Урок 2.10

Текст A

Safety and health requirement (part I)

Meetings shall be conducted at least once a month for all supervisors on the project location and at least once a week by supervisors or foremen for all workers. Meetings shall be documented, including the date, attendance, subjects discussed and names of individual(s) who conducted the meeting. Documentation shall be maintained and copies furnished to the Government Designated Authority (GDA) on request. The GDA will be informed of all scheduled meetings in advance and be invited to attend. A hazard communication program shall be implemented. The written hazard communication program shall address, as a minimum, the following: training (to include potential safety and health effects from exposure), labeling, current inventory of hazardous chemicals on site, and the location and use of Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDSs). No person shall be required or instructed to work in surroundings or under conditions that are unsafe or dangerous to his or her health. The employer shall be responsible for initiating and maintaining a safety and health program. Each employee is responsible for complying with applicable safety and occupational health requirements, wearing prescribed safety and health equipment, reporting unsafe conditions/activities, preventing avoidable accidents, and working in a safe manner. Safety and health programs, documents, signs and tags shall be communicated to employees in a language that they understand. Worksites with non-English speaking workers shall have a person(s), fluent in the language(s) spoken and English, on site when work is being performed, to translate as needed.

Notes:

scheduled meetings плановые заседания

Material Safety Data Sheet паспорт (лист данных) безопасности материала

Ответьте на вопросы к тексту:

1. How often shall meetings be conducted for all supervisors on the project location?

2. How often shall meetings be conducted for all workers?

3. In what case shall no person be required or instructed to work?

4. What is each employee responsible for?

5. In what language shall safety and health programs, documents, signs, and tags be communicated to employees?

Упражнение №1. Переведите слова и словосочетания на русский язык.

Meeting (n.); conduct (v.); at least; supervisor (n.); attendance (n.); maintain (v.); furnish (v.); request (n.); scheduled meeting; implement (v.); exposure (n.); site (n.); use (n.); Material Safety Data Sheet; unsafe (adj.); dangerous (adj.); health (n.); employer (n.); responsible (adj.); comply (v.); equipment (n.); unsafe (adj.); prevent (v.); avoidable accident; worksite (n.); fluent (adj.).

Упражнение №2. Переведите слова и словосочетания на английский язык.

Руководитель; требования; программа; служащий; безопасность; здоровье; посещаемость (явка); предотвратимые происшествия; один раз в месяц/ неделю; ответственный.

Упражнение №3. Сопоставьте слово А с его определением В.

А

1. equipment;

2. supervisor;

3. requirement;

4. maintain;

5. fluent;

В

1. the tools, machines, clothes etc. that you need to do a particular job or activity;

2. something that must be done because of a law or rule;

3. someone who supervises a person or activity;

4. to keep a machine, building etc. in good condition by checking and repairing it regularly;

5. able to speak a language very well.

Упражнение №4. Переведите следующие предложения. Обратите внимание на префиксы с отрицательным значением.

1. Double-pipe heat exchangers well adapted to high temperature and high pressure are inexpensive and easily maintained.

2. No person shall be required or instructed to work in surroundings or under conditions that are unsafe or dangerous to his or her health.

3. A fluid or gas being used, the heat exchanger can contain dissolved inorganic salts.

4. If the amount of recirculation gases is increased too much the flame can become instable.

5. If unrealistically low allowable pressure drop is imposed, the designer is forced to use lower fluid velocities to maintain the pressure drop limitations.

6. The machine disconnected from the water circuit is put under a pressure of 25 bars.

7. Part of the dissolved salt will crystallize on the heat transfer surface.

8. Solar energy is inherently nonpolluting. It provides substantial freedom from the effects of fuel price increases, and saves valuable fossil fuels.

9. Disadvantages are that collectors perform poorly in cold cloudy weather.

Упражнение №5. Переведите следующие предложения. Определите от каких слов и с помощью каких суффиксов образованы подчеркнутые прилагательные и наречия.

1. Double-pipe heat exchangers are inexpensive and easily maintained.

2. Fire tube boilers have been used in various early forms to produce steam for industrial purposes.

3. The fire tube boiler is a special form of the shell-tube type boiler.

4. The lower temperature makes nitrogen and oxygen less reactive with each other.

5. A shell type boiler is a closed, usually cylindrical vessel that contains water.

6. Although the capacity of gas-fired boiler is considerably less than the previous discussed coal fired system, it is still more than 6 meters high, 4 meters wide and 6 meters long.

7. During the combustion process oxidation of nitrogen that is available in the supplied air is taking place.

8. Natural circulation is dependent upon the difference between two densities and the height of the drum above the bottom headers.

9. Some heat is available on partly cloudy days.

Упражнение №6. Переведите следующие предложения, обращая внимание на герундий в функции определения.

1. It is important to understand that there are six types of fouling.

2. They know a lot of types of cleaning.

3. There are many ways of classifying heat exchangers.

4. Breakage is the action of breaking something.

5. There are a lot of methods of analyzing the double pipe heat exchangers.

Упражнение №7. Найдите в тексте неличные формы глагола. Определите их функции.

Текст В

Safety and health requirement (part II)

Indoctrination and training shall be based on the safety and health program of the contractor or government agency, as applicable, and shall include but not be limited to: a) employee and supervisor responsibilities for reporting all accidents; b) provisions for medical facilities and emergency response and procedures for obtaining medical treatment or emergency assistance; c) procedures for reporting and correcting unsafe conditions or practices; d) job hazards and the means to control/eliminate those hazards, including applicable position and/or activity hazard analyses; and e) specific training as required by this manual. All visitors to contractor controlled sites hosting hazardous conditions will be briefed by a qualified person on the hazards to be expected on the site and the safety and health controls required (i.e. hard hat, foot protection, etc.). The person in charge of the site will assure that all visitors entering the site are properly protected and are wearing or provided with the appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE). Site personnel should maintain a stock of common PPE (i.e. hard hats, eye protection, ear plugs, reflective vests, etc.) for use by visitors. The site manager will provide an escort for all visitors while on site. A visitor sign-in log will be maintained on site. Safety meetings shall be conducted to review past activities, plan for new or changed operations, review pertinent aspects of appropriate AHA (by trade), establish safe working procedures for anticipated hazards, and provide pertinent safety and health training and motivation.

Notes:

hard hat шлем-каска.

Ответьте на опросы к тексту:

1. Who will all visitors to contractor controlled sites be briefed by?

2. Who will assure that all visitors entering the site are properly protected?

3. Why shall safety meetings be conducted?

Упражнение №1. Переведите слова и словосочетания на русский язык.

Employee (n.); supervisor (n.); responsibility (n.); accident (n.); provision (n.); facility (n.); emergency response; medical treatment; emergency assistance; job hazard; control (v.); eliminate (v.); applicable position; specific training; hard hat; person in charge; appropriate (adj.); protective equipment; site personnel; eye protection; ear plug; reflective vest; establish (v.); safe working procedure.

Упражнение №2. Переведите слова и словосочетания на английский язык.

Реагирование на чрезвычайную ситуацию; неотложная помощь; шлем-каска; ответственное лицо; уверять, гарантировать; защитные наушники; охрана; безопасные методы производства.

Упражнение №3. Найдите перевод слов списка А в списке В.

А	В	А	В
employee	надлежащим образом	hard hat	служащий
treatment	руководитель	escort	небезопасный
properly	устранять	responsibility	лечение
assure	условия	supervisor	гарантировать
unsafe	оборудование	conditions	шлем-каска
eliminate	ответственность	equipment	сопровождение
personnel	риск	safety	проводить
protection	должность	visitor	штат
manager	безопасность	site	обеспечивать
hazard	площадка рабочая	position	посетитель
conduct	защита	provide	менеджер

Упражнение №4. Найдите в тексте неличные формы глагола, определите их функции и переведите на русский язык.

Упражнение №5. Задайте 4 специальных вопроса к тексту В.

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