III. Дайте відповіді на запитання до тексту:

1. How is the science of Economics defined?

2. What kinds of agricultural goods do you know?

3. What kinds of manufactured goods do you know?

4. What kinds of services do people usually provide?

5. What social sciences do you know?

6. Do you study any of them at the Institute?

7. What is Economics concerned with?

8. Docs the science of Economics pretend to tell what ought to be?

9. What famous economists do you know?

10. Who must make decision in respect of further economic development?

IV. Складіть план переказу тексту англійською мовою.

V. Перекажіть текст англійською мовою, використовуючи ключові слова:

economics, production of wealth, consumption, goods and services, a society, to earn one's living, social science, material needs and wants, unemployment, inflation.

The Economic Reforms in Ukraine

І. Ознайомтесь зі словами та словосполученнями до тексту:

comparable - порівнянний

advantage - перевага

black soil - чорнозем

consumer market - споживчий ринок

due to - завдяки, через

inappropriate - невідповідний

raw materials - сировина

fuel supply - постачання пального

disruptive - руйнівний

to carty out - здійснювати; виконувати

coherent program - узгоджена програма

to attract - залучати

without sacrificing - без ушкодження

to implement - втілювати; впроваджувати

II. Прочитайте і перекладіть текст "The Economic Reforms in Ukraine":

Ukraine is a country comparable in geographical size and population to Italy and France. The country has a lot of advantages, such as: a strategic geographical position, mild climate, black soil suitable for agriculture. Ukraine is rich in mineral resources: coal, iron ore, manganese, chalk, etc. It has a large consumer market, highly educated labor force, developed heavy industry and transport system, scientific potential.

But the Ukrainian economy is in a critical position now. This is due to the fact that the economy of Ukraine was not oriented towards satisfying its national interests. The pricing policy was basically inappropriate because the prices for raw materials and fuel supply were very low. They did not stimulate their rational use and the introduction of high technology to industry. The break-up of the inter republic links of the former Soviet Union had a disruptive effect on the Ukrainian national economy.

The Ukrainian economy needs reforming as well as external assistance in tackling its economic problems. Some of the main lines of the economic reforms are: to close down inefficient enterprises and to invest in new industries, especially export-oriented; to carry out a coherent program of privatization; to stimulate exports; to reduce total energy consumption; to attract Western investments without sacrificing traditional interests and links with Russia and the CIS; to educate and train a new generation of managers and economists who have the ability to implement market reforms at all levels.

Structural economic reforms require a stable macro-economic framework and the control of inflation.