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Subjunctive II

simple

sentences

  • to express wish;

if only / oh if / oh that + sb + did sth / have done sth

  • to express preference or advisability;

sb + better / rather + do sth

complex sentences

  • in subject clauses introduced by the anticipatory it;

it is / was time sb did sth

  • in object clauses after expressions of wish;

sb + the verb wish + sb did sth / had done sth

sb + the verb wish + sb could do sth

sb + the verb wish + sb might have done sth

I wish / wished sb would do sth

  • in predicative clauses;

it looks / seems + as if / as though + sb did sth / had dome sth

  • in adverbial clauses of comparison or manner;

sb looks / seems / does sth as if / as though sb did sth

sb looks / seems / does sth as if / as though sb had done sth

  • in adverbial clauses of unreal condition;

if sb did sth I / we should do sth

if sb did sth sb would do sth

if sb had done sth sb could / might do sth

if sb had done sth sb could / might have done sth

if sb should do sth I / we shall do sth

if sb should do sth sb will do sth

should sb do sth do sth

if sb would do sth I / we should do sth

if sb would do sth sb would do sth

  • in adverbial clauses of concession;

even if / even though sb did sth I / we should do sth

even if / even though sb did sth sb would do sth

even if / even though sb had done sth I / we should have done sth

even if / even though sb had done sth sb would have done sth

* Today there is no universally accepted classification of verbal mood forms. Scholars distinguish syntactical (If I were you ...) and analytical (I would stay...) moods, past and present moods (I wish I stayed there longer.  I demand that he stay.). From the sematical point of view the so-called imperative, subjunctive, conditional and suppositional moods are distinguished. In some grammar boks, besides the direct and oblique moods, the so-called imperative mood is distinguished. Problems in treating the category of mood in English are also caused by the fact that the whole system of the mood is not stable.