1.6. Вивчення тексту за фахом. Типи і види комп’ютерів.

Тема	Kinds of computers
Граматика	Інфінітив. Основні властивості інфінітиву у реченні.
Самостійна робота № 4	Технічний переклад та переказ тексту за фахом: «Комп’ютери у сучасному суспільстві»

Вправа 1

Вивчіть лексику за фахом на память:

Mainframe - універсальна ЕОМ;

at the rate - у розмірі;

complicate - затрудняти;

predictions - прогнозування;

range - совокупність;

storage space - область пам’яті;

desktop - настільний;

роrtable - портативний.

Вправа 2

Прочитайте та перекладіть текст:

Kinds of Computer

There are four main kinds of computer: super-computers, mainframes, minicomputers, and microcomputers.

Supercomputers are the largest, fastest, and most powerful computers. There are only a few hundred of them in the world. They consist of several processors, each of which can work on a different part of a task at the same time and at the rate of millions of instructions per second. They are used for extremely compli­cated calculations, usually for scientific and military purposes. Weather forecasting, where a mass of data has to be processed quickly, is a good example of where a super­computer can be helpful. Data on tempera­ture, pressure, wind speed and direction, rain­fall, and cloud cover is collected from a large number of observation sites and weather sat­ellites. The computer sorts the information, compares it with data in its memory, and makes predictions.

Mainfranies are large, powerful, general-purpose computers with a wide range of input, output, processing, and storage facilities. Like supercomputers they usually require special air-conditioned rooms. A typical mainframe computer will be found in a big organization such as a large company or government department. It will be run by several people and will be used to keep records of such things as staff salaries and accounts. Mainframes carry out different jobs at the same time by witching rapidly from one to another and doing a little bit of each at a time.

The versions of mainframes are found in smaller organizations and can be operated by one or two people. Typical mini-system might have 50 terminals and a few printers. It will have a large amount of storage space.

Microcomputers (micros) are the smallest computers. They are cheap, relatively slow, have limited memory compared with other computers. Microcomputer's CPU fits on to a single small chip. They are used in schools, at home, or in small businesses. There are millions of them in use.

Micros can be divided into two categories: desktop and portable. Desktop computers are usually known as personal computers (PCs) and are particularly useful for routine busi­ness work, for example, word processing and data management. They can work on their own or be linked together to form a net­work.

Small, home micros are usually cheaper than business micros, and are very often used for playing computer games. Micros are now small enough to carry around.

Вправа 3

Складіть по 3 питання до кожного абзацу тексту:

Вправа 4

Виразіть згоду чи незгоду з твердженнями:

1. There are 5 kinds of computer supercomputer, minicomputer, microcomputer ,mainframe and notebook (NO)

2. Supercomputers are the largest, fastest and the most powerful computers(YES)

3. A typical mainframe computer will be found in a big organization such as a large company or government department (YES)

4. Supercomputers can be divided into two categories: desktop and portable (NO MICROS…)

5. Microcomputers might have 50 terminals and a few printers (YES)

6. Mainframes are cheap, relatively slow, and have limited memory compared with other computers (NO)

Вправа 5

Прочитайте та перекладіть текст: