- •Федеральное агентство по образованию Нижегородский государственный университет им. Н.И. Лобачевского
- •032301 «Регионоведение»
- •Введение
- •Contents
- •The united nations organisation (un)
- •How the un works
- •International Organizations
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •2. Give as much information as possible concerning the following notions:
- •3. Prepare the summary of the text in 10-12 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •1. Give the definitions of the following words and phrases from the text and use them in the sentences of your own:
- •Un structure
- •1. General Assembly
- •2. Security Council
- •3. Economic and Social Council (ecosoc)
- •4. Trusteeship Council
- •5. International Court of Justice
- •6. Secretariat
- •7.Secretary General
- •8.Agencies Related to the un
- •1. Read the text and say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Read the text again and answer the following questions using the active vocabulary:
- •4. Prepare the summary of the text in 20-25 sentences. Use the active vocabulary from the Word Study section.
- •3. Use the lexical units from the exercises above in the sentences of your own.
- •What the un does for peace
- •United Nations Organization Reform
- •Security Council reform must result in profound changes – Assembly President
- •Momentum on Security Council reform must not falter – Assembly President
- •Реформа оон неизбежна
- •Большая перемена
- •The north atlantic treaty organization (nato)
- •What is nato
- •1. Complete the following sentences:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from the text from Russian into English:
- •3. Match the words from the first column to the words from the second one:
- •4. Give definitions to the following words and word combinations:
- •5. Use the lexical units from the exercise above in the sentences of your own.
- •6. Translate the following sentences from Russian into English using the lexical units from the previous exercises:
- •Nato: Security Challenges and Risks
- •1. Answer the following questions:
- •Nato-Russia Relations
- •1. Say whether the statements are true or false. Give the correct variant:
- •2. Answer the questions on the text:
- •3. Comment on the following statements:
- •1. Complete the following table:
- •2. Using the table, speak about the ways of cooperation between nato and Russia.
- •1. Translate the following words and word combinations from English into Russian:
- •2. Translate the following words and word combinations from Russian into English:
- •3. Find the words in the text that correspond to the following:
- •1. Say whether the following statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Fill in the gaps using the words and word combinations from the previous exercises:
- •5. How do you call people who live in the following countries?
- •The Structure and Objectives of the eu
- •1. Note the pronunciation of the following words:
- •2. Watch the pronunciation and spelling of the words and word-combinations:
- •1. Say whether these statements are true or false:
- •2. Answer the following questions:
- •1. Translate the following lexical units from the text from English into Russian, prepare questions with these lexical units, based on the text:
- •2. Translate the following word-combinations from Russian into English, restore the context of their use:
- •3. Find the words and word-combinations that mean approximately the same in the text, use these lexical units in the examples of your own:
- •4. Find the odd-one-out:
- •5. Fill in the gaps of the following sentences using active vocabulary:
- •1. What do theses abbreviations stand for? Characterize each of them:
- •2. Use the following words and word combinations to make up the summary of the text (not less than 15 sentences):
- •1. Основные институты Евросоюза
- •Международные организации
4. Find the odd-one-out:
consistency-coherence-variability-permanency
to uphold-to support-to sustain-to contribute
to assert-to aver-to confirm-to allege
variety-diversity-multiplicity-similarity
agreement-compliance-discord-consent
5. Fill in the gaps of the following sentences using active vocabulary:
Under the Maastricht Treaty the main task of the Union is to organize relations between the member states and their peoples so that the can ___________.
The first objective of the Union consists in promoting _________, an area without _______.
The second objective deals with _______ on the international scene.
The third objective concerns _______.
The Union should be built on _______ - the corpus ________ established by and in the context of the Union.
Among the values the Union is founded on the main one is _______.
The Union’s motto is “United in _______”.
Speaking
1. What do theses abbreviations stand for? Characterize each of them:
EC
CFSP
ESDP
ECJ
2. Use the following words and word combinations to make up the summary of the text (not less than 15 sentences):
to demonstrate consistency and solidarity
a monetary union
to assert one’s identity
to strengthen the protection of rights
acquis communautaire
the corpus of rules
diversity
a pillar
to ensure coherence and consistency
a commissioner
to define a long-term agenda
an agenda-setting role
a joint decision-making power
to settle conflicts
to fulfil treaty obligations
Translation
Translate the following text from Russian into English using a dictionary:
1. Основные институты Евросоюза
Европейский совет
Высший политический орган ЕС, состоящий из глав государств и правительств стран-членов и их заместителей — министров иностранных дел. Членом Европейского Совета является также председатель Еврокомиссии.
Совет определяет основные стратегические направления развития ЕС. Выработка генеральной линии политической интеграции — основная миссия Европейского совета. Наряду с Советом Министров Европейский Совет наделён политической функцией, заключающейся в изменении основополагающих договоров европейской интеграции.
Европейская комиссия
Европейская Комиссия — высший орган исполнительной власти Европейского союза. Состоит из 27 членов, по одному от каждого государства-члена. При исполнении своих полномочий они независимы, действуют только в интересах ЕС, не вправе заниматься какой-либо другой деятельностью. Государства-члены не вправе влиять на членов Еврокомиссии.
Штаб-квартира Европейской Комиссии находится в Брюсселе.
Совет ЕС
Совет Европейского союза, или, неофициально, «Совет Министров», наделён рядом функций как исполнительной, так и законодательной власти, а потому нередко рассматривается как ключевой институт в процессе принятия решений на уровне Европейского союза.
Европейский парламент
Европейский Парламент является собранием из 785 депутатов, напрямую избираемых гражданами стран-членов ЕС сроком на пять лет. Председатель Европарламента избирается на два с половиной года. Члены Европейского парламента объединяются не по национальному признаку, а в соответствии с политической ориентацией.
Основная роль Европарламента — утверждение бюджета ЕС. Кроме того, практически любое решение Совета ЕС требует либо одобрения Парламента, либо по крайней мере запроса его мнения. Парламент контролирует работу Комиссии и обладает правом ее роспуска (которым, впрочем, он никогда не пользовался).
Европейский суд
Европейский суд (официальное название — Суд Европейских сообществ) проводит свои заседания в Люксембурге и является судебным органом ЕС высшей инстанции.
В соответствии с Маастрихтским договором Суду предоставлено право налагать штрафы на государства-члены, не выполняющие его постановления.
Суд сыграл огромную роль в становлении и развитии права ЕС. Многие, даже основополагающие принципы правопорядка Союза основаны не на международных договорах, а на прецедентных решениях Суда.
Talking point
Express your opinion on the following questions:
Which is the most influential part of the EU? How is it expressed?
Can you say that the EU works effectively? Which parts of it would you rather were reformed?
Does the EU need a standing army? Explain your viewpoint.