II. Write down Russian equivalents for the words and expressions in bold type, given in the text above.
III. Answer the following questions:
1. What concepts formed the basis of the earliest criminological theories?
2. How did the biological theories develop?
3. What was Montesquie’s approach to causes of crime?
IV. Use one of the verbals in the following sentences:
1. We are looking forward to ... оn а tour of Paris bу our French friends.
а) being taken Ь) having bееn taken
2. I advised them ... there for more than two days.
а) don't stay Ь) not to stay
3. Му neighbour was trying ... the door with the wrong key.
а) to unlock Ь) unlocking
4. You should ... to other people instead of ... about yourself all the time.
а) to listen, to talk Ь) listen, talking
5. I highly appreciated ... your support in time.
а) to receive Ь) receiving
6. I' m not going to а lecture tonight as l' m not ... in the subject.
а) interesting Ь) interested
V. Report the tourists’ questions to the tour guide:
1. The policeman . . .asked the driver if he had bееп sрееdiпg.
2. The driver…
3. Then the driver…
4. Мг Thompson…
5. Мг Brown…
6. Мг Jones…
7. Tim…
8. Мг Smith ...
9. Dr Baker…
Вариант 5
(Выполняется студентами, фамилии которых начинаются с букв Р – У).
I. Прочтите и переведите текст в письменной форме. Wigs and Lawyers.
English legal dress has a long history. The introduction of wigs into polite society in the reign of Charles II (1660-85) was an innovation which could not be resisted. After a period of disapproval, wigs were generally assumed by lawyers in 1680,s. Before the 17th century lawyers did not wear wigs. But professional discipline required that their hair and beards should be moderately short. By the middle of the 17th century wigs of powdered white or grey hair were the universal custom. But during George III s reign (1760-1820) wigs went rapidly out of general use.
Although bishops were given royal permission to abandon their wigs in 1830, this was not necessarily true of other officials. There is a story that one Lord was refused permission to leave off his wig at court. In 1860 the council were permitted to remove their wigs during a heat wave. This attracted some comment in the press and it was suggested that wigs were abandoned altogether by the legal profession. However, the proposal met with little support, though it has been a common occurrence ever since for judges to allow wigs to be left off in very hot weather, and sometimes turbans are allowed to be worn instead of wigs on religious grounds. Early wigs are difficult to identify in portraits of the period because they were of a natural colour and were sometimes combined with a lock of growing hair at the forehead. However, wigs soon became large and increasingly stylized.
II. Ответьте на следующие вопросы к тексту.
1. When did the introduction of wigs take place?
2. In the middle of 17th century wigs have already been the universal custom, haven’t they?
3. Who was given royal permission to abandon wigs in 1830?
4. Are the lawyers allowed not to wear wigs in heat wave?
5. What can you tell about early wigs?
III. Выразите основную идею прочитанного текста двумя предложениями на английском языке.
IV. Замените прямую речь косвенной:
1. He will say, «I will do it at once».
2. I said to the secretary, «Write to them that we cannot offer the goods for immediate shipment».
3. He asked me, «Do you think that the weather will change? ».
4. I said to him, «Please send us the contract by return of mail».
5. She said, «I met him in 1950».
6. She asked me, «How long have you been studying English? ».
7. I said to him, «Don’t sell these goods before you receive my telegram».
V. Вставьте необходимые по смыслу предлоги:
1. It doesn’t depend … me.
2. I laughed … him.
3. We entered … the hall.
4. I shall go there … three days.
5. There were … five hundred people there.
6. My husband is going to precede … the manager of the well-known firm.
7. The book will come out … a month.
8. The work was divided … four students.
9. He works … an Institute.
10. You will help me … telling me all you know about it.
VI. Составьте предложения, используя при этом сочинительные (and, as well as, either or, but) и подчинительные союзы (after, since, unless, so that).
Вариант 6
(Выполняется студентами, фамилии которых начинаются с букв Ф–Ч).
I. Read and translate the following text:
Scotland Yard
At first the new police force encountered little cooperation from the public, and when Scotland Yard stationed its first plainclothes police agents оn duty in 1842, there was а public outcry against these 'spies'. The police force had gradually won the trust of the London public bу the time Scotland Yard set up its Criminal Investigation Department (CID) in 1878. The CID was а small force of plainclothes detectives who gathered information оn criminal activities. Тhе CID was subsequently built up into the efficient investigative force that it now constitutes. It presently employs more than 1,000 detectives.
The area supervised bу the London Metropolitan Роlicе includes all of Greater London with the exception of the City of London, which has its own separate police force. The Metropolitan Po1iee's duties аге the detection and prevention of crime, the preservation of public order, the supervision of road traffic and the licensing of public vehicles, and the organisation of civil defense in ease of emergency.
The administrative head of Scotland Yard is the commissioner, who is appointed bу the Crown оn the recommendation of the Ноmе Secretary. Beneath the commissioner are а deputy commissioner and four assistant commissioners, еаch of the latter being in charge of one of Scotland Yard's four departments; administration, traffic and transport, criminal investigation (the CID), and police recruitment and training. The CID deals with all aspects of criminal investigation and comprises the criminal records office, fingerprint and photography sections, the company fraud squad, а highly mobile police unit known as the flying squad, the metropolitan роlicе laboratory, and the detective-training school.
Scotland Yard keeps extensive files оп all known criminals in the United Кingdom. It also has а special branch of police who guard visiting dignitaries, royalty, and statesmen. Finally, Scotland Yard is responsible for maintaining links between British law-enforcement agencies and Interpol. Although Scotland Yard's responsibility is limited to metropolitan London, its assistance is often sought bу police in other parts of England, particularly with regard to difficult eases. Тhe Yard also assists in the training of роlicе personnel in the countries of the Commonwealth.