1. Match the equivalents. Look through text b for help.

1) третя за розміром країна 2) головні міста 3) був названий в честь 4). щорічний ярмарок 6) щоб зібрати гроші 7) різноманітні сфери 8) він постачає обладнання 9) його колекція налічує

a) it used to be b) was named after с) it supplies equipment d) to raise money e) the third biggest country f) major cities g) its collection numbers h) various fields i) annual fair

2. Read the text about Kharkiv, the scientific centre of Ukraine. Translate the sentences containing the above models or phrases. Text b

Kharkiv is the second largest city in Ukraine after Kyiv. The city is a home for 1.6 million people, including 230.000 students. It used to be the capital of our country in the period of 1918 – 1934, so it is often called “The first capital”.

The official date of Kharkiv’s founding is 1654. According to the popular legend the city was named after a Cossack Kharko who lived there. But a lot of Kharkivites think that the city received its name after the river Kharkiv which banks it stands on. By the 18^th century Kharkiv’s annual fairs attracted increasingly more merchants not only from Kyiv but also from European countries.

In 1805, Kharkiv University was founded. It was the first in Livoberezhna Ukraine. At present Kharkiv National University is named after the talented scientist V.N. Karazin who worked hard to raise money for this outstanding project. There are 15 departments at the university.

Kharkiv is one of the largest educational centers. There are over 150 state institutions, about 200 secondary schools and the growing number of private educational establishments. Specialists in various fields are trained in Kharkiv state institutions including six academies, 10 universities and eight institutes, among them Kharkiv State Law Academy, Kharkiv Pedagogical University, Kharkiv Institute of Banking and many others.

Now Kharkiv is a major railway junction, an important surface and air transportation centre. Its machine-building and metal-working plants are well-known not only in our country. Kharkiv supplies tractors, powerful turbines, airplanes and generators, highly efficient machine tools and coal-mining equipment, bicycles and textile.

Kharkiv’s scientific and experimental base is unique. Every seventh scientist of Ukraine is a Kharkivite. Every fifth scientific institution of our country is located in Kharkiv. One of the most powerful electron accelerators, one of the world largest radio telescopes and one of the largest thermo-nuclear installations in the world are situated there.

Kharkiv is a native land for many outstanding personalities. The сomposer M. Lysenko, the writer P. Hulak-Artemovskiy, the poet M. Staritskiy, the physicists I. Kurchatov and A. Ioffe, the Nobel laureates L. Landau and I. Mechnikov, the architect A. Beketov, the mathematicians M. Ostrogradsky and V. Steclov, the philologist O. Potebnya and many other prominent Ukrainians lived and worked in Kharkiv.

The city lives a full-blooded cultural life. There are seven theatres in the city, among them Ukrainian and Russian Drama theatres, the Opera and Ballet theatre, the Puppet theatre, the Philharmonic Hall. Kharkiv is famous for its Museum of Fine Arts. Its collection numbers several thousands pictures by well-known artists. The city is ornamented with the large number of monuments. The most prominent of them is to Taras Shevchenko erected in 1935.

Notes: railway junction – залізничний вузол