- •Unit 1 My Future Speciality.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Reading.
- •My speciality
- •III. Language.
- •IV. Oral Practice.
- •V. Reading and Comprehension.
- •The Revolution in Textile Industry
- •VI. Reading and Writing.
- •Flannelette and Jean
- •VII. Supplementary reading. Efficiency of Using Waste after Flax and Hemp Processing
- •Unit 2 Cotton.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Reading.
- •III. Comprehension.
- •IV. Oral Practice.
- •V. Reading.
- •Unit 3 History of Cotton.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •It was … that / who … (which are translated as: саме, як раз , тільки, власне) and translate them into Ukrainian. Pay attention to the translation of some sentences.
- •II. Reading.
- •The History of Cotton
- •III. Comprehension.
- •Batiste
- •VI. Comprehension.
- •VII. Oral Practice.
- •Unit 4 Flax.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Reading.
- •Flax. Fiber Flax.
- •III. Language.
- •IV. Oral Practice.
- •V. Reading and comprehension.
- •Flax. Seed Flax.
- •VI. Oral Practice.
- •VII. Reading and Comprehension.
- •New Economical Technology for Cottonized Flax Fiber Preparation
- •First Method.
- •Parameters of flax fibre processed with the first method.
- •Second Method.
- •VIII. Reading and writing.
- •Quality in Flax Production and Processing.
- •IX. Supplementary reading. Assessment of Quality
- •Unit 5 Processing of Flax.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Reading.
- •Processing of Flax
- •III. Language.
- •VI. Oral Practice.
- •V. Reading and comprehension.
- •VI. Oral Practice.
- •VII. Listening and Comprehension.
- •Preset State of Flax and Hemp
- •VIII. Reading and Writing.
- •A New Method of Cottonising
- •IX. Supplementary reading.
- •About New Technology of Processing of Fibre Flax
- •The method of Termolysis Processing for Scutched Flax Fibre.
- •Unit 6 Properties of Textile Fibres.
- •I. Vocabulary.
- •II. Reading.
- •The Characteristics of Textile Fibers Part I
- •Cotton and Flax Part II
- •III. Vocabulary.
- •IV. Comprehension.
- •V. Oral Practice.
- •It seems to me …
- •In my opinion …
- •It is really so …
VI. Oral Practice.
Exercise 14. Comment on the following statement:
Bleaching rove bobbins using H2O2 alone is not well suited for rove processing.
Exercise 15. Name the main methods of flax processing.
V. Reading and comprehension.
Exercise 16. Read Text B. Translate it and compare your translation with the one given below.
Paracetic acid is a long established bleaching agent for protein. It is because of its ability to dissolve sprit present on fibre.
Paracetic acid is used for bleaching rove bobbins for high quality yarns. When paracetic acid is produced in situ, in solution no safety problems have been observed.
During in situ production the concentration of active compound can be controlled and therefore minimized.
Bleaching by peracetic acid is more expensive than chlorite bleaching. However AOX formation is avoided in this process. Therefore a reduction of a waste water treatment costs can be expected.
Peracetic acid can be used for the treatment of different grades of raw materials. Technically it is possible to change the concentration of active chemicals to suit the quality of input raw material.
But this approach requires precise measurements of fibre with rapid instrumental techniques such as near infra-red (NIR) spectroscopy.
Перацетилова кислота є давно затвердженим відбілювачем протеїну. Це відбувається завдяки її здатності розчинювати костру, що присутня на волокні.
Парцетилова кислота використовується для відбілювання ровничних бабін для пряжі високої якості. Коли перацетилова кислота була виготовлена належним способом, ніякі небезпечні проблеми у розчині не спостерігалися.
Під час правильного виробництва концентрація активних з’єднань може контролюватися і таким чином бути мінімізованою.
Відбілювання парацетиловою кислотою набагато дорожче ніж відбілювання хлором. Але під час цього процесу не спостерігаються АОХ утворення. Тому можна очікувати скорочення цінових витрат на воду при обробці.
Перацетилова кислота може бути використана для обробки сировини різного ґатунку. Технічно можливо змінювати концентрацію активних хімікалій з тим, щоб вона відповідала якості оброблюваної сировини.
Але такий підхід вимагає точних вимірювань волокна за допомогою швидких інструментальних технологій, таких як коло інфрачервона спектроскопія.
Notes:
in situ – на своєму місці; лат. належним способом;
AOX formation – утворення високотоксичних хлорорганічних побічних продуктів;
wastage – витрати.
Exercise 17. Agree or disagree with the following sentences:
1. Peracetic acid is a long established bleaching agent for protein, regenerated and synthetic fibres.
2. When peracetic acid is produced in situ in solution safety problems have been observed.
3. During in situ production the concentration of active compound cannot be controlled and therefore minimized.
4. Bleaching by peracetic acid is less expensive than chlorite bleaching.
5. It is possible to develop a boil peroxide treatment sequence, where the concentration of active chemicals could be changed.
6. This approach does not require precise measurement of fibre.
Exercise 18. Answer the following questions:
1. What is peracetic acid?
2. What is it able to dissolve?
3. What can it be used for?
4. What can be controlled and minimized during in situ production?
5. Why does this treatment have advantages?
6. Is it possible to change the concentration of active chemicals?
7. What does this approach require?