- •1. Geographical position of the uk and its significance.
- •3. Climate and weather in the uk.
- •4.Ancient Britain: early prehistoric evidence, prehistoric monuments.
- •5. Anglo-Saxon Britain, the Heptarchy.
- •6. Norman Invasion. Norman Britain - Social and Political Developments.
- •Conquest of England
- •Значение нормандского завоевания:
- •8. The Seventeenth Century - the Rise of Puritanism. The Civil War; the Restoration. The Great Plague, the Great Fire of London
- •9. The 18th Century: the political parties, expansion of the empire. The Agricultural Revolution.
- •10. Britain and the Napoleonic Wars.
- •Victorian Britain. Victorian values.
- •11. The rise of Liberalism and the working class in the late 19th century; creation of the Labour Party.
- •12. Great Britain in the First World War.
- •13. Great Britain in the Second World War.
- •15. Creation of the affluent society in gb in the 20 century
- •28. Great Britain and the European Union
- •16. Scottish national symbols and notable Scots.
- •17. Welsh national symbols.
- •18. Irish national symbols, notables and signs of national identity.
- •Irish and Scottish Problems
- •19. Ethnic Minorities in Great Britain; immigration to the uk.
- •20. The United Kingdom as a Constitutional Monarchy.
- •21. The Origin and the Present-Day Role of the British Parliament.
- •23.The Functions of the uk’s Cabinet.(Prime-Minister)
- •24. The Labour Party now.
- •25. British election system: for and against
- •26. The Type of Ownership and Structure of Britain's economy: the changes it underwent in the 20th century.
- •43. Religion and church in Britain.
- •32. The History of the English Language: the Middle English Period.
- •33. The History of the English Language: the Early Modern English Period.
17. Welsh national symbols.
The Flag of Wales (Y Ddraig Goch) incorporates the red dragon of Prince Cadwalader along with the Tudor colours of green and white. It was used by Henry VII at the battle of Bosworth in 1485 after which it was carried in state to St. Paul's Cathedral. The red dragon was then included in the Tudor royal arms to signify their Welsh descent. It was officially recognised as the Welsh national flag in 1959. Since the British Union Flag does not have any Welsh representation, the Flag of Wales has become very popular.
The Dragon, part of the national flag design, is also a popular Welsh symbol.
The leek is also a national emblem of Wales. According to legend, Saint David ordered his Welsh soldiers to identify themselves by wearing the vegetable on their helmets in an ancient battle against the Saxons that took place in a leek field.
The daffodil is the national flower of Wales, and is worn on St David's Day each March 1. бледно-желтый нарцисс
The Flag of Saint David is sometimes used as an alternative to the national flag, and is flown on St David's Day.
The Coat of Arms of the Principality of Wales is used by Charles, Prince of Wales in his personal standard.
The Prince of Wales's feathers, the heraldic badge of the Prince of Wales is sometimes adapted by Welsh bodies for use in Wales. The symbolism is explained on the article for Edward, the Black Prince, who was the first Prince of Wales to bear the emblem; see also John, king of Bohemia. The Welsh Rugby Union uses such a design for its own badge.
18. Irish national symbols, notables and signs of national identity.
Pub culture .
In more recent times, Ireland has produced four winners of the Nobel Prize for Literature; George Bernard Shaw, William Butler Yeats, Samuel Beckett and Seamus Heaney .
Events:
Cork Jazz Festival
Dublin Theatre Festival .
The tricolour has been the national flag of Ireland since 1919, when the Irish Republic was established by the first Dáil.
The problem of Ulster.
Irish and Scottish Problems
During the 1970s, successive British governments also faced difficulties in Ireland and Scotland. A civil rights movement supporting social equality for the Roman Catholic minority in Northern Ireland clashed violently with Protestant extremists. In 1969 the British government sent troops to keep order, and in 1972 it abolished Northern Ireland’s autonomous parliament. A campaign of terrorism by the Irish Republican Army (IRA) followed; its aim was to unite Northern Ireland with the Irish Republic in defiance of the wishes of a majority of the Northern Irish people. British measures gradually curbed but could not totally halt the wave of bombings and killings in Northern Ireland and England. In Scotland, a Scottish Nationalist Party scored impressive gains in the elections of 1974, and Callaghan’s ministry attempted to set up a semi-independent parliament in Edinburgh. When only 33 percent of the Scottish electorate supported the plan in a 1979 referendum, the project died, at least temporarily.