Практическое занятие №12 Тема: Условия страхования грузов на транспорте

Insurance conditions of cargo on the transport

Цель занятия: ознакомление с основными условиями страхования грузов, применяемых на транспорте при международной перевозке грузов.

Страхование грузов стало неотъемлемой частью процесса перевозки грузов, поскольку позволяет грузовладельцу обезопасить себя от возможного ущерба, который может быть причинен грузу во время его транспортировки.

На практике различают несколько видов страхования грузов, которые покрывают те или иные риски. Сюда относятся:

- полное страхование грузов, с ответственностью страховщика за все риски;

- страхование груза с ответственностью страховщика за полную гибель груза или его повреждение;

- страхование груза с ответственностью страховщика только за гибель груза в случае его крушения (как правило, из страховки в этом случае исключаются частные аварии).

Text 1. What is cargo insurance?

Cargo insurance is an insurance policy taken up to protect against loss of or damage to your goods while they are being transported.

The policy is meant to indemnify you if there is any loss or damage to your cargo. Cargo insurance would cover the goods while they are being transported over sea, air and land (includes parcel post and carryings by courier service).

Although the term "marine cargo insurance" is sometimes used, it actually includes cover for the land transit commencing from the moment the goods leave the storage until they arrive at the final warehouse.

All cargo being transported should be insured. Whether travelling via air, sea or over land, the cargo is under threat of the transportation device being involved in an accident or being stolen and the cargo been lost as a result. If you arrange your cargo through a freight forwarder, it is still worthwhile to compare the rates they charge you for insurance versus the rates you would be charged directly. Most often, taking your own insurance will save you on the costs of importing and exporting. 

How much insurance does freight owner need to buy? The standard practice is to cover the invoice cost plus freight plus a percentage to cover the anticipated profit (normally 10% to 20% is adequate).

The largest shipment anticipated with the added freight and the percentage of advance added is normally the policy limit.

The shipments can be reported monthly to the Company and billed at the end of each month, so unlike property policies, the cargo policy can be issued on a "pay-as-you-go" basis.

Cargo insurance is much different than other liability or property policies, the scope is international and the extensions of coverage available are specific to the industry and broader than other lines of insurance.

An example of an extension that is unobtainable in other lines of business is War Risk Coverage.

The "cargo insurance" is international and all coverages have been created to give the innocent shipper or importer the broadest protection available from most external causes of loss.

VOCABULARY

1. indemnify – освободить, обезопасить, компенсировать, возмещать;

2. parcel post – почтовая служба;

3. warehouse – товарный склад;

4) freight forwarder – экспедитор, транспортно-экспедиционная компания;

5) pay-as-you-go – оплата счетов в определенный срок;

6) liability – обязательство, ответственность;

7) broad – широкий, обширный.

Text 2. Transport insurance of goods

The financial losses hazard exists during any transportation regardless of the terms of the agreement concluded with the carrier.

Insured objects:

• Any types of goods and products transported by all types of vehicles throughout the world;

• Transport and overhead costs associated with the transportation;

• Expected profit from product realization at the place of destination.

Insurance protection:

With liability for all the risks. Insurance events include: damage, complete destruction or loss of the whole or part of the cargo, accident caused by any reason, and:

expenses and charges associated with the overall accident;

all the necessary and reasonably incurred costs associated with cargo rescue, оr reducing and establishing the extent of losses, if the damage is compensated on insurance terms.

With liability for private accidents. Insurance events include:

damage, complete destruction or loss of the whole or part of the cargo as a result of fire, lightning, storm, tornado and other natural disasters, wreck or collision of vessels, planes or other carriers with each other or immobile or floating objects, vessel stranding, bridge collapse, explosion, vessel damage caused by ice, wetting by overboard water as well as measures taken for the rescue of the cargo or extinguishing of the fire;

cargo loss as a result of transportation vehicle loss;

damage, complete destruction or loss of the whole or part of the cargo as a result of an accident during the loading, packing or unloading of cargoes and fueling;

expenses and charges associated with the overall accident;

all the necessary and reasonably incurred costs associated with cargo rescue, оr reducing and establishing the extent of losses, if the damage is compensated on insurance terms.

Without liability for damage excluding the event of wreck. Insurance events include:

damage, complete destruction or loss of the whole or part of the cargo as a result of fire, lightning, storm, tornado and other natural disasters, wreck or collision of vessels, planes or other carriers with each other or immobile or floating objects, vessel stranding, bridge collapse, explosion, vessel damage caused by ice, wetting by overboard water as well as measures taken for the rescue of the cargo or extinguishing of the fire;

cargo loss as a result of transportation vehicle loss;

complete destruction or loss of the whole or part of the cargo as a result of an accident during the loading, packing or unloading of cargoes and fueling;

damage to cargo caused by the wreck or collision of vessels, planes or other carriers with each other or immobile or floating objects (including ice), vessel stranding, fire or explosion on the vessel, plane or any other transportation vehicle;

expenses and charges associated with the overall accident;

all the necessary and reasonably incurred costs associated with cargo rescue, оr reducing and establishing the extent of losses, if the damage is compensated on insurance terms.

The insurance period includes the complete period of transportation from one warehouse to the other:

• starts from the moment of cargo acceptance from the warehouse at the starting point, continues during the whole transportation (including transshipment, shiftment and intermediate warehousing at transshipment and shiftment areas) and ends at the moment of cargo delivery to the recipient’s warehouse or any other final landing indicated in the insurance policy.

• The policy is valid at the moment of cargo presence at exhibitions and auctions.

Factors affecting the insurance premium rate:

• Insurance terms;

• Cargo classification;

• Cargo packing;

• Transportation routes;

• Transportation methods;

• Transportation load;

• Availability of cargo security guards.

Insurance terms:

• The agreement can be concluded for a single transportation or long-term transportation insurance.

• Insurance agreement amounts are indicated in rubles or foreign currency. Insurance compensation for damaged, lost or destroyed cargo is paid in the currency of the insurance premium.

• The period of consideration and compensation for the claims does not exceed 30 days as of the receipt of all the necessary documents.

Практическое задание: на основе изученного материала на занятии выполнить письменный перевод ниже представленного текста .

Insurance of the goods. German Freight Forwarders' Standard Terms and Conditions (ADSp)

21.1 The freight forwarder arranges for the insurance of the goods (e.g., transit or

warehousing insurance) with an insurer of his choice if instructed to do so by the

principal before the goods are handed over.

If the freight forwarder cannot effect insurance cover, either due to the nature of the goods or for any other reason, he must inform the principal without delay.

21.2 The freight forwarder is entitled, but not obliged, to effect the insurance of the goods if this is in the interest of the principal. The freight forwarder may assume that the insurance cover is in the interest of the principal, especially when,

- the freight forwarder effected insurance cover for previous freight forwarding

instructions

- the principal declared the value of the goods in his freight forwarding instructions

(3.4).

This assumption for the arrangement of insurance cover may not be made if

- the principal expressly forbids such insurance cover

- the principal is a freight forwarder, carrier or warehousing company.

21.3 The freight forwarder, after due consideration decides the type and scope of the insurance and arranges the cover at the usual market rates, unless the principal

instructs the freight forwarder differently, specifying the insured sum and the risks to be covered, in writing.

21.4 If the freight forwarder is himself the insurance policy holder and if he acted for the account of the principal he is obliged, if requested to do so, he is obliged to provide information about this in accordance with 14.1. In such a case the freight forwarder is obliged to invoice the premium for each freight forwarding instruction individually, to document it and to pay it to the insurer exclusively for this insurance cover.

21.5 The freight forwarder is entitled to a spezial fee, apart from his reimbursements, for arranging the insurance, handling claims and other administrative tasks in connection with claims and averages.

Рейтинговая система оценки выполнения практического задания №8 заключается в следующем: перевод текста – 3 балла. Всего 3 балла.

Контрольные вопросы к практическому занятию № 9:

1. What is cargo insurance?

2. What does cargo insurance cover?

3. What does term “marine cargo insurance” mean?

4. How much insurance does freight owner need to buy?

5. What factors does affect the insurance premium rate?

6. What insured objects do you know?

7. What types of insurance are used on the transport?

8. Whether it necessary to insure part-load consignment during the international cargoes transportation and why?