Группа продолженных времен

T H E C O N T I N U O U S T E N S E S

Времена группы Continuous обозначают действие, длящееся в определенный момент или период времени.

Группа Continuous имеет три времени – настоящее (The Present Continuous), прошедшее (The Past Continuous) и будущее (The Future Continuous).

Все формы группы Continuous образуются при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в соответствующем времени и причастия I смыслового глагол (смысловой глагол + -ing).

Например:

I am working. Я работаю.

I was working. Я работал.

I shall be working. Я буду работать.

Н А С Т О Я Щ Е Е П Р О Д О Л Ж Е Н Н О Е В Р Е М Я

THE PRESENT CONTINUOUS TENSE

У п о т р е б л е н и е.

Настоящее продолженное время употребляется:

1. Для обозначения действия, которое происходит в данный момент речи, что подразумевается из контекста или выражается такими словами, как now, at (the) present, at this moment.

Eg.: I am listening to the teacher now. Я сейчас слушаю учителя.

He is sleeping. Он спит.

They are working . Они работают.

2. Для выражения продолженного действия, которое происходит не обязательно в момент разговора, но носит постоянный характер.

Eg.: He is learning English at the Institute. Он изучает английский в

институте.

3. Для выражения заранее намеченного, запланированного действия, которое совершится в ближайшем будущем.

Eg.: We are going to the country on Sunday. В воскресенье мы едем

за город.

4. Для выражения постоянного действия, которое у говорящего вызывает раздражение, осуждение или возмущение. В этом случае обычно используются слова always, constantly.

Eg.: He is always doing such things. И он всегда так поступает.

О б р а з о в а н и е.

Утвердительная форма.

Present Continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в настоящем времени (am, is are) и смыслового глагола с окончанием –ing (Participle I).

am is + V ing are

I am speaking.

He (she, it) is speaking.

We (you, they) are speaking.

Отрицательная форма.

Отрицание в Present Continuous образуется при помощи добавления отрицания not к вспомогательному глаголу to be.

Eg.: I am not reading.

He is not reading.

Вопросительная форма.

Она образуется путем перестановки вспомогательного глагола to be и подлежащего – вспомогательный глагол ставится перед подлежащим на первое место.

0 место- вопросит. слово	1 место – вспомог. глагол	2 место – подлежащее	3 место – смысл. глагол	4 место – дополне-ние	5 место – обстоят-во
Why	is	the boy	wrting	____	in my room?
What	are	they	telling	her about?

! Вопрос к подлежащему задается в 3-м лице единственном числе.

Eg.: They are dancing.

Who is dancing? – They are.

Present Continuous как правило н е у п о т р е б л я е т с я :

1. С глаголами, выражающими физическое восприятие: to see, to hear.

2. С глаголами, выражающими чувства, эмоции: to feel, to love, to like, to dislike, to prefer, to hate.

3. С глаголами, выражающими желание\нежелание: to want, to wish, to desire, to refuse.

4. С глаголами, обозначающими умственную деятельность: to know, to believe, to think, to doubt, to guess, to imagine, to mean, to realize, to recognize, to remember, to suppose, to understand, to expect, to trust.

5. С глаголами, обозначающими абстрактные отношения (а не действия): to have, to contain, to depend, to belong, to concern, to consist of, to deserve, to fit, to include, to involve, to lack, to matter, to need, to owe, to resemble, to appear, to seem, to keep и др.

6. С глаголами, характеризующими физические свойства объектов: to measure, to weigh, to taste, to smell, to sound.

7. С глаголами, обозначающими воздействие на другое лицо: to astonish, to impress, to please, to satisfy, to surprise.

У П Р А Ж Н Е Н И Я

Упр.44*. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам. Поставьте предложения в отрицательную форму.

1. They are reading an interesting book now. 2. Ann is translating from

English into Russian now. 3. My brother is doing his homework. 4. My sister is washing the dishes at present. 5. I am cleaning my teeth now. 6. My father is sitting in the armchair. 7. My sister and mother are watching TV. 8. My sister is playing the piano. 9. Pete and Kate are listening to the music. 10. We are having dinner in the cafe.

Упр. 45*. Раскройте скобки, употребляя глаголы в Present Continuous.

A.

1. The boys (to run) about the garden. 2. I (to do) my homework. 3. John

and his friend (to go) to the library. 4. Ann (to sit) at her desk. 5. A young man (to stand) at the window. He (to smoke) a cigarette. 6. The old man (to walk) about the room. 7. The dog (to lie) on the floor. 8. You (to have) a break? 9. What language you (to study)? 10. Who (to lie) on the sofa? 11. What they (to talk) about? 12. It still (to rain).

B.

1. Please, be quiet, I (to try) to concentrate. 2. Look, it (to snow). 3. Why

you (to look) at me like that? Is something wrong? 4. You (to make) a lot of noise. Can you be a bit quieter? 5. Excuse me, I (to look for) a phone box. Is there one near here? 6. Listen! Do you hear those people next door? They (to shout) at each other again. 7. Why you (to wear) a coat today? It’s very warm. 8. I (not to work) this week. I’m on holiday. 9. I want to lose weight, I (not to eat) anything today.

Упр. 46*. Переведите на английский язык, употребляя Present Continuous.

1. Я читаю. 2. Он не пишет. 3. Мы не работаем. 4. Вы читаете? 5. Он

спит? 6. Коля и Миша играют в футбол. 7. Катя играет на пианино. 8. Она не поет. 9. Моя сестра спит. 10. Папа пьет чай? 11. Твои родители пьют чай? 12. Я не сплю. 13. Она сидит за столом. 14. Мы не купаемся. 15. Они играют во дворе? 16. Куда они идут? 17. Что делает твоя сестра? 18. Почему ты смеешься?

PESESENT CONTINUOUS AND PRESENT INDEFINITE

Упр. 47. Прочитайте. Определите время – Present Continuous или Present Indefinite. Переведите. Покажите разницу в русском переводе этих времен.

1. I go to school. I am going to school now.

2. He swims well. He is swimming well now.

3. He always waits for her. We are waiting for her now.

4. She runs very quickly. She is running very quickly now.

5. Where are you going? – I always go to school at 8 o’clock. It’s 8 o’clock now and I’m going to school.

Упр. 48. Дополните каждое предложение вторым, выражающим постоянный характер этого действия.

Model: - Jane is looking for her key.

- She always looks for her keys.

1. He is singing well. 2. She is talking over the telephone with her friend. 3. I am doing my homework. 4. We are having an English lesson. 5. It is snowing. 6. My brother is spending his holidays in Greece now. 7. Group 1 (2) is having a lesson. 8. I am thinking about my future. 9. The teacher is looking at you. 10. Your friend is sitting at the desk.

Упр. 49. Ответьте на вопросы.

1. What language are speaking?

2. What languages do you speak?

3. With whom are you sitting?

4. With whom do you sit at the lessons?

5. What is the teacher doing?

6. What does she usually do at the lessons?

7. What lesson are you having?

8. What lessons do you have on Monday?

9. What lesson is Group 1 (2) having?

10. How many lessons does Group 1 (2) have on Monday?

11. What is your friend doing?

12. What does he (she) always do at the lessons?

13. Is it snowing?

14. How often does it snow in winter?

15. Is the Sun shining?

16. When does the Sun usually shine?

Упр. 50*. Выпишите сначала предложения в Present Continuous, а затем – в Present Indefinite. Поставьте их в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.

1. I study at the Institute. 2. I am writing an exercise. 3. He is waiting for

us. 4. My brother works at a plant. 5. They are watching TV. 6. Doctor Smith comes to the children every week. 7. We want to see this film.

Упр. 51. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. My father is talking to his boss. 2. Kate walks in the evenings. 3.The boys are skating on the skating-rink. 4. There is a nice dress in the shop. 5. We have many exams every semester. 6. It is cold in winter. 7. It takes me 2 hours to do my homework. 8. The students are discussing a problem. 9. They are busy in the morning. 10. You know the material well.

Упр. 52*. Раскройте скобки, употребив Present Continuous или Present Indefinite.

A.

1. I (to read) books in the evening. 2. I (not to read) books in the morning

3. I (to write) an exercise now. 4. I (not to write) a letter now. 5. They (to play) in the yard now. 6. They (not to play) in the street now. 7. They (to play) in the room now? 8. He (to help) his mother every day. 9. He (to help) his mother every day? 10. He (not to help) his mother every day. 11. You (to go) to school on Sundays? 12. My friend (not to like) to play football. 13. I (not to read) now. 14. He (to sleep) now. 15. We (not to go) to the country in winter. 16. My sister (to eat) sweets every day. 17. She (not to eat) sweets now. 18. They (to do) their homework in the afternoon. 19. They (not to go) for a walk in the evening. 20. My father (not to work) on Sunday. 21. He (to work) every day.

B.

1. They (to read) many books. 2. They (to read) many books? 3. They

(not to read) many books. 4. The children (to eat) soup now. 5. The children (to eat) soup now? 6. The children (not to eat) soup now. 7. You (to play) volley-ball well? 8. When you (to play) volley-ball? 9. What Nick (to do) in the evening? 10. He (to go) to the cinema in the evening? 11. We (not to dance) every day. 12. Look, Kate (to dance). 13. Kate (to sing) well? 14. Where he (to go) in the morning? 15. He (not to sleep) after dinner. 16. My granny (to sleep) after dinner. 17. When you (to sleep)? 18. Nina (not to sleep) now. 19. Where John (to live)? – He (to live) in England.

C.

1. What you (to do) here now? – We (to listen) to the music. 2. You (to want) to see my girlfriend? – Yes, I … 3. Michael (to know) German rather well. He (to want) to know English too, but he (to have) little time for it. 4. Hi, what magazine you (to read) here? – It (to be) a French magazine. There (to be) good articles on sport here. You (to be) interested in sport? Yes, I … But I (not to know) French. 5. We (to have) an English lesson now. 6. Ann usually (to prepare) her homework at the Institute? - No, she … As a rule, she (to work) at home. – And what she (to write) now? – Oh, she (to write) an article for our newspaper. 7. Where Tom and Nick (to be) now? – They (to have) coffee in the cafe.

D.

1. – Why you (to put on) your coat? - I (to go) for a walk. You (to come)

with me? – Yes, I’d love to come. You (to mind) if I bring my dog? – No.

2. I (to go) to visit Peter tonight. He (to leave) tomorrow morning. – He

(to come) back the same day? – I (not to know). 3. Ann (not to come)

today. She (to be busy) reading. 4. Nick (to leave) tonight. – What train he (to take) for his journey? – He (to catch) the 9.30 train. 5. Nick and Ann (to drive up) to Moscow this afternoon. 6. You (to write) him tonight? – Yes, I always (to write) him on his birthday. You (to want) to send any message? – Certainly. 7. Jack: Lunch (to be) ready, Mummy? I (to be) hungry and I (to be) in a hurry as well. I (to play) football this afternoon. Mother: Well, I (to be) sorry, but lunch (not to be) ready. But look, it (to rain) out-of-doors. You can’t play football in such bad weather. You (to want) to catch a cold? Jack: Oh, Mummy, we often (to play) football in much worse weather than this. And it’s an important match today. You (to come) to watch us, Mom?

F.

1. Stop smoking! The room (to be) full of smoke which (to come) from your cigarette. Usually nobody (to smoke) here. 2. The woman who (to speak) with my sister in the yard (to be) our neighbour who (to live) across the street. 3. You (to ask) too much of me. I (to be) quite powerless to help you. 4. You (to hear) the speaker well? – Yes, I (to hear) him clearly. I (to listen) very attentively, but still I (not to understand) what he (to mean). 5. You (to go) in my direction? I can give you a lift. 6. I (to look) at the barometer and (to see) that it (to fall). 7. Don’t enter the room. Father (to work) there and he (not to like) to be disturbed. 8. You (to see) that woman in the corner? She (to have) her dessert now. As soon as she (to leave) we (to occupy) the table.

Упр. 53. Переведите на английский язык, обращая внимание на время.

1. 1. Я читаю английские книги. 2. Сейчас я читаю книгу Джека

Лондона. 3. Что ты сейчас делаешь? - Я перевожу текст и выписываю новые слова. 4. Ты учишь новые слова регулярно? – Да. 5. О чем ты сейчас думаешь? – Я думаю о каникулах. – Ты всегда думаешь о каникулах на уроках? – Я не думаю о них только на уроках английского.

2. 1. Каждый год он проводит каникулы в горах. 2.Мама на кухне.

Она печет торт. 3. Наши дети любят играть в саду. 4. Где Том? – Он играет в саду. 5. Что вы сейчас читаете? – Я читаю Генри Миллера. 6. Кто-то стучит в дверь. Откройте, пожалуйста. 7. Посмотри, что делают дети. – Они рисуют. 8. Он обычно так быстро говорит, что я его не понимаю. 9. Вы понимаете, что говорит лектор? – Конечно. 10. Он всегда пьет утром кофе, но сейчас он пьет чай.

3. 1. Что она обычно делает по вечерам? – Она обычно читает или

слушает радио. 2. В следующее воскресенье к нам приезжают друзья из Москвы. 3. Аня сейчас шьет себе платье. Она всю одежду шьет себе сама. 4. Я не могу дать вам сейчас эту газету, я ее читаю. 5. Вы видите где-нибудь мои очки? – Нет, но я их ищу. 6. Что у вас обычно на завтрак? – Я обычно ем бутерброд и выпиваю чашку кофе. 7. Почему вы так быстро идете сегодня? – Я спешу, так как встречаюсь с коллегой через полчаса. 8. В следующее воскресенье я уезжаю в командировку.

П Р О Ш Е Д Ш Е Е П Р О Д О Л Ж Е Н Н О Е В Р Е М Я

THE PAST CONTINUOUS TENSE

У п о т р е б л е н и е.

Прошедшее продолженное время употребляется:

1) Для выражения продолженного действия, происходившего в определенный момент в прошлом. Момент совершения действия может быть ясен из контекста или обозначается:

а) точным указанием времени: at 6 o’clock yesterday, at that

moment, at that time.

Eg.: I was doing my homework at Я делал домашнее задание

8 o’clock yesterday. в 8 часов вчера.

б) указанием отрезка времени: from 4 till 8 o’clock.

Eg.: He was reading from 6 till 9 Он читал вчера с 6 до 9.

yesterday.

в) другим одновременным действием в прошлом.

Eg.: When I came, he was watching TV. Когда я пришел, он смотрел

телевизор.

Когда два одновременных действия в прошлом имели продолженный характер, придаточное предложение присоединяется союзом while.

Eg.: While he was reading she was watching TV. Пока он читал,

она смотрела телевизор.

2) Для выражения чрезмерной продолжительности действия с такими выражениями, как: all day long, all the time, the whole day, during и др.

Eg.: They were working the whole Они вчера работали целый

day yesterday. день.

О б р а з о в а н и е.

Утвердительная форма.

Past Continuous образуется при помощи вспомогательного глагола to be в прошедшем времени (was, were) и смыслового глагола с окончанием -ing (Participle I).

was + V ing were

I (he, she, it) was reading.

We (you, they) were reading.

Отрицательная форма.

Отрицание в Past Continuous образуется при помощи добавления отрицательной частицы not к вспомогательному глаголу to be.

Eg.: She was not playing the piano.

They were not working in the garden.

Вопросительная форма.

Образуется путем перестановки вспомогательного глагола to be и подлежащего – вспомогательный глагол становится перед подлежащим на первое место.

0 место – вопросит. слово	1 место – вспомог. глагол	2 место – подлежа- щее	3 место – смысл. глагол	4 место дополне- ние	5 место – обстоят- во
Where	was	he	having	dinner?
Why	were	they	smiling	at you	at the party?

! Вопрос к подлежащему имеет ту же особенность, что и в Present Continuous Tense.

! Past Continuous, так же как и Present Continuous, обычно не употребляется с рядом глаголов (см. Present Continuous).

На русский язык Past Continuous переводится глаголами прошедшего времени несовершенного вида.

У П Р А Ж Н Е Н И Я

Упр. 54. Прочитайте. Назовите время у подчеркнутых сказуемых. Определите, какое действие они обозначают: 1) происходящего в определенный момент в прошлом, 2) регулярно повторяющегося в прошлом, 3) следующего одно за другим в прошлом, 4) законченного действия в прошлом.

1. This writer wrote about twenty plays. 2. I saw him in 1997. He was writing a new book then 3. The photographer was looking through the pictures when we came. 4. The photographer looked through more than fifty pictures and chose the best for the magazine. 5. She always said she had no time to see us. 6. She doesn’t remember what she was saying at the moment. 7. He was closing the door when he heard the telephone rang. 8. He closed the door and left the house.

1. At 8.15 …

Упр. 57. Закончите предложения, используя Past Continuous или Past Indefinite.

Model A: When I came home …

When I came home my Mum was cooking.

1. When he returned …

2. When the lesson began …

3. When you called me …

4. When he fell asleep …

5. When she came into the classroom …

6. When the bell rang …

7. When it started to rain …

8. When he entered the dancing-hall …

Model B: I was taking a bath when …

I was taking a bath when you called me.

1. She was doing her room when …

2. It was raining when …

3. He was sleeping when …

4. The students were discussing the problem when …

5. Mum was watching TV when …

6. They were working in the garden when …

7. Tom was driving home when …

8. The children were playing football when …

Model C: While he was having tea …

While he was having tea his wife was talking over the phone.

1. While they were having dinner …

2. While our group was having an English lesson …

3. While John was talking with his friend …

4. While it was snowing …

5. While she was sitting in an armchair …

6. While her son was playing the piano …

7. While he was listening to music …

8. While the students were having a break …

Model D: He … , when his mother … .

He was watching TV when his mother came.

He … , while his mother … .

He was watching TV while his mother was knitting.

1. She … , when her husband …. .

2. They … , while their children … .

3. The students … , when the teacher … .

4. I … , while he … .

5. The girls … , when their mother … .

6. We … , while they … .

7. The sportsmen … , when the coach … .

8. He … , when … .

Упр. 58. Ответьте на вопросы, используя Past Continuous или Past Indefinite.

1. What was tour friend doing when the teacher came into the classroom?

2. What were you doing from 9 till 12 yesterday?

3. Where did you go last week-end?

4. Was your mother busy yesterday?

5. How much money did you spend for dinner last week?

6. Was it snowing when the lesson began?

7. How long did it take you to get to the Academy yesterday?

8. When did the lesson begin?

9. Who was sitting in the classroom when you came?

10. Who did you invite for your last birthday party?

11. How many students were there at the lecture yesterday?

12. What was your friend doing when you saw him last time?

Упр. 59*. Поставьте предложения в вопросительную и отрицательную форму.

1. I was having dinner at 7 o’clock yesterday. 2. Kate was washing

dishes at 4 o’clock yesterday. 3. Nick and Kate were listening to music at that moment. 4. Peter was watching TV at that time. 5. My sister was working at the library from 6 to 7.

Упр. 60*. Поставьте вопросы к выделенным словам.

1. He was working in the library from 6 till 9. 2. He did the exercise in written form. 3. We were at the party yesterday. 4. The sportsmen were training the whole day yesterday. 5. Kate cut her finger. 6. There were five mistakes in his test. 7. It was snowing hard when we left the house. 8. It took me five minutes to read the article. 9. We were laughing at him when he entered the room. 10. Henry was busy because he was working in the garage.

Упр. 61*. Раскройте скобки, употребив глаголы в Past Continuous или Past Indefinite.

A.

1. I (to play) computer games yesterday. 2. I (to play) computer games at

5 o’clock yesterday. 3. He (to play) computer games from 2 till 3 yesterday. 4. We (to play) computer games the whole night yesterday. 5. What Nick (to do) when you (to come) to his place? 6. What you (to do) when I (to call) you. 7. I (not to sleep) at 9 o’clock yesterday. 8. What he (to do) yesterday? – He (to read) a book. 9. What he (to do) the whole evening yesterday? – He (to read) a book. 10. She (to sleep) when you (to come) home? 11. My brother (not to play) tennis yesterday. 12. My sister (not to play) the piano at 5 o’clock yesterday. 13. When I (to come) into the kitchen, Mother (to cook). 14. She (to cook) the whole day yesterday. 15. We (to clean) the room yesterday. 16. We (to clean) the room from 5 till 6 yesterday. 17. You (to do) your homework yesterday? 18. You (to do) your homework from 4 to 8 yesterday? 19. Why she (to sleep) at 7 o’clock yesterday? 20. He (to sit) at the table the whole evening yesterday.

B.

1. He (to get up) at 7 o’clock yesterday. 2. Father (to come) home at 8

o’clock yesterday. 3. I (to read) a book at 7 o’clock yesterday. 4. She (to fall) asleep at 10 o’clock yesterday. 5. Mother (to cook) dinner at 3 o’clock yesterday. 6. I (to finish) my homework at 5 o’clock yesterday. 7. I (to play) the piano at 7 o’clock yesterday. 8. He (to begin) to prepare for the seminar at 9 o’clock yesterday. 9. She (to skate) at 6 o’clock yesterday. 10. I (to meet) Nick at 6 o’clock yesterday. 11. When I (to come) home, Ann (to play) the piano. 12. When I (to meet) John, he (to go) to the station. 13. When I (to go) to the Institute, I (to see) a big crowd of people in the street. 14. They (to play) in the yard yesterday. 15. They (to play) in the yard the whole day yesterday. 16. When the teacher (to open) the door of the classroom, the students (to sit) at their desks.

C.

1. They (to translate) a difficult text yesterday. 2. I (to play) tennis at 5 o’clock yesterday. 3. You (to go) to the cinema yesterday? 4. I (not to see) Mike last week. 5. When I (to open) the door, my friends (to sit) around the table. 6. When you (to begin) doing your homework yesterday? 7. We (to discuss) the latest news the whole night yesterday. 8. When I (to read) the newspaper yesterday, I (to find) an interesting article there. 9. They (to go) to the forest last Sunday? 10. Mother (to cook) dinner at 4 o’clock yesterday. 11. She (to finish) cooking at 6 o’clock yesterday. 12. At half past four yesterday we (to have) tea. 13. You (to watch) TV yesterday? – Yes, we (to watch) TV the whole night. 14. When I (to come) home from school yesterday, my little brother (to sit) on the floor with all his toys around him. He (to play) with them. I (to tell) him to put his toys into the box as he (to make) much noise.

D.

1. George (to fall off) the ladder while he (to paint) the wall. 2. Last night I (to read) in bed when suddenly I (to hear) a scream. 3. You (to watch) TV when I (to phone) you? 4. Ann (to wait) for me when I (to arrive). 5. I (not to drive) fast yesterday when the accident (to happen). 6. I (to break) a plate last night. I (to do) the washing up when it (to slip) out of my hands. 7. Tom (to take) a photo of me while I (not to look). 8. We (not to go out) yesterday because it (to rain). 9. What you (to do) at this time yesterday?

E.

1. What you both (to do) at 7 o’clock yesterday? – I (to play) chess with

my brother and Ann (to listen) to the radio. 2. When the doctor (to leave) the room, he (to notice) somebody in the corridor. 3. When her father (to come) in, she (to sit) at table having tea. 4. Next day, when he (to shave), he (to cut) himself slightly. 5. The door of his room (to be) open; his mother still (to stand) at the window. 6. Smiling to himself, he (to begin) to make plans for the future. He still (to smile) when he (to walk up) to the house. 7. While the water (to heat), Mrs. Parker (to begin) to sweep the floor. 8. Mark (to see) the picture of Nelly in the morning paper, while he (to have) coffee. 9. It (to rain) when they (to come) out of the house. 10. Maggie just (to pass) the shop and (to head) for the door when she (to come) face to face with the tall man who (to enter).

Упр. 62*. Переведите на английский язык.

1. Когда я вошел в комнату, студенты обсуждали доклад. 2. Поезд приближался к станции, люди стояли у окон и махали руками. 3. Пассажиры не увидели Байкал: когда поезд проезжал мимо, была ночь. 4. Когда он прогуливался по улице, он встретил Джона. 5. Вчера в 6 вечера я ждал Тома на вокзале. 6. Она подошла к окну и посмотрела на улицу. Шел сильный дождь. 7. Он побежал к воротам, где стояла Анна. 8. Какую песню вы пели, когда мы пришли? 9. Когда я приехал, Елена, к сожалению, как раз уходила. 10. Мы как раз говорили о нем, когда он вошел. 11. Когда он проснулся, его жена сидела у окна. 12. Я делал уроки, когда он пришел.

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