Unit 3. Family. Text: Home.

Grammar: The verb “To Have”.

Практические цели: Ознакомление с лексическим материалом по теме “Family”. Ознакомление с новым грамматическим материалом, развитие навыков изучающего чтения и перевода на основе текста “Home”, развитие умений и навыков аудирования, просмотрового чтения.

Home.

George Meadows, the master of a prosperous farm, was then a man of fifty, and his wife was a year or two younger. Their three daughters were lovely and their two sons were handsome and strong. They were merry, industrious and kindly. They were happy and deserved their happiness. But the real master of the house was not George, it was his mother. She was about 70, tall, with grey hair and though her face was wrinkled, her eyes were dark, bright and shrewd.

I knew the story of George's mother and his uncle, whose name was George. About fifty years ago uncle George and his younger brother, was a good-looking fellow, but not so steady as his brother, that's why Emily chose Tom. George had gone away to sea for twenty years. Now and then he sent them presents. Then there was no news of him. When Tom died Mrs. Meadows wrote George about it but they never got an answer and decided that he must be dead …

Some days ago to their greatest surprise they got a letter, which informed them that George Meadows, who was ill and felt that he had not much longer to live wanted to see the house in which he was born. I was invited, tо come and see him.

It goes without saying I accepted the invitation. I found the whole family in the kitchen. I was amused to see that Mrs. Meadows wore her best silk dress. I was introduced to the old captain. He was very thin and his skin hung on his bones like an old suit that was too large for him. He had lost nearly all his teeth. It was strange to see those two old people and to think that half a century ago he had loved her and she was in love with another.

"Have you ever been married, Captain Meadows?" I asked. — "Not me," he said and added: "I said I would never marry anyone but you, Emily, and I never have". There was some satisfaction in his voice.

Topical vocabulary.

1. Master хозяин

2. prosperous farm процветающая ферма

3. lovely прекрасный

4. handsome красивый (о мужчинах)

5. strong сильный

6. merry веселый

7. industrious трудолюбивый

8. kind добрый

9. to deserve заслужить

10. happiness счастье

11. wrinkled морщинистый

12. shrewd проницательный

13. to court ухаживать

14. good-looking приятный

15. steady упрямый

16. to get an answer получить ответ

17. to one's great surprise к великому удивлению

18. to be invited быть приглашенным

19. to accept the invitation принять приглашение

20. to be in love with любить

21. to be married быть женатым, замужем

22. satisfaction удовлетворение

Ex. 1. Read and translate the text.

Ex. 2. Answer the questions.

1. How old was George Meadows?

2. Was his wife older or younger than be?

3. How many children did they have?

4. What were his daughters like?

5. What were his sons like?

6. Why did they deserve to be happy?

7. Who was the real master of the house?

8. How old was George’s mother?

9. What was the name of George’s uncle?

10. Who had courted Mrs. Meadows when she was Emily Green?

11. Whom did Emily marry?

12. Why did Emily marry Tom not George?

13. What did George, Tom’s brother, do?

14. Why did George go to sea?

15. Why did Mrs. Meadows decide that George was dead?

16. What did a letter inform them of?

17. Why did George decide to return?

18. Why had Captain Meadows never married anyone?

Ex. 3. Find in the text English equivalents to the following:

хозяин фермы; пятидесятилетний мужчина; дочери очаровательные; сыновья красивые и сильные; они заслужили своё счастье; ей было около 70; оба ухаживали за Мисс Грин; она выбрала Тома; отправился в море (стал моряком); не было никаких известий; дом, где он родился; немного осталось жить; само собой разумеется; принял решение; был женат; меня представили старому капитану.

Ex. 4. Translate the sentences paying special attention to the italicized parts.

1. He was in his late eighties.

2. Elaine Kent was well in her twenties.

3. They were long past forty.

4. He didn’t look his age.

5. We were born in the same generation.

6. Roma was two years my senior.

7. He was seven years her junior.

8. He is of short lived stock.

9. My family on both sides is noted for longevity.

10. Bairne is gone.

Grammar: The Verb “To Have”.

The verb “to have” in the Present Indefinite Tense.

Positive form	Negative Form	Questions
I have (got) (I’ve got)	I have not got	Have I got?
You have (got) (You’ve got)	You have not got	Have you got?
He has (got) (he’s got)	He has not got	Has he got?
She has (got) (she’s got)	She has not got	Has she got?
It has (got) (it’s got)	It has not got	Has it got?
We have (got) (we’ve got)	We have not got	Have we got?
You have (got) (you’ve got)	You have not got	Have you got?
They have (got) (they’ve got)	They have not got	Have they got?

In negatives and questions you can also use do / does + have.

They don’t have any children. (= They haven’t got any children.)

Does Ann have a car? (= Has Ann got a car?)

When to have is used in the following expressions:

• to have dinner (breakfast) -обедать, завтракать

• to have tea (coffee) - пить чай, кофе

• to have a bath (a shower) - принять ванну, душ

• to have a shave ( a wash) -побриться, помыться

• to have a rest (a sleep, a dream) -отдохнуть, поспать, помечтать

• to have a holiday (a good time) -отдохнуть, хорошо провести время

in negative and interrogative forms it takes the auxiliary verb to do:

Do you have tea or coffee for breakfast?

Where does he have dinner?

Ex. 5. Put in have got (‘ve got), has got(‘s got) ,haven’t got or hasn’t got.

1.They like flowers. They’ve got a lot of roses in their garden.

2. Jane hasn’t got a car. She goes everywhere

3. Everybody likes Tom. He …. a lot of friends.

4. Mr. and Mrs. Eastwood …. two children, a boy and a girl.

5. An insect …. six legs.

6. I can’t open the door. I ….a key.

7. Quick! Hurry! We …. much time.

8. “What’s wrong?”- “I ….. something in my eye.”

9. Ben doesn’t read much. He …. many books.

10. It’s a nice town. It …. a very nice shopping center.

11. Mother is going to the dentist.

12.”Where is my newspaper ?”- “I don’t know. I …. It.”

Ex. 6. Extend the sentences according to the example.

Example: I always have sandals in the summer (this summer).

I haven’t got any sandals this summer.

1.They have seminars every month.

2.They have a lot of flowers in their garden every summer (this summer).

3.We have a letter from home every week (this week).

4.He often has a sore throat (today).

5.I usually have warm shoes in the winter (this winter).

6.She has a new dress every summer (this summer).

7. They always have a light supper (tonight).

8. I often have a headache in the evening (tonight).

Ex. 7. Translate into English.

1. ^{У них три собаки и три кошки.}

2. ^{У нее большие зеленые глаза.}

3. ^{У моего брата голубая машина.}

4. ^{Сколько у вас земли?}

5. ^{У нас не было машины в прошлом году.}

6. ^{У меня вчера болела голова.}

7. ^{У вас есть книги по истории Англии?}

8. ^{Она хорошо провела отпуск на юге.}

9. ^{Когда вы пьете чай?}

Unit 4.

APPEARANCE.

Text: Looking in the Mirror.

Grammar: The Comparison of Adjectives.

Практические цели: Практиковать студентов в устной речи по теме “Appearance”, закрепление грамматического и лексического материла, практиковать студентов в изложении текста «Looking in the Mirror”.

Looking in the Mirror.

He got up and tried to see himself in the dirty looking glass over the wash-stand. He saw the head and face of a young fellow of twenty. Above a square-domed forehead he saw a mop of brown hair, nut-brown, with a wave to it and hints of curls, making hands tingle to stroke it. But he passed it by, and dwelt long and thoughtfully on the high square forehead. What kind of brain lay behind it?

He wondered if there was soul in those steel-gray eyes that were often quite blue of colour and that were strong with the salty air of the sea. Well, they were honest eyes, he concluded. The brown sunburn of his face surprised him.

His mouth might have been an angel's mouth, had not the full, sensuous lips a habit of drawing firmly across the teeth. At times so tightly did they draw, the mouth became stern and harsh. The chin and jaw were strong and just hinting of square aggressiveness. And between the lips were teeth that were white and strong and regular.

Topical vocabulary.

1. to see oneself увидеть себя

2. dirty грязный

3. looking-glass зеркало

4. wash-stand умывальник

5. head голова

6. fellow парень

7. square-domed квадратный

8. forehead лоб

9. mop of hear шапка, копна волос

10. nut-brown каштановый

11. curls кудряшки

12. to dwell размышлять

13. thoughtfully задумчиво

14. honest честный

15. to conclude прийти к заключению

16. sunburn загар

17. sensuous lips чувственные губы

18. chin подбородок

19. jaw челюсть

20. aggresivness агрессивность

Ex. 1. Answer the questions.

How does Jack London describe:

a) Martin's hair?

b) Martin's eyes?

c) Martin s mouth?

4. Do yon think the author likes his hero or doesn’t like him^? Prove your point.

Ex. 2. Find the Russian equivalents to the following:

Square-domed; a mop; nut-brown; a high forehead; sunburn;

a mouth; full lips; a strong chin; regular teeth.

Ex. 3. Reproduce the description of the young man as close to the text, as you can.

Ex. 4. There was a bank robbery in Western London. Suppose you are a witness to this crime and help the Police to identify the robber. Use the following key words and phrases to describe him.

1. Age: elderly, middle –aged, young, under 30, past 40 …

2. Height: tall, short, thick neck, broad – shouldered …

3. Build: slim, stout, thick neck, broad – shouldered …

4. Face: long, round, thin, wrinkled, oval …

5. Hair: long, straight, curly, blond, bald – headed, bobbed …

6. Eyes: close – set, dark – eyed, bulging, small …

7. Nose: straight, hooked, blunt …

8. Ears: stick out …

9. Distinctive marks: freckles, hunchback, a mole on his right cheek, beard, moustache …

Grammar: The Comparison of Adjectives.

Common comparative and superlative forms:

• We use the comparative when comparing one person or thing with another.

• We use the superlative when comparing one person or thing with more than one.

Adjectives		Comparative	Superlative
One-syllable and some two-syllable words ending in –y, -er, -ow,-le	Hot Large Narrow Simple	… + - er hotter larger narrower simpler	… + - est hottest largest narrowest simplest
Two or more syllable words	Beautiful Interesting	More + …	Most + …
		More beautiful More interesting	Most beautiful Most interesting
Irregular forms	Good Bad Old Far	Better Worse Older Elder Farther Further	The best The worst The oldest The eldest The farthest The furthest

NOTE:

• Some two syllable adjectives like happy (clever, common, narrow, pleasant, quiet, simple, stupid) have two comparative or superlative forms:

-either with – er / est:

She is cleverer than you. She is the cleverest person I know.

- or with more / the most

She is more clever than you. She is the most clever person I know

Comparative and superlative forms often confused:

• Further and farther refer to distance:

London is five miles further/farther.

• Further (not farther) can mean “in addition”:

There is no further information.

• We use elder/eldest before a noun only with reference to people in a family:

my elder brother/son, the eldest child, he is the eldest

(but not: He is elder than me)

We use older/oldest for people and things:

He is older than I am. This book is older.

• Lesser is formed from less but it is a true comparative. We can not use than after it. Lesser

means not so great and we use it in fixed phrases like: the lesser of two evils.

• Latest/last:

I bought the latest (i.e. most recent) edition of today’s paper.

I bought the last (i.e. final) edition of today’s paper.

• The comparative and superlative of little is smaller/smallest:

a small/little boy, a smaller/the smallest boy.

Ex. 5. Give the comparative and superlative of the following adjectives:

Polite, happy, glad, complete, honorable, shy, dry, just, free, recent, merry, uncomfortable, hot, accurate, narrow, real, sweet, right, wicked, yellow, cozy, merciful, bad, fat, cheap, stupid, miserable, simple, lazy, old, serious, tiny, beautiful, interesting, considerate, intimate, good, much, dark, expensive, clumsy, significant, sad, bitter, clever, little, dear, far.

Ex. 6. Give both comparative and superlative forms where possible.

1. His brother is talented.

(than he)- His brother is more than he.

(person I have ever met)- His brother is the most talented person I have ever met.

1. His work was careless.

(than mine)

(in the class)

2. Basketball is popular.

(than tennis)

(in the USA)

3. This watch is expensive.

(than that one)

(in the shop)

4. Tuesday is convenient for me.

(than Friday)

(of all week-days)

Ex. 7. Choose the right forms in these sentences. In some cases both forms are right.

1. Is this station is much (farther/further)? 2. You’ll find the explanation (farther/further) on.

3. Your record is (worse/worst) than mine. 4. It is the (less/lesser) of two evils.

5. She always wears the (last/latest) fashion. 6. We have no (farther/further) information.

7. Nick skates (good/well). 8. His (last/latest) words were: “The end”. 9. She is the (oldest/eldest) member of our family. 10. My flat is (little/smaller) than yours. 11. I’ve got (less/lesser) patience than you. 12. He is much (older/elder) than his wife. 13. This is the (more/most) beautiful picture I’ve ever seen. 14. His English is (best/better) than mine. 15. She is (best/better) now. 16. It is the (farthest/furthest) point west.

Ex. 8. Translate into English

1. Купите обои посветлее для вашей комнаты.

2. Сегодня холоднее чем вчера.

3. Суп хорошо пахнет, а на вкус еще лучше.

4. Он становится все слабее и слабее.

5. Грамматика русского языка сложнее грамматики английского.

6. Это самое красивое здание в нашем городе.

7. Эта комната лучшая в квартире.

8. Она на пять лет младше меня.

9. Это кратчайший путь до театра.