II. Choose the appropriate word to complete each of the following sentences

1. The gaseous metal is put in a closed container and cooled so that it ________ into liquid.

a) compresses b) condenses c) contracts d) concentrates

2. He ________ the company in half, and then sold both new companies to different buyers.

a) cracked b) broke c) separated d) split

3. A black widow spider has a ________ red marking on its stomach.

a) distinct b) typical c) exotic d) distinctive

4. Fire quickly ________ through the building.

a) dispersed b) diffused c) spread d) expanded

5. Microtubules are long filaments formed from 13 strands of a globular subunit called tubulin, with the strands arranged in the form of a ________ cylinder.

a) empty b) hollow c) void d) vacant

6. As solvent ________ through the membrane, the increase in volume causes the diaphragm to move.

a) permeases b) diffuses c) scatters d) dilutes

7. Behind the factory is a machine that ________ old cars into blocks of scrap metal.

a) wraps b) abridges c) coils d) compresses

8. Seventeenth-century advances in biology ________ the establishment of scientific societies for the dissemination of ideas and progress in the development of the microscope.

a) made up b) included c) contained d) composed

9. The clouds ________ as quickly as they had gathered.

a) diffused b) dissolved c) dispersed d) spread

10. Stan's dad died, leaving his mother to ________ three sons alone.

a) breed b) raise c) rise d) bring out

11. He explained the plan in ________ detail.

a) small b) fine c) minute d) microscopic

12. The bell ________ after many years of use.

a) cracked b) split c) broke d) divided

13. The problems were caused by changing climate and ________ sea levels.

a) rising b) raising c) raised d) risen

14. In Lake Erie, water snakes form ________ populations — snakes that live on the rock islands in the lake, and others that live in the vegetation close to the shore.

a) distinguished b) distinctive c) distinct d) diverse

15. In winter, parts of Northern Canada can only be ________ by plane.

a) reached b) obtained c) achieved d) received

16. Because life comes only from preexisting life, it is only through reproduction that ________ generations can carry on the properties of a species.

a) successful b) successive c) subsequent d) following

17. Aristotle believed that the ________ living world could be described as a unified organization rather than as a collection of diverse groups.

a) complete b) every c) full d) entire

18. The book is an ________ account of his experiences in India before Independence.

a) abridged b) contorted c) compressed d) compact

19. In spite of the classical basis, a significant amount of Albertus Magnus’s works ________ new observations and facts; for example, he described with great accuracy the leaf anatomy and venation of the plants he studied.

a) included b) consisted of c) constituted d) contained

20. Carbon from atmospheric carbon dioxide is incorporated by plants and ________ into carbohydrates through the process of photosynthesis.

a) converted b) modified c) changed d) altered