receive) the diploma this year.
10. He (to receive) the diploma last year.
11. The rain (to stop) an hour ago.
12. The postman (to bring) the letter in the morning today.
13. The postman (to bring) the letter in the morning yesterday.
14. He (to wed) to the good girl this month.
15. He (to wed) to the good girl last month.
Ex. 2. Open the brackets using the Future Perfect Tense.
1. We (run) out of gas by noon.
2. Our President (finifh) his report by 2 o'clock.
3. I hope we (lock) through all the documents by the end of the day.
4. I think we (discover) the truth by tomorrow.
5. These articles (analyse) definitely by next week.
Ex. 3. Open the brackets using Past Simple or Past Perfect.
1. When I (to come) home, mother already (to cook) dinner.
2. When father (to return) from work, we already (to do) our homework.
3. When the teacher (to enter) the classroom, the pupils already (to open) their books.
4. Kate (to give) me the book which she (to buy) the day before.
5. Nick (to show) the teacher the picture which he (to draw).
6. The boy (to give) the goats the grass which he (to bring) from the field.
7. Mother (to see) that Nick (not to wash) his hands.
8. The teacher (to understand) that Lena (not to do) her homework.
9. When we (to come) to the station, the train already (to leave).
10. Tom (to return) from the cinema at five o'clock.
11. Tom (to return) from the cinema by five o'clock.
12. I (to finish) my homework at seven o'clock.
13. I (to finish) my homework by seven o'clock.
14. He (to think) that he (to lose) the money.
15. Ann (to tell) me that she (to see) an interesting film.