- •Personal identification
- •Relations by birth Кровные родственные связи
- •Relations by marriage Родственные связи по браку
- •Age Возраст
- •Religion [rilid n] Вероисповедание
- •Death Смерть
- •Exercises
- •What Is In a Name?
- •Student information
- •Free of charge - application may be copied
- •Appearance
- •I.V.Kritskaya
- •It’s fun to watch myself in a mirror. A mirror shows me what I look like. A mirror helps me learn about myself. It’s fun to play in front of a mirror. I can make up a poem about that.
- •Character
- •Love is a fallacy By Max Shulman
- •Vitebsk state university
- •V.Ye.Khorovets Part I From the history of the University
- •My University
- •I study at the University (where?…) - Where do you study?
- •The Students’ Life and Studies
- •At the department stores part I
- •Introductory text
- •The Big Stores of London
- •The most famous britain’s department stores
- •Selfridges The original department store
- •Part II
- •Departments (Отделы)
- •In the department store
- •Some Useful Information and Helpful Words and
- •Part III Money
- •Interaction Shopping
- •Follow up
- •Are you being served? a) Ladies’ shoes
- •Topics for Oral Compositions
- •Shopping (food) n.N.Krasovskaya Supermarket
- •Some Food Shops (Stores)
- •Quantities and Package (Количество и упаковка)
- •Some Useful Expressions
- •Idiomatic Expressions
- •Some additional words and expressions
- •Ex. 6.Name 5-10 products you might buy at …
- •Shopping (At the Supermarket)
- •Words and expressions
- •If I need …, I go to the … .
- •At the Supermarket
- •At the Restaurant
- •Words and expressions
- •In the Coffee Bar
- •Topical Vocabulary
- •Exercises The following words are often confused
- •By George Burns
- •Maladies of the 21st Century
- •Here are nine of the most common warning symptoms of stress. First decide if you have ever experienced the symptom. Then try to remember when and why, and make notes.
- •Now report to the class like this:
- •Coping with moods Depression
- •Make sentences like this:
- •Look at the list of jobs and arrange it from the most to the least stressful
- •B) Now work in pairs and compare your ideas with those of your partner’s
- •Your Place in the Stress League
- •What do you think?
- •Cfs. Tired All the Time
- •How does the illness usually start?
- •Is cfs contagious?
- •Tired All the Time: cfs
- •Conversation practice
- •Complete the dialogues:
- •Translate into English
- •The republic of belarus
- •Слова и словосочетания к тексту «The Republic of Belarus»
- •The Republic of Belarus
- •Vocabulary Exercises
- •Belorussian National Culture
- •Belarus
- •Vocabulary
- •Vocabulary
- •Efrosinya Polotskaya
- •Vocabulary
- •Vitebsk is an Ancient Town
- •I am afraid you are mistaken.
- •I am sorry but I disagree with you.
- •I think you are right. .
- •Part II
- •Architectural monuments and Museums of Vitebsk
- •Part III Obligatory list of words:
- •Vitebsk as a Cultural Centre
- •Дом, открытый для всех
- •Part IV Obligatory list of words:
- •Vitebsk as a Centre of Industry and Education
- •Higher education
- •In great britain and in our country
- •Obligatory list of words: Ex.1.Read the words correctly, practise your sounds. Learn the words.
- •Higher Education. Universities.
- •British Universities
- •III. Making the summary System of Education in Great Britain.
- •V.A.Boiko Obligatory list of words:
- •School Education in Belarus
- •Sanctions
- •A) between two teachers
- •B) between a teacher and a parent
- •C) between the classmates
- •My future profession
- •Lawyer - юрист
- •A model teacher
- •Now do some exersises
- •Pupils as they are Ex. 12. Read the following list of words and divide them into 2 groups (positive
- •Ex. 18. Read the story and say what you think of this teacher. While translating use a dictionary if necessary. Flowers are red by Harry Chapin
- •Ex. 19. Read the following sayings about teacher’s profession and choose those you like best. Give your reasons. Teacher
- •Family matters
- •Ex. 3.Choose and say what you want your pal to do and what you don’t want
- •The Scholarship from “Green Years” by a.J. Cronin
- •Dating Customs
- •Will You Go out with Me?
- •Engagements, weddings, births and funerals getting engaged
- •Divorces rise and fewer get married
- •R Yes. First my family spoke to him, and then they called me in, and we talked for four, four or five minutes. My father decided immediately.
- •I Now you have two sons, don’t you, one twenty-one and one fifteen. Are you going to arrange their marriages?
- •Ex. 11.A) Read the text about different types of families and think of advantages
- •Nuclear Family, Extended Family
- •Relative Values
- •My Father
- •Is there a generation gap in your/your friend’s family? What are the reasons of conflicts? ecological problems
- •Ex. 5.Read and translate the following words of the same root. Determine the part of speech they belong to. Memorize them:
- •Ecological Problems
- •The Greenhouse Effect
- •The Destruction of the Ozone Layer
- •Acid Rain
- •Deforestation
- •The forest resources of the countries in the Baltic Region
- •Endangered Species
- •The Energy Trap
- •Measures to Be Taken
- •What You Can Do to Help!
- •The European Environment Agency (eea)
- •Оглавление
Engagements, weddings, births and funerals getting engaged
In Britain the custom of becoming engaged is still generally retained, though many young people dispense with it, and the number of such couples is increasing. As a rule, an engagement is announced as soon as a girl has accepted a proposal of marriage, but in some cases it is done a good time afterwards. Rules of etiquette dictate that the girl’s parents should be the first to hear the news; in practice, however, it is often the couple’s friends who are taken into confidence before either of the parents. If a man has not yet met his future in-laws he does so at the first opportunity, whereas his parents usually write them a friendly letter. It is then up to the girl’s mother to invite her daughter’s future in-laws to a meal or drinks. Quite often, of course, the man has been a frequent visitor at the girl's house long before the engagement, and their families are already well acquainted.
When a girl accepts a proposal, the man generally gives her a ring. It is worn on the third finger of the left hand before marriage and together with the wedding ring after it. Engagement rings range from expensive diamond rings to rings with Victorian semi-precious stones costing only a few pounds.
In most cases the engagement itself amounts only to announcement being made to the parents on both sides and to friends and relations, but some people arrange an engagement party, and among the better-off people it is customary to put an announcement in the newspaper.
A man should have a talk with the girl’s father about the date of their wedding, where they will live, how well off he is and his future plans and prospects. Nowadays this is often not done, one of the reasons being that today the young people enjoy a greater degree of financial independence that they used to, to be able to decide these matters for themselves.
Do people become engaged in Belarus?
Would you like to have the tradition of engagement in our country?
Ex. 8. Read the article carefully. Consult a dictionary for unfamiliar words:
Divorces rise and fewer get married
By Jeremy Laurance (from THE, August 23, 1995)
THE structure of the traditional British family has altered dramatically over the past decade, with the divorce rate at an all-time high and the popularity of marriage at a 50-year low.
Figures published yesterday for 1993 show that the number of couples divorcing that year reached 165,000, while the number of marriages fell below 300,000.
The high risk of marital breakdown is making young people increasingly cautious, with more people delaying the age at which they take their vows. More couples are choosing to live together and have illegitimate children.
Britain’s divorce rate is among the highest in Europe, along with Denmark and Sweden. After fluctuating in the 1980s, it has resumed its upward trend with a 9 per cent rise since 1989. The marriages that ended in divorce in 1993 lasted an average of just under ten years.
The number of children whose parents divorced also reached a new record in 1993 of 176,000.
Couples are on average almost three years older when they tie the knot than their counterparts in 1983. Men are 28.2 and women 26.2 when they marry for the first time, compared with 25.7 and 23.4.
Since 1972, when a record 426,000 couples were married, the number of weddings has fallen by a third. In 1983 there were 344,334 marriages and the number remained steady for the rest of the decade. In 1990, however, the downward trend resumed, and in 1993 only 299,197 couples made the commitment.
The number of divorces doubled during the 1970s from 74,000 in 1971 to 146,000 a decade later. They remained at roughly that level during the 1980s. If the present rates continue, nearly 40 per cent of marriages will end in divorce.
Research shows that children from families disrupted by separation and divorce fare worse than those in which the parents stay together.
Zelda West Meads, a Relate counsellor, said: “Marriages are declining and divorce may be going up, but most people still go into marriage wanting it to last a lifetime. Most people still believe that marriage or an equally committed relationship is the best environment in which to bring up children.”
Rabbi Dr Julian Jacobs, speaking on behalf of the Chief Rabbi, Dr Jonathan Sacks, said society’s acceptance of divorce was a matter of regret. “We seem to have lost our sense of shame. In she past people were embarrassed to admit they had affairs or got divorced but now the attitude is that people can do their own thing. Not every marriage was perfect but even those less than ideally happy continued for the sake of the family. Nowadays, if you don’t like how your wife makes a cheese-cake you get divorced.”
Dr Jack Dominian, the director of the One plus One charity, which does research into the prevention of marital breakdown, said couples were inadequately prepared for the commitment. “Marriage has changed from a contract of social roles, with the husband as provider and the wife as home-maker, to a relationship of love but people are not trained, prepared or supported for this transformation. It is one thing to know about social roles but it is another to master the social skills of relatioinships.”
Louie Burghes, of the Family Policy Studies Centre, said it was not inevitable that the children of divorced couples did less well. “The quality of the relationship between the parents and the children is the most important thing,” she said.
b) Prepare extensive answers to the following questions:
1) What couples have illegitimate children? 2) How long had the couples been married on average before they divorced in 1993? 3) What do most people still hope for going into marriage? 4) Why did people in the past continue their marriages and did not divorce? 5) Do the British try to prevent marital breakdown?
c) Translate the sentences into English using the words from the article:
1) Браки в среднем продолжаются около 10 лет. 2) Все больше людей откладывают время вступления в брак. 3) Количество бракосочетаний уменьшилось на треть. 4) Лучшей средой для воспитания детей является семья. 5) Самое главное – это отношения между родителями и детьми.
Read the passage and then retell it. When doing it you will, of course, put the
sentences in slightly different language. Take care not to change the meaning
however:
“Marriage has changed from a contract of social roles, with the husband as provider and the wife as home-maker, to a relationship of love but people are not trained, prepared or supported for this transformation. It is one thing to know about social roles but it is another to master the social skills of relationships”.
Ex. 10. a) Read an interview with an Indian lady, Rajkumary Kejriwal, or just
Raj about her arranged (брак, когда жениха девушке выбирают родители) marriage.
I = Interviewer
R = Raj
I How old were you when you met your husband, Raj?
R Mm … I was erm, sixteen.
I And what were you doing at the time?
R Oh I was at home. I had left school, and I was having private tuition actually, at home, to prepare me for my exams.
I And your father arranged your marriage, is that right?
R Yes, that’s right.
I Could you tell me how he did that?
R Yes. He looked around for a suitable husband. He asked friends and relatives if they knew anybody, and found out about their education, their background, and most importantly, the family’s background. He got all the information about them, you know.
I And did this take a long time?
R In my case, no, but it depends you see, erm … sometimes a father can see up to a hundred men before he chooses one. My elder sister … for my elder sister my father saw over a hundred men. You know, sometimes it can be difficult to decide. But for my brother he saw only one girl.
I And for you?
R He saw only two, one in the morning and one in the evening, and er … he chose the second one.
I My goodness! Tell me about that day.
R Yes … well, in the morning the first man came. He was very wealthy, but er … not very well educated, but he had a lot of money. And he was well-dressed, and he had very good manners.
I And the other one?
R He wasn’t terribly wealthy, but he was well-educated, and he came from a good background. His family owned a village, and were like princes. And all his relatives were suitable. He was twenty-two, and studying law.
I And your father chose him?
R Yes.
I Why, do you know?
R I think he thought that money wasn’t everything. He didn’t want the … you know, he didn’t want the family’s money. Education was more important. If he’s well-educated, he’ll earn it later. Actually, Shyam, that’s my husband’s name, didn’t want to get married. He wanted to wait, but you know his father persuaded him. You know when he came to my house to meet my father, he was very badly dressed because he wanted my father to refuse him, so he could say to his father ‘Look, they didn’t like me’. But luckily my father did like him and – erm – so he had to say ‘yes’.
I And did you meet him that day?