Exercises

Exercise 25. a) What institutions _of further education (specialize secondary and higher schools) are available in this region ?

b) Where do you expect to find a greater choice of places in further education: in your region or in Atlanta (USA)?

c) Read the passage and compare the opportunities for further education in your region and in Atlanta (USA).

In Atlanta, Georgia, for instance, a city of half a million people, there are twenty institutions from which students can get a degree, including Atlanta University and Marehouse College, both of which were founded i_n the 19th century especially for black students (B-USA).

d)Discuss what new institutions of further education should be set up in your region.

Exercise 26. a) Ask your friends if the old-aged method of getting medicine from plants should be developed. b) Read the following passage and decide what medicine you may produce at home.

Plants such as willow were used to cure aches and pains and cinchona was used to treat malaria. These had their place in folk remedies long before their active ingredients were known aspirin from willow and quinine from cinchona. In the 1940s and 50s naturally occurring antibiotics such as penicillin were discovered, but by the 70s fewer natural products were proving useful (LC).

Exercise 27. a) Do you know what factors influence the development _of pneumonia and cancer? Discuss it with your partner, b) Read the following passage and decide if the explanati­ons given in it are convincing.

Strong genetic influences seem to prevail for infectious diseases such as pneumonia, tuberculosis, and bronchitis - commonly thought of as being 'caught' instead of inherited.

In contrast, family environment, not genetics seems to be the predominant factor with cancer: adoptees were five times more likely to die of cancer if one of their parents died before the age of 50. Life-style plays an important role in determining risks for heart diseases and cancer (RD).

c) Make up a list of factors which cause AIDS.

d) Decide which disease is more dangerous - cancer or AIDS.

Exercise 28. Make up stories about tennis and basketball choosing the necessary sentences from below. Use the suggested beginnings.

1. Tennis was first heard of in Europe in 1873.

2. Basketball began in November 1891 in Springfield College, Massachusetts.

1. It was a ball game with 13 basic rules. 2. A Lutheran pastor who taught philosophy and loved sport thought about it for a few days and showed the idea to the director. 3. The English major Clapton Wingfield returned from a trip to China and invited his friends to play a new game: court tennis. 4. Every time a student succeeded in getting the ball in the basket he earned two points for his team. 5. After only two years the court became rectangular and the net was lowered. 6. The teacher formed two teams with nine students each and hung two fruit baskets at the end of the gymnasium. 7. The caretaker came with a ladder to get the ball out. 8. So court tennis became lawn tennis. 9. The director was satisfied and a new sport was born. 10. Since then tennis has spread all over the world.

Exercise 29. a) How were you encouraged to behave at school. Decide if there may be any difference in the way school-children in this country and in America behave at school and at home.

3. Read the following passage and say if you approve of the way young Americans are brought up at school and athome.

Americans are encouraged to be independent at school. It is a tradition dating back to the 18th century, when American pioneers pushed the frontier further and further west, upheld by their courage. Young Americans are expected to discuss and even argue at home (B-USA).

4. Speak on how you will encourage your own children tobehave at school and at home.

Exercise 30. a) Make up a list of various ways of getting into college. Point out those which are difficult and easy.

3. Read the following passage and comment on your atti­tude to this way of getting into college.

A coach in the USA picks promising football players from the high school and recommends that they be given scholarships. This is the only way some boys from poor families with no intellectual background can get to college (B-USA).

4. Decide how you would change the rules of getting to college in this country.

Exercise 31. a) Do you think it will be interesting for your friends to visit the Tate Gallery in London?

3. Read the passage and decide how much time each of your friends is likely to spend in the Tate Gallery.

The National Gallery of British Art, better-known as the Tate Gallery, was given to the nation by a rich sugar merchant, Sir Henry Tate, who had a taste for the fine arts. It overlooks the Thames, not far from the Houses of Parliament. English artists are naturally well represented here, and the Tate has a range of modern works, including sculptures by foreign artists. This, of all London galleries, is the young people's gallery. It has been stated that three quarters of its visitors are under twenty-five (ABC-K).

4. Decide what galleries or other places of entertainment can draw young people in this countiy.

Exercise 32. a) Many people are eager to visit the Royal National Theatre in London. Do you know why?

3. Read the following passage and decide why the Royal National Theatre attracts so many people.

The Royal National Theatre stands on the South Bank of the Thames, next to Waterloo Bridge, commanding some of the best views of London. It contains three theatres - the Olivier (named after Laurence Olivier, its first director), the Syttelton, and the Cottesloe - its own restaurant (Ovations), some of the country's leading bookshops, bars, buffets, spacious foyers and a car park. The Royal National Theatre gives audiences a choice of at least six different productions at any one time. It always presents a wide repertoire, embracing the whole of world drama: classics, new and neglected plays (ABC-K).

4. Decide if there is any theatre like this in this country.

Exercise 33. Speak on the following situations paying attention to the local orientating names.

1. Select the most prestigious universities and colleges of this country. Decide what your college is lacking to be among them.

2. Decide which is the most popular academic subject with the students of your group.

3. Decide what kinds of sports your teacher should go in for.

4. Decide what diseases can be prevented by going in for sports.

5. Make up a list of diseases 'popular' with students.

3. Stage a contest 'Who knows the cathedrals and churches of the city (capital) well?'.

Exercise 34. Speak on the following situations paying attention to the use of articles with names of places of entertainment.

1. Point out the most famous place of entertainment in your city (the capital of this country). Justify your choice.

2. You are going to have a wedding-party. Choose the most suitable restaurant for it.

3. Your fellow-students are eager to go to the theatre. Decide which theatre in the capital of this country will be the best for the purpose.

4. You are sure to have visited some picture galleries. Decide which of them has the most valuable collection.

5. Compare the places of entertainment in London and in the capital of this country.