Interviews with voters at a polling place in Kiev on Sunday hinted at the level of discontent with the country’s direction.
Many people said they had once been Orange supporters, and had hoped that the leadership in the past five years would chart a path toward integration with Europe.
Artur Kulish, 27, who works at an Internet cafe, said he pulled the lever for “against all,” which is allowed under election law.
“I dislike them all equally,” Mr. Kulish said. “None of them is going to change anything. And I very much regret supporting the Orange Revolution.”
People complained about the government’s inability to address the fallout of the global financial crisis, which has hurt Ukraine more than many of its neighbors.
Ukraine, which has 46 million people, has been a focal point of the struggle for influence in post-Soviet space. It has long been divided, with Ukrainian speakers in western regions wanting ties to Europe and Russian speakers in the east and south more sympathetic to Moscow.
President Yushchenko is an antagonist of the Kremlin, which was angered by his efforts to join NATO.
Mr. Yanukovich and Ms. Tymoshenko have both indicated that they will try to smooth relations with Russia while continuing to court Europe. Neither has called for Ukraine to join NATO.
Interviews of voters showed the geographic split.
Irina Matseva and her husband, Sergey, who are both 62 and scientists, said they supported Mr. Yanukovich because they were appalled by Mr. Yushchenko’s attitude toward Russia. Ms. Matseva said the two countries had profound historical ties.
“I do not want us to lose each other — Ukraine and Russia,” Ms. Matseva said. “I think that to spurn Russian culture is a big mistake.”
Nearby was Yekaterina Romashchenko, 42, who said she voted for Mr. Yushchenko.
“Yanukovich will sell us to Russia,” she said. “We don’t want history to repeat itself.”
СЛОВА К ЭКЗАМЕНУ/ТЕСТУ
Demographic crisis in Russia
The Census Bureau – Бюро переписи населения
population census – перепись населения
Baby boom – резкое увеличение рождаемости, всплеск рождаемости
Decline in birthrate - сокращение рождаемости
Increase in population – увеличение численности населения
Decline in population – снижение прироста населения, убыль населения
Fertility rate – коэффициент рождаемости
Childbearing age – детородный возраст, репродуктивный возраст
Infertility rate – показатель неплодородности, неплодовитости
Birth rate – показатель рождаемости, рождаемость
Death rate – показатель смертности, смертность
The replacement level - уровень восстановления, достаточный для восстановления естественной убыли населения (рождаемость и смертность)
Male/female life expectancy – средняя продолжительность жизни мужчин/женщин
The living standards – жизненный уровень
To promote childbirth – стимулировать рождаемость
Maternity benefit - пособие по беременности и родам, пособие по материнству
Childbearing subsidy – пособие на ребенка (материнское пособие)
Тerrorism
The Special Rapid Response Detachment – Специальный отряд быстрого реагирования
The Special Purpose Police Unit – Отряд милиции особого назначения
Intelligence Agencies – спецслужбы
terrorist network – разветвленная террористическая сеть
Explosive – взрывчатое вещество
Stuffed with explosives – начиненный взрывчаткой
blast, explosion – взрыв
Suicide bomber – террорист-смертник
Hijacker – террорист, захвативший заложников
Skyjacker, hijacker – угонщик самолета
Hostage – заложник
Hostage taking – захват заложников
Terrorist attack – террористический акт
Militant, gunman, insurgent – боевик
mercenary – наемник
Armed gang – вооруженная банда
intelligence information – разведданные
interrogation methods – методы допроса
a crackdown – жесткие, суровые меры
partisan – партизан, партизанский
to claim the responsibility – брать на себя ответственность
reprisals - репрессии
a rebel – повстанец
insurgency – волнения, беспорядки
self-proclaimed republic – самопровозглашенная республика