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- •Белорусский государственный университет Кафедра английского языка гуманитарных факультетов
- •Абрамчик е.Ф., Поваляева в.Н., Турляй л.П., Козел л.А.
- •History as a Science
- •Preview
- •Text 1. Understanding History
- •Text 2. How do We Know?
- •Text 3. Examining Archaeology
- •Text 4. Museum – Source of Knowledge and Impressions
- •Polydialogue. The University-wide Open Days
- •The usefulness of archives
- •Video. Dartmoor National Park
- •Vocabulary
- •Follow-up
- •Vocabulary
- •Follow-up
- •Vocabulary
- •Before you view
- •Vocabulary
- •Comprehension tasks
- •Follow-up
- •Writing tasks
- •Finally …
- •Unit 2 first steps toward civilization
- •Text 1. The Early Accomplishments of Homo sapiens
- •Text 2. Setting the Stage for Civilization: The Origins of Food Production
- •Text 3. The Gradual Transition From Food Gathering To Food Production
- •Text 4. The Transition to a Sedentary Way of Life
- •Ex. 1. Translate the text into English.
- •Unit III classical civilization. Ancient greek culture
- •Text 1. The ancient Greeks
- •Text 2. The Evolution of Democracy
- •Text 3. Sparta and Athens
- •Text 4. The Age of Pericles
- •The economy of Athens
- •Text 5. Religions and sports festivals
- •Text 6. Greek Drama
- •Text 7. The Spread of Greek Culture
- •The Golden age of Greek Theatre
- •The tragedy form
- •Александрия
- •Unit IV ancient rome and its socio-political development. The roman empire
- •Text 1. The Rise Of The Republic
- •Text 2. Overseas Expansion
- •Text 3. The Fall Of The Roman Republic
- •Text 4. Greece and Rome
- •The Birth of Rome
- •Text 5. The Early Empire
- •Text 6. Social Rank in the Empire
- •Text 7. The Roman Economy
- •Rich and Poor
- •Золотой век
- •Unit V rome and the christians
- •Text 1. The Early Christians
- •Text 2. Rome and the Christians
- •Text 3. The Decline of Rome
- •Text 4. The Fall Of Rome
- •The Causes of the Fall
- •Христианство
- •Unit VI the middle ages
- •Text 1. The Middle Ages. Their Classification and General Characteristics.
- •Text 2. Byzantine and Its Influence on Neighboring Countries
- •In the Field of Learning and Religion
- •Text 3. Medieval Europe
- •Text 4. The Spirit of the Renaissance
- •Features of Renaissance Art
- •Ex. 2. Translate the text into English. Феодальная система в Западной и Центральной Европе
- •Discussion
- •Text 1. Primordial Belarus – From Forest Tribes to the Decline of Polatsk
- •Text 2. The Development and Flourishing of Great Lithuania
- •Text 3. Belarus after Vitaut: its Golden Age and Decline
- •Text 4. Belarus after the Third Division of Rech Paspalitaya
- •Dialogue Travelling Broadens the Mind
- •B. Some old and Rare Books in the Francisk Skaryna Library in London
- •Part III
- •Britain
- •Preview
- •Reading Text 1. Primitive Society on the territory of the British Isles
- •The Earliest Men
- •The Celts
- •The Primitive Communal System
- •Word Check
- •Comprehension
- •Text 2. The British Empire
- •Text 3. Economic and Social Changes
- •In England in the 18th and 19th Centuries
- •Text 4. Modern Britain. Stability and Change.
- •Rich and Poor
- •Unit II american continet:
- •Its first civilizations and colonies.
- •Text 1. From Early People to Colonies.
- •Text 2. Colonization of America. War For Independence
- •Discussion
- •Text 3. Constitution. Bill of Rights.
- •Comprehension
- •Word Check
- •Ex. 2. Discuss which of them one can find in a) democratic society
- •Text 2. The European Union Read the text and say in a few words the main points of the text
- •Text 3. United Nations Read the text and assimilate its information
- •Security Council.
- •Translation
- •Unit II outstanding people
- •Text 1. The “Father of History”
- •Text 2. Alexander the Great and his Influence
- •Text 3. Elizabeth I.
- •Text 4. John Fitzerald Kennedy.
- •Contents
B. Some old and Rare Books in the Francisk Skaryna Library in London
When the Francisk Skaryna Byelorusian Library in London was opened on 15 may 1971, it contained about 10,000 books, dealing directly or indirectly with Byelorussia. In particular during the last years the Library has succeeded in building up a small collection of early printed books, i.e. books published before 1800.
The oldest of these early printed books is a small fragment of the Francis Skaryna Bible. It consists of two sheets printed in Prague in 1518. An interesting point to note about this fragment is that it has never been part of a bound book. It is not unique, for there are two fragments identical with it in Cambridge, one at the University Library and the other at Trinity College.
One of the most important Byelorussian early-printed books is Statut Velikoho Knjazstva Litovskogo, the first printed code of civil and criminal law in the Byelorussian language. Promulgated in 1588, it was printed in Vilna by the well-known printing press of the Mamonic brothers who used for this purpose a particular and elegant typeface of a design based on contemporary Byelorussian cursive handwriting. The Statut appeared in three Byelorussian editions – in 1588, 1592 and 1594-95, - which differ from each other only in minute details. The Francis Skaryna Library copy is the third edition. It is a defective copy, having only 10 out of 40 initial unnumbered ff., and lacking the first two pages and all pages after p.492 (out of total of 554) of the main text. Also missing are a few pages in the middle of the book. Nevertheless it appears to be the only copy of this particular edition of the Statut in the West. The University Library in Uppsala has a near-perfect copy of the first edition of 1588.
Early in the 17th century Statut was translated into Polish under the title Statut Wielkiego Xiestwa Litewskiego. The Francis Skaryna Library has a copy of the 1619 edition, printed also in Vilna by the Mamonic Press. It is bound together with a copy of Trybunal obywatelom W.X.Litowskiego (Vilna, Mamonic press, 1616).
The next book is an example of the printing of the Orthodox confraternity of the Holy Spirit in Vilna. It is Novyj Zavet of 1623, and is one of the ‘pocket editions’ (format 80) for the use of laymen, which became very popular in Byelorussia in the 17th century. Its contents consist of the Psalter and the New Testament, preceded by a dedicatory article to the confraternity’s benefactor, Theodorite Sapieha, together with an introduction to the reader. There are fine wood engravings of the evangelists and original designs of initial letters, printed in red, at the beginning of each Gospel. The Francis Skaryna Library copy lacks all the introductory part and the Psalter. There is a perfect copy of this book in the British Library (formerly the British Museum).
Part III
Unit I
Britain
Preview
What stage of social development were people living in Britain at in comparison with the ancient civilizations?
How did we get our information about primitive man?
What tribes inhabited ancient Britain?
What brought about important changes in the living conditions of primitive man?