Words to Help You Understand the Passage

unemployment compensation Unemployment compensation is money paid by the government to people who have laid off from their jobs. The people collect money for a certain number of weeks or until they find new work.

minimum Minimum is the lowest possible. A minimum income would be the smallest amount of money a person can earn.

industrial Industrial describes something that has to do with manufacturing or business. An industrial country is one that has more people who work manufacturing than work on farms.

Grammar exercises.

The Present Continuous Tense	She is in her room. She is looking through the morning newspapers. They are working at this problem at present.
The Past Continuous Tense	He was working in the garden at six in the morning (when I came home, after lunch.) They were studying at the University in 1977.
The Furture Continuous Tense	I wonder what he will be doing at this time tomorrow. They will be writing their course papers in April. I can send the telegram. I 'll be passing by the post-office.

Exercise 1.

Form Participle I from the following verbs and translate them:

to tell, to send, to take, to read, to look, to put, to last, to open, to sit, to come, to walk, to sing, to reply, to die, to lie, to offer.

Exercise 2.

Read and translate the following sentences, paying attention to the functions of Participle I.

1. The speaking man is our teacher.

2. Going to the University I met my friend.

3. Being in Astana she visited us.

4. The man reading at the window is my friend from London.

5. I saw playing boys in my garden.

6. I don't like people speaking very loud.

Exercise 3.

Use the verbs in Present Continuous Tense.

1. I write a letter.

2. Richard walks to school.

3. My father works in his garden.

4. The book lies on the table.

5. The gardener cuts down.

6. Shopkeepers tie up the parcels.

Exercise 4.

Use sentences in Present Continuous or Present Simple.

Example: (play) Elizabeth plays the piano well. She is playing it now.

1. (drive) my father _____ to his office every day. He _____ there now.

2. (speak) he generally _____ Greek, but he ____ English today.

3. (make) mother _____ toast in the kitchen just now. She usually_____ toast for breakfast.

4. (strike) Listen, the clock_____. Count the strokes.

Exercise 5.

Translate parts of sentences paying attention to the functions of

Participle I.

1. The student translating the text is ... .

2. The translating student... .

3. Translating the text the student ... .

4. The student is translating the text... .

5. Going along the street I ... .

6. He is going along the street... .

7. The man going along the street... .

Exercise 6.

Use correct form of, "to be".

1. Where ... you going? – I ... going to the supermarket.

2. I ... thinking about the dress I saw in the shop window yesterday.

3. We ... going to be late. The shop will be closed.

4. ... you going to the baker' s? Buy a loaf of bread for me, please.

5. We ... driving too fast and didn't see the traffic lights.

6. He ... choosing an umbrella too long but didn't buy any.

7. While my mother ... paying for the things I bought a bar chocolate for myself.

8. I hope it ... not ... raining tomorrow. It's our shopping day.

9. He ... celebrating his birthday tomorrow. Let's go and buy him some present.

10. What ... you looking for? – I ... trying to find a Christmas present for my wife.

Exercise 7.

Read the text a) retell it; b) retell it in the Past, begin with "Yesterday I attended...".

We are at an English wedding. The bride, the groom, the relatives and the quests are standing outside the house. The bride is wearing a long white dress and is having some blue flowers in her left hand. The groom is wearing a traditional morning suit and is having a top hat in his right hand. They are all smiling, because they are very happy. In a few minutes they are going to get into a Rolls- Royce and drive to a restaurant for celebration.

At the restaurant they are going to eat a big cake and drink champagne. Then they will be opening all their presents. Some people will be making speeches and both of the mothers will be crying. The guest will be dancing, telling jokes, singing songs and wishing the bride and the groom happiness. They are going to be happy for ever and ever and have a lot of children.