Вариант 5

1. Прочтите и переведите текст CONCRETE (II)

Concrete is considered to be a universal material for construction. Concrete may be considered an artificial conglomerate of crushed stone, gravel or similar inert material with a mortar which has the capacity of hardening into a rocklike mass. The main property that makes concrete so popular is that it can be formed into strong monolithic slabs. Another good quality is its relatively low cost. Besides, concrete is known to be fire- and decay-resistant.

Concrete is produced by combining coarse and fine aggregates, Port­land cement and water. Coarse aggregate is generally gravel or crushed stone, and fine aggregate is sand. Cement, sand, gravel, and water are taken in proportional amounts and mixed. The quality of concrete depends mostly on the quality of the cement used. The process of production consists in pouring the mixed components into forms and holding them there until they harden. The process of hardening generally lasts for about 28 days.

Concrete, as any other building material, has not only advantages but also disadvantages. Its main disadvantage is that it has no form of its own. Also, it does not possess useful tensile strength. Because of these qualities, in modern times construction concrete is very frequently combined with different metals. Most common of them are iron and steel.

The introduction of metal into the structure of concrete is highly advan­tageous. It strengthens the material and helps to realize its limitless construc­tion and architectural potential. It should be noted that the use of ferro-concrete started only in the nineteenth century and is still gaining popularity.

II. Ответьте на следующий вопрос:

What are disadvantages of concrete?

C O N T E N T S

Контрольное задание 5……………………………………………….............................3

Бессоюзное подчинение (43)..............................................................................................3

Причастие I (44)...................................................................................................................3

Сложные формы причастия (45)........................................................................................4

Причастие II (46)..................................................................................................................5

Функции слова as (47)........................................................................….............................6

Функции герундия (48).......................................................................................................7

Задания для самостоятельной работы………………………………….........................10

Тексты для чтения для 2 курса (4 семестр)…………………………………………11

XVIII. BINDING MATERIALS………………………………………………………….11

XIX. CEMENT…………………………………………………………............................14

XX. CONCRETE…………………………………………………………………………17

XXI. CONCRETE AND REINFORCED CONCRETE………………………………….20

XXII. TYPES OF CONCRETE…………………………………………………………..25

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ 5………………………………………………….27

ВАРИАНТ 1……………………………………………………………………………...28

ВАРИАНТ 2……………………………………………………………………………...30

ВАРИАНТ 3……………………………………………………………………………...32

ВАРИАНТ 4……………………………………………………………………………...34

ВАРИАНТ 5……………………………………………………………………………...36

КОНТРОЛЬНОЕ ЗАДАНИЕ 6………………………………………………….38

ВАРИАНТ 1……………………………………………………………………………...38

ВАРИАНТ 2……………………………………………………………………………...39

ВАРИАНТ 3……………………………………………………………………………...40

ВАРИАНТ 4……………………………………………………………………………...41

ВАРИАНТ 5……………………………………………………………………………...42

Редактор Н.П. Романова

Лицензия ЛР № 020525 от 02.06.97 г.

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Читинский государственный университет