Мищенко С.В., Жилкин В.М. и др. Автоматизация аналитического контроля технологических процессов

Fbgbkl_jkl\h h[jZah\Zgby Jhkkbckdhc N_^_jZpbb

LZf[h\kdbc ]hkm^Zjkl\_gguc l_ogbq_kdbc mgb\_jkbl_l

:<LHF:LBA:PBY :G:EBLBQ?KDH=H DHGLJHEY L?OGHEH=BQ?KDBO IJHP?KKH<

F_lh^bq_kdb_ mdZaZgby

LZf[h\

Ba^Zl_evkl\h L=LM

P?EV B A:>:QB >BIEHFGH=H IJH?DLBJH<:GBY

Jmdh\h^bl_ev ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ

\u^Z_l klm^_glm aZ^Zgb_ ih k[hjm fZl_jbZeZ d ^biehfghfm ijh_dlm \h \j_fy ij_^^biehfghc ijZdlbdb

gZ i_j\hc g_^_e_ ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlbjh\Zgby \u^Z_l klm^_glm aZ^Zgb_ gZ ^biehfguc ijh_dl dhlhjh_ ml\_j`^Z_lky aZ\_^mxsbf dZn_^jhc k mdZaZgb_f kjhdZ ij_^klZ\e_gby ]hlh\h]h ijh_dlZ gZ ijhkfhlj jmdh\h^bl_ex

hdZau\Z_l klm^_glm ihfhsv \ jZajZ[hld_ dZe_g^Zjgh]h ieZgZ jZ[hlu gZ^ ijh_dlhf

j_dhf_g^m_l klm^_glm g_h[oh^bfmx hkgh\gmx ebl_jZlmjm b ^jm]b_ bklhqgbdb ih l_f_

ijh\h^bl kbkl_fZlbq_kdbc dhgljhev jZ[hlu klm^_glZ gZ^ ijh_dlhf b ^Z_l ^biehfgbdm dhgkmevlZpbb

H[yaZgghklb klm^_glZ

Klm^_gl h[yaZg kbkl_fZlbq_kdb y\eylvky gZ dhgkmevlZpbb kh]eZkgh jZkibkZgbx b ij_^klZ\eylv gZagZq_gguf dhgkmevlZglZf b jmdh\h^bl_ex khhl\_lkl\mxsbc ]jZnbdm h[t_f \uiheg_gghc jZ[hlu AZ ijbgylu_ \ ^biehfghf ijh_dl_ j_r_gby b aZ ijZ\bevghklv \k_o ^Zgguo hl\_qZ_l klm^_gl Z\lhj ijh_dlZ

Ij_^\Zjbl_evgZy aZsblZ

AZdhgq_gguc ^biehfguc ijh_dl ih^ibkZgguc klm^_glhf b dhgkmevlZglZfb ij_^klZ\ey_lky jmdh\h^bl_ex Ihke_ ijhkfhljZ ijh_dlZ jmdh\h^bl_ev ih^ibku\Z_l ijh_dl Ih^ibkb jmdh\h^bl_ey gZ ihykgbl_evghc aZibkd_ b ebklZo ]jZnbq_kdh]h fZl_jbZeZ y\eyxlky ^himkdhf ^ey ij_^\Zjbl_evghc aZsblu klm^_glhf k\h_]h ijh_dlZ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k jZkibkZgb_f ij_^\Zjbl_evguo aZsbl

>biehfgbd ^himkdZ_lky d ij_^\Zjbl_evghc aZsbl_ ijb gZebqbb iheghklvx aZ\_jr_gghc b ih^ibkZgghc jmdh\h^bl_e_f b \k_fb dhgkmevlZglZfb jZ[hlu aZibkdb b ]jZnbq_kdbo ebklh\ < p_ehf ijh_dl ^he`_g m^h\e_l\hjylv ke_^mxsbf lj_[h\Zgbyf

h[t_f ihykgbl_evghc aZibkdb kljZgbp fZrbghibkgh]h l_dklZ : beb jmdhibkgh]h

kljZgbp

h[t_f ]jZnbq_kdhc qZklb ebklh\ :

kh^_j`Zlv h[hkgh\Zgb_ ZdlmZevghklb gZagZq_gb_ p_ev ijh_dlZkh^_j`Zlv l_ogbq_kdh_ aZ^Zgb_ gZ ijh_dlbjh\Zgb_

h[yaZl_evgh_ hk\ys_gb_ \hijhkh\ l_ogheh]bb

h[hkgh\Zgb_ nbabdh obfbq_kdbo hkgh\ dhgljheygZebqb_ l_hj_lbq_kdhc qZklb \ ijh_dl_

gZebqb_ f_ljheh]bq_kdhc hp_gdb jZajZ[hldb

gZebqb_ \u\h^h\ ih ijh_dlm aZdexq_gb_

h[yaZl_evgh_ bkihevah\Zgb_ \uqbkebl_evghc l_ogbdb

gZebqb_ dhgkljmdlhjkdhc jZajZ[hldbgZebqb_ aZdZaguo ki_pbnbdZpbc

ijZdlbq_kdmx j_ZebaZpbx ijh_dlZ q_jl_`b sblh\ fhglZ`gu_ \g_rgbo kh_^bg_gbc iblZgby ljZkk b l i

gZebqb_ \lhjh]h wda_fieyjZ aZ^Zgby gZ ^biehfgh_ ijh_dlbjh\Zgb_

gZebqb_ ZgghlZpbb gZ ^\mo yaudZo

aZiheg_ggh]h [eZgdZ aZdexq_gby dZn_^ju ih ^himkdm d aZsbl_

gZebqb_ ih^ibkb ghjfhdhgljhe_jZ \ ihykgbl_evghc aZibkd_ b gZ ebklZo ]jZnbq_kdh]h fZl_jbZeZgZebqb_ jZa^_eh\ ih wdhghfbd_ [_ahiZkghklb `bag_^_yl_evghklb b l_ogbdb [_ahiZkghklb

Ihke_ mki_rghc ij_^aZsblu jmdh\h^bl_ev ij_^klZ\ey_l ^biehfguc ijh_dl \f_kl_ kh k\hbf ibkvf_gguf hlau\hf aZ\_^mxs_fm dZn_^jhc < hlau\_ ^he`gZ [ulv ^ZgZ oZjZdl_jbklbdZ ijh^_eZgghc jZ[hlu ih ijh_dlm \ p_ehf

>hihegbl_evgh ^biehfgbd fh`_l ij_^klZ\blv

ibkvfh ij_^ijbylby k ijhkv[hc jZajZ[hlZlv ^Zggmx l_fm

hlau\ ij_^ijbylby gZ ^biehfguc ijh_dl

klZlvb iZl_glu jZpbhgZebaZlhjkdb_ ij_^eh`_gby b l i

Klm^_glu ^biehfgbdb fh]ml \u[jZlv ^_gv aZsblu ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ ihke_ ijhoh`^_gby ij_^aZsblu \ ihjy^d_ hq_j_^ghklb ih kh]eZkh\Zgbx k k_dj_lZj_f =:D

>biehfgbdb ijhr_^rb_ ij_^aZsblm ihemqZxl hlau\ jmdh\h^bl_ey k hp_gdhc ih^ibkb aZ\_^mxs_]h dZn_^jhc b gZijZ\e_gb_ gZ j_p_gabx m k_dj_lZjy =:D

>himkd d aZsbl_

AZ\_^mxsbc dZn_^jhc gZ hkgh\Zgbb ij_^klZ\e_gguo fZl_jbZeh\ j_rZ_l \hijhk h ^himkd_ klm^_glZ d aZsbl_ ?keb aZ\_^mxsbc dZn_^jhc g_ kqblZ_l \hafh`guf ^himklblv klm^_glZ d aZsbl_ ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ wlhl \hijhk jZkkfZljb\Z_lky gZ aZk_^Zgbb dZn_^ju k mqZklb_f jmdh\h^bl_ey ijh_dlZ Ijhlhdhe aZk_^Zgby ij_^klZ\ey_lky gZ ml\_j`^_gb_ j_dlhjm mgb\_jkbl_lZ

Ijh_dl ^hims_gguc d aZsbl_ gZijZ\ey_lky aZ\_^mxsbf dZn_^jhc gZ j_p_gabx J_p_ga_glu ml\_j`^Zxlky ijbdZahf j_dlhjZ b y\eyxlky ]eZ\gufb beb \_^msbfb ki_pbZebklZfb ijhba\h^kl\Z gZmqguo mqj_`^_gbc Z lZd`_ ij_ih^Z\Zl_eb ^jm]bo \mah\ beb mgb\_jkbl_lZ _keb hgb g_ jZ[hlZxl gZ ijhnbebjmxs_c dZn_^j_ >biehfguc ijh_dl

>biehfguc ijh_dl ihke_ aZsblu ojZgblky gZ dZn_^j_ \ l_q_gb_ iylb e_l ihke_ q_]h kibku\Z_lky ih Zdlm Ijb g_h[oh^bfhklb i_j_^Zqb ijh_dlZ ij_^ijbylbx beb mqj_`^_gbx ^ey \g_^j_gby \ ijhba\h^kl\h k ijh_dlZ kgbfZ_lky dhiby k jZaj_r_gby aZ\_^mxs_]h dZn_^jhc

KLJMDLMJ: >BIEHFGH=H IJH?DL:

< khklZ\ ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ \oh^yl jZkq_lgh ihykgbl_evgZy aZibkdZ gZ kljZgbpZo jmdhibkgh]h kljZgbpZo fZrbghibkgh]h l_dklZ b ]jZnbq_kdZy qZklv h[t_fhf g_ f_g__

ebklh\ q_jl_`_c nhjfZlZ : u ff

KhklZ\ ihykgbl_evghc aZibkdb

JZkq_lgh ihykgbl_evgZy aZibkdZ ^he`gZ \dexqZlv \ k_[y \ mdZaZgghc ihke_^h\Zl_evghklb ke_^mxs__

lblmevguc ebkl

\_^hfhklv ijh_dlZ \ khhl\_lkl\bb k =HKL

aZ^Zgb_ gZ ^biehfguc ijh_dlZgghlZpbx

kh^_j`Zgb_

i_j_q_gv khdjZs_gbc mkeh\guo h[hagZq_gbc kbf\heh\ _^bgbp b l_jfbgh\\\_^_gb_

bkoh^gu_ ^Zggu_ ^ey ijh_dlbjh\Zgby Z\lhfZlbaZpbb ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey l_ogheh]bq_kdh]h ijhp_kkZ

l_ogbq_kdh_ aZ^Zgb_ gZ ijh_dlbjh\Zgb_

h[ahj b ZgZeba kms_kl\mxsbo ko_f Z\lhfZlbaZpbb ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey b h[hkgh\Zgb_

\u[hjZ gZb[he__ p_e_khh[jZaghc ko_fu Z\lhfZlbaZpbb ijh_dlbjm_fh]h l_ogheh]bq_kdh]h ijhp_kkZ

jZajZ[hldm kbkl_fu Z\lhfZlbaZpbb b ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey ijh_dlbjm_fh]h l_ogheh]bq_kdh]h ijhp_kkZ

jZajZ[hldm ki_pbZevghc qZklb ijh_dlZ

jZkq_l qbke_ggh]h khklZ\Z kem`[u DBIb: khklZ\e_gb_ ]jZnbdZ IIJ LK:l_ogbdh wdhghfbq_kdh_ h[hkgh\Zgb_ ijh_dlZ

f_jhijbylby ih [_ahiZkghklb `bag_^_yl_evghklb b ijhba\h^kl\_gghc kZgblZjbbjZa^_e ih ]jZ`^Zgkdhc h[hjhg_

aZdexq_gb_

kibkhd bkihevam_fuo bklhqgbdh\

ijbeh`_gby

KhklZ\ ]jZnbq_kdhc qZklb ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ

Bkoh^gu_ ^Zggu_ ^ey ijh_dlbjh\Zgby Z\lhfZlbaZpbb

ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey l_ogheh]bq_kdh]h ijhp_kkZ

< wlhf jZa^_e_ ijb\h^yl djZldmx oZjZdl_jbklbdm l_ogheh]bq_kdh]h ijhp_kkZ ijhba\h^kl\Z lj_[h\Zgby l_ogheh]bq_kdh]h j_]eZf_glZ hkgh\gu_ j_r_gby lbih\h]h ijh_dlZ Z\lhfZlbaZpbb lj_[h\Zgby ih dZq_kl\m :gZeba ijhp_kkZ dZd h[t_dlZ j_]mebjh\Zgby y\ey_lky \Z`guf wlZihf \ jZajZ[hld_ kbkl_fu Z\lhfZlbaZpbb Ijb wlhf \uy\eyxlky \k_ kms_kl\_ggu_ \oh^gu_ b \uoh^gu_ i_j_f_ggu_ h[t_dlZ Bkoh^gufb ^Zggufb kem`Zl fZl_fZlbq_kdZy fh^_ev ijhp_kkZ beb klZlbq_kdZy fh^_ev \ \b^_ mjZ\g_gbc fZl_jbZevgh]h b l_ieh\h]h [ZeZgkh\

<k_ kms_kl\_ggu_ nZdlhju \ebyxsb_ gZ ijhp_kk ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey b mijZ\e_gby jZa[b\Zxl gZ ke_^mxsb_ ]jmiiu

\hafms_gby ^himkdZxsb_ klZ[bebaZpbx

dhgljhebjm_fu_ \hafms_gby

g_dhgljhebjm_fu_ \hafms_gby

mijZ\eyxsb_ \ha^_ckl\by

i_j_f_ggu_ khklhygby \uoh^gu_ i_j_f_ggu_

:gZeba kms_kl\_gguo nZdlhjh\ iha\hey_l \ i_j\hf ijb[eb`_gbb \u[jZlv dZgZeu mijZ\e_gby b kljmdlmju ijh_dlbjm_fuo :KDbM

DZq_kl\_ggu_ ihdZaZl_eb fh]ml [ulv baf_j_gu eb[h ijb[hjZfb mklZgh\e_ggufb gZ h[t_dl_ eb[h bgkljmf_glZevgufb beb eZ[hjZlhjgufb f_lh^Zfb Hldehg_gb_ dZq_kl\Z ijh^mdpbb hl klZg^Zjlh\ ijb\h^bl d \iheg_ hq_\b^guf wdhghfbq_kdbf ihl_jyf ijh^mdl eb[h kibku\Zxl eb[h gZijZ\eyxl gZ ih\lhjgmx h[jZ[hldm

:\lhfZlbaZpby dhgljhey b mijZ\e_gby \iheg_ fh`_l h[_ki_qblv klZ[bebaZpbx i_j_f_gguo khklhygby ijhba\h^kl\Z b l_f kZfuf klZ[bevgh_ dZq_kl\h ijh^mdpbb [eZ]h^Zjy hi_jZlb\ghfm dhgljhex b mijZ\e_gbx

:gZeba bkoh^guo ^Zgguo ^he`_g \uy\blv bklhqgbdb wdhghfbq_kdhc wnn_dlb\ghklb Z\lhfZlbaZpbb ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey b mijZ\e_gby

ih\ur_gb_ ijhba\h^bl_evghklb ljm^Z\uk\h[h`^_gb_ jZ[hq_c kbeu

wdhghfby lhieb\Z b we_dljhwg_j]bb

wdhghfby fZl_jbZeh\ b kujvy

memqr_gb_ dZq_kl\Z ijh^mdpbb

ih\ur_gb_ gZ^_`ghklb b [_aZ\Zjbcghklb h[hjm^h\Zgby

kljmdlmjgu_ wnn_dlu

gZdhie_gb_ bgnhjfZpbb h ijhp_kk_ b __ bkihevah\Zgb_ ^ey mijZ\e_gby

L_ogbq_kdh_ aZ^Zgb_ LA

LA gZ ijh_dlbjh\Zgb_ b [bag_k ieZg ih \hafh`ghklb gZ jZajZ[hldm mkljhckl\Z beb kbkl_fu

ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey b mijZ\e_gby :KDbM h^bg ba \Z`g_crbo jZa^_eh\ ijh_dlghc ^hdmf_glZpbb

< ^biehfghf ijh_dl_ ijb jZajZ[hld_ b ml\_j`^_gbb LA klm^_gl \uklmiZ_l \ jheb aZdZaqbdZ b jZajZ[hlqbdZ qlh \uau\Z_l hij_^_e_ggu_ ljm^ghklb < k\yab k wlbf hkh[h_ agZq_gb_ ijbh[j_lZxl k\h_\j_f_ggh_ ml\_j`^_gb_ jZajZ[hlZggh]h LA jmdh\h^bl_e_f ijh_dlZ b aZ\_^mxsbf \uimkdZxs_c dZn_^jhc Z lZd`_ kbkl_fZ dhgkmevlZpbc k jmdh\h^bl_e_f ijh_dlZ ki_pbZebklZfb ij_^ijbylby ^ey dhlhjh]h \uihegy_lky ijh_dl Ijbf_jgh_ kh^_j`Zgb_ jZa^_eh\ LA gZ jZajZ[hldm :KDbM

gZbf_gh\Zgb_ b h[eZklv ijbf_g_gby :KDbM hij_^_eyxlky \uimkdZ_fu_ ZgZeh]b [m^ms_c :KDbM ijb\h^blky bo djZldZy oZjZdl_jbklbdZ mdZau\Zxlky ij_bfms_kl\Z jZajZ[hldb i_j_^ ZgZeh]Zfb

hkgh\Zgb_ ^ey jZajZ[hldb mdZau\Zxlky \k_ ^hdmf_glu ijbdZa gZ aZdj_ie_gb_ l_fu ihklZgh\e_gby ieZgu b ^jm]b_ ^hdmf_glu gZ hkgh\Zgbb dhlhjuo jZajZ[Zlu\Z_lky ijh_dl

p_ev b gZagZq_gb_ jZajZ[hldb hij_^_eyxlky khklZ\gu_ qZklb b we_f_glu :KDbM ih^e_`Zsb_ aZf_g_ beb fh^_jgbaZpbb ihlj_[ghklv \ gh\hc kbkl_f_ bklhqgbd nbgZgkbjh\Zgby __ ^himklbfZy klhbfhklv kjhdb jZajZ[hldb b g_h[oh^bfhklv \ kha^Zgbb fh^_e_c b h[jZaph\ :KDbM

bklhqgbdb jZajZ[hldb mdZau\Zxlky \k_ bklhqgbdb gZ [Za_ dhlhjuo \uihegy_lky ijh_dl :KDbMhlq_lu ko_fgu_ j_r_gby lbih\u_ ijh_dlu dZlZeh]b aZ\h^h\ ba]hlh\bl_e_c b ^jm]b_ jZajZ[hldb

j_`bfu b ijbgpbiu jZ[hlu :KDbM ijb\h^ylky \oh^gu_ b \uoh^gu_ iZjZf_lju :KDbM

j_`bfu hibkZgby ijbgpbiZ jZ[hlu :K ijh]jZffu i_j_oh^Z k j_`bfZ gZ j_`bf b Ze]hjblfu dhgljhey b mijZ\e_gby

mkeh\by wdkiemZlZpbb :KDbM

l_ogbq_kdb_ lj_[h\Zgby d :KDbM

wdhghfbq_kdb_ ihdZaZl_eb hij_^_eyxlky bklhqgbdb l_ogbdh wdhghfbq_k dhc wnn_dlb\ghklb mdZau\Z_lky kjhd hdmiZ_fhklb b wdhghfbq_kdb_ ihke_^kl\by hldZaZ :KDbM

klZ^bb b wlZiu jZajZ[hldb Ijb\h^blky k_l_\hc ]jZnbd \uiheg_gby ijh_dlZ

ihjy^hd dhgljhey b ijb_fdb :KDbM

Kh^_j`Zgb_ jZa^_eh\ LA gZ jZajZ[hldm kbkl_f mijZ\e_gby j_]eZf_glbjm_lky =HKL

H[ahj b ZgZeba kms_kl\mxsbo ko_f dhgljhey b Z\lhfZlbaZpbb

Z\lhfZlbaZpbb Z lZd`_ ijbgpbibZevguo ko_f aZsblu b [ehdbjh\db \k_ jZajZ[hldb khijh\h`^Zxlky g_h[oh^bfufb jZkq_lZfb beb ihykg_gbyfb

h[hkgh\Zgb_ jZajZ[hldb gh\uo ijb[hjh\ beb kj_^kl\ Z\lhfZlbaZpbb b ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljheykhklZ\e_gb_ ki_pbnbdZpbb gZ h[hjm^h\Zgb_ ^ey ijb[hjh\ b kj_^kl\ Z\lhfZlbaZpbb

JZajZ[hldZ ki_pbZevghc qZklb ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ

>Zgguc jZa^_e y\ey_lky gZb[he__ \Z`ghc qZklvx ijh_dlZ b h[uqgh aZgbfZ_l hl ^h h[t_fZ ihykgbl_evghc aZibkdb Ijb jZajZ[hld_ ki_pbZevguo \hijhkh\ klm^_gl ^he`_g aZdj_iblv ijbh[j_l_ggu_ \ mgb\_jkbl_l_ l_hj_lbq_kdb_ b ijZdlbq_kdb_ agZgby ih ki_pbZevghklb ijbh[j_klb ijZdlbq_kdb_ gZ\udb khklZ\e_gby ko_f Z\lhfZlbaZpbb ZgZeblbq_kdh]h dhgljhey l_ogheh]bq_kdbo ijhp_kkh\ b ijbgpbibZevguo we_dljbq_kdbo ko_f :KDbM ijh^_fhgkljbjh\Zlv mf_gb_ j_rZlv dhgdj_lgu_ gZmqgh l_ogbq_kdb_ bg`_g_jgu_ b ijhba\h^kl\_ggu_ aZ^Zqb ihdZaZlv k\hb gZ\udb ijbf_g_gby kj_^kl\ \uqbkebl_evghc b fbdjhijhp_kkhjghc l_ogbdb ijb \uiheg_gbb jZkq_lh\ b ijh_dlbjh\Zgby kbkl_f Z\lhfZlbabjh\Zggh]h dhgljhey b mijZ\e_gby l_ogheh]bq_kdbfb ijhp_kkZfb fZrbgZfb b ZiiZjZlZfb

jZajZ[hldZ \j_f_gguo ijh]jZff jZ[hlu :KDbM

hij_^_e_gb_ ihdZaZl_e_c gZ^_`ghklb jZajZ[hlZgguo kbkl_f Z\lhfZlbaZpbb

jZajZ[hldZ l_ogbq_kdbo mkeh\bc gZ k[hjdm j_]mebjh\dm mkljhckl\Z beb _]h hl^_evguo qZkl_c

jZajZ[hldZ f_lh^bdb j_]mebjh\db xklbjh\db mkljhckl\Z beb _]h hkgh\guo maeh\

jZajZ[hldZ f_lh^bdb ijh\_^_gby bkiulZgbc b ih\_jdb ba^_eby

khklZ\e_gb_ bgkljmdpbb ih wdkiemZlZpbb ba^_eby

ijh_dlbjh\Zgb_ ki_pbZevghc hkgZkldb b dhgljhevgh baf_jbl_evghc ZiiZjZlmju

jZkq_l l_ogbdh wdhghfbq_kdbo ihdZaZl_e_c ^hklb]Z_fuo \ j_amevlZl_ \g_^j_gby \uiheg_gguo jZajZ[hlhd

JZkq_lu b jZajZ[hldb ^he`gu beexkljbjh\Zlvky g_h[oh^bfufb ]jZnbdZfb jbkmgdZfb lZ[ebpZfb b q_jl_`Zfb

Ijb \uiheg_gbb jZkq_lh\ ^himkdZ_lky bkihevah\Zlv ]hlh\u_ \uqbkebl_evgu_ ijh]jZffu bf_xsb_ky gZ dZn_^jZo \uqbkebl_evghf p_glj_ b \ ih^jZa^_e_gbyo mgb\_jkbl_lZ H^gZdh dZ`^uc klm^_gl ^he`_g ebqgh khklZ\blv b hleZ^blv ohly [u h^gm g_[hevrmx ijh]jZffm b \uihegblv k __ ihfhsvx jZkq_lu ih ki_pbZevghc qZklb ijh_dlZ KhklZ\e_ggZy klm^_glhf ijh]jZffZ ^he`gZ bf_lv ihegmx bgkljmdpbx khklhysmx ba ke_^mxsbo jZa^_eh\

gZagZq_gb_ b h[eZklv ijbf_g_gby ijh]jZffu

hibkZgb_ Ze]hjblfZ iheh`_ggh]h \ hkgh\m ijh]jZffu

hibkZgb_ ijh]jZffu b [ehd ko_fZ ijh]jZffu jZkdjulv kfuke \k_o bkihevah\Zgguo b^_glbnbdZlhjh\ h^ghagZqgh hij_^_eblv ihjy^hd jZ[hlu k ijh]jZffhc

dhgljhevguc ijbf_j ih^l\_j`^Zxsbc ijZ\bevghklv jZ[hlu ijh]jZffu

JZki_qZldm ijh]jZffu Z lZd`_ j_amevlZlu \uqbke_gbc ihemq_gguo \ kemqZ_ dhgljhevgh]h ijbf_jZ b \ ijhp_kk_ jZ[hqbo jZkq_lh\ ke_^m_l ijb\h^blv \ ijbeh`_gbb d ihykgbl_evghc aZibkd_

^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ

JZkq_l qbke_ggh]h khklZ\Z kem`[u DBIb: KhklZ\e_gb_ ]jZnbdZ IIJ LK:

< ^Zgghf jZa^_e_ g_h[oh^bfh

hij_^_eblv hjb_glbjh\hqgmx qbke_gghklv i_jkhgZeZ kem`[u DBIb: dhfie_dkZ p_oZ mqZkldZ

hij_^_eblv qbke_gghklv b d\ZebnbdZpbx h[kem`b\Zxs_]h i_jkhgZeZ ih hl^_e_gbyf kem`[u DBIb:

hij_^_eblv kljmdlmjm kem`[u DBIb:

khklZ\blv ]jZnbd h[kem`b\Zgby b j_fhglh\ DBIb: gZ dZe_g^Zjguc ]h^

L_ogbdh wdhghfbq_kdh_ h[hkgh\Zgb_ ijh_dlZ

Wdhghfbq_kdZy qZklv ^biehfgh]h ijh_dlZ hnhjfey_lky \ \b^_ hl^_evgh]h jZa^_eZ jZkq_lgh ihykgbl_evghc aZibkdb

Hkgh\guf \hijhkhf dhlhjuc j_rZ_lky ^biehfgbdhf \ wlhf jZa^_e_ ijh_dlZ y\ey_lky jZajZ[hldZ [bag_k ieZgZ ijh_dlbjm_fh]h mkljhckl\Z kbkl_fu ijb[hjZ < [bag_k ieZg_ ^he`gu [ulv hljZ`_gu wdhghfbq_kdb_ p_eb b aZ^Zqb \uihegy_fh]h ijh_dlZ ihl_gpbZevgu_ ihlj_[bl_eb dhgdmj_glgZy kj_^Z hj]ZgbaZpbhggu_ b nbgZgkh\u_ ieZgu j_ZebaZpbb ijh_dlZ hkgh\gu_ l_ogbdh wdhghfbq_kdb_ ij_bfms_kl\Z ij_^eZ]Z_fuo j_r_gbc dhgdmj_glhkihkh[ghklv jZajZ[Zlu\Z_fh]h ba^_eby kbkl_fu

Ijb jZ[hl_ ih wlhfm jZa^_em klm^_gl ^he`_g jmdh\h^kl\h\Zlvky f_lh^bq_kdbfb ihkh[byfb b j_dhf_g^Zpbyfb dZn_^ju wdhghfbdb

F_jhijbylby ih [_ahiZkghklb `bag_^_yl_evghklb b ijhba\h^kl\_gghc kZgblZjbb

JZa^_e ih hojZg_ ljm^Z b l_ogbd_ [_ahiZkghklb Wlhfm jZa^_em ^he`gh ijb^Z\Zlvky k_jv_agh_ agZq_gb_ hkh[_ggh \ k\_l_ \k_ \hajZklZxs_]h agZq_gby ^ey q_eh\_q_kl\Z \hijhkh\ hojZgu a^hjh\vy b hojZgu hdjm`Zxs_c kj_^u Kh^_j`Zgb_ jZa^_eZ ^he`gh [ulv eh]bq_kdb m\yaZgh k oZjZdl_jhf jZajZ[Zlu\Z_fhc :KDbM

Kh^_j`Zgb_ wlh]h jZa^_eZ gZijZ\e_gh gZ j_r_gb_ \hijhkh\ k\yaZgguo k \u[hjhf f_j ijb\h^ysbo d iheghc [_ahiZkghklb ijb jZ[hl_ k ijh_dlbjm_fhc kbkl_fhc < wlhf jZa^_e_ jZkkfZljb\Zxlky \hijhku m^Ze_gby \j_^guo \_s_kl\ dhg^bpbhgbjh\Zgby we_dljh[_ahiZkghklb \u[hjZ g_h[oh^bfh]h mjh\gy