Code-mixing and code-switching in ukraine

In no other time in history has one language influenced or threatened other languages and cultures as the English language has been doing in a relatively short span of time.

It has been estimated that around half the world´s population is bilingual and very often when the speaker wants to stand out among other people he or she replaces the words in the original language by their equivalents in another one. And it is code-mixing and code-switching which refer to the phenomenon that speakers shift from one language to the other during communication.

Code-mixing and code-switching is a colourful feature of bilingual societies and individuals. "Code" refers to any distinct languages or dialects. There are differences between code-switching and code-mixing: a) code-mixing is the case when people incorporate small units (words or short phrases) from one language or dialect to another one. It is often unintentional and is on word level; b) code-switching is when people (particularly bilinguals or multilinguals) intentionally switch from one language or dialect to another due to factors such as situations, subject, feeling and sense of belonging. It is often well-motivated and is on phrase or sentence level.

Bilinguals or multilinguals are more capable for code-switching, as they have rich knowledge in certain languages.

According to the data of a survey conducted in school 1 in Gnivan the main reasons for such a phenomenon are: a) fashion; b) a strong desire to demonstrate one’s bilingualism or multilingualism; c) Mass Media; d) globalization. Thus, according to the ideas mentioned above, this process leads to the deformation of semantic and syntactic constructions of the Ukrainian language, it breaks clarity, purity and harmony of our mother tongue. Therefore, one should be very careful with such a switching behavior in order to preserve and foster the further development of the Ukrainian language.

Nadiia Lytvynchuk

Advantages and disadvantages of distance education

The term distance learning or open and distance learning, as it is most frequently used, represents an approach that focuses on opening access to education and training provision, freeing learners from the constraints of time and place, and offering flexible learning opportunities to individuals and groups of learners. Open and distance learning is one of the most rapidly growing fields of education.

The fact shows that most online students are successfully complete their degree program but 40% of them failed. Most of online students are pursuing their degree online because they are seeing many advantages of online education that can benefits them but the 40% - do not aware of the disadvantages of online education that because their failure.

So, scientists name such advantages and disadvantages of distance learning:

Distance Learning Advantages:

• Flexibility, you can fit the program into your schedule as you see fit ;

• You can have a job without compromising missing work for class or vice versa ;

• Eliminates commute time and time away from home ;

• Program options are not limited by a geographic location ;

• You can learn at your own speed taking as long or as little time as you like ;

• Increased familiarization with technology ;

• Can increase your comfort with participation that would otherwise be inhibited by the presence of others in a traditional class room.

Distance Learning Disadvantages:

• Lack of discipline to follow through with course curriculum ;

• Dishonesty among online students ;

• Unforeseen technical difficulties with equipment (computers, printers, software etc.) ;

• Lack of human interaction ;

• Lack of social channels provided by traditional schools.