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ɂɬɚɤ ɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɩɨɞ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɨɣ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɥɫɹ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɧɟɤɢɣ
ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɦɢɪ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɣ Ɍɚɤɨɟ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɩɪɚɜɟɞɥɢɜɨ
ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɥɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶ ɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ
Ɍɚɤ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɜ ɤɧɢɝɟ Ɉɫɧɨɜɵ ɨɛɳɟɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɋ Ʌ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧɏɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣɋɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɤɪɭɝ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɬɱɟɬɥɢɜɨ ɢ ɹɫɧɨ ɷɬɨ ɧɚɲɢɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɹ ɦɵɫɥɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɧɚɲɢɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɚɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɹɢ ɬ ɩ ɜɫɟ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɢ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɛɭɞɬɨ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɧɚɦ ɞɚɧɨ Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɢɯ ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɸɳɟɦɭɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɩɟɪɜɚɹ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɧɚɹ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ
ɇɟ ɩɨɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɫɨɦɧɟɧɢɸ ɱɬɨ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɦ ɛɵɜɚɟɬ ɞɚɧɨ ɧɟɱɬɨ ɜ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɦ
ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɢ ɨɧɨ ɧɢɤɚɤɢɦ ɢɧɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɞɚɧɨ ɧɚɦ ɛɵɬɶ ɧɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɇɢ ɢɡ ɤɚɤɨɝɨ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ
ɤɚɤ ɛɵ ɹɪɤɨ ɨɧɨ ɧɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɥɟɩɨɣ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɧɚɟɬ ɤɪɚɫɨɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɢɪɚ ɚ ɝɥɭɯɨɣ ɦɭɡɵɤɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɟɝɨ
ɡɜɭɱɚɧɢɣ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɨɧ ɢɯ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɹɥ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ
ɬɪɚɤɬɚɬ ɧɟ ɡɚɦɟɧɢɬ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ ɫɚɦɨɦɭ ɧɟ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɜɲɟɦɭ ɥɸɛɜɢ ɭɜɥɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɛɨɪɶɛɵ ɢ ɪɚɞɨɫɬɢ
ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɢɫɩɵɬɚɥ ɛɵ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɫɚɦ ɢɯ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɥ Ɇɧɟ ɦɨɢ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɞɚɧɵ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɱɟɦ ɨɧɢ ɞɚɧɵ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɉɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɦɵɫɥɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɷɬɨɟɝɨɦɵɫɥɢ ɟɝɨɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɷɬɨɟɝɨɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɭɫɨɤ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɜ ɩɥɨɬɢ ɢ ɤɪɨɜɢ ɟɝɨ > ɫ @ Ⱥ Ɉɛɵɱɧɨ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɜ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɨɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɥɢɫɶ ɢ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ ɷɬɚ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɤɚɠɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɷɬɢ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɚɭɤɢ ȼɫɩɨɦɧɢ ɦɵ ɩɪɨ ɷɬɨ ɭɠɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ ȼɫɩɨɦɧɢ ɫɥɨɜɚ ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɢ Ɍɟɩɥɨɜɚ ɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɬɚɤɨɜɨɟ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɇɟ ɦɨɝɭ ɭɞɟɪɠɚɬɶɫɹ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɬɟɛɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ Ɏɪɢɞɪɢɯɚ ɗɧɝɟɥɶɫɚ ɩɨ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɡɚɞɨɥɝɨ ɞɨ ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɨɝɨ Ɇɵ ɧɢɤɨɝɞɚ ɧɟ ɭɡɧɚɟɦ ɬɨɝɨɜ ɤɚɤɨɦ ɜɢɞɟɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬɫɹ ɦɭɪɚɜɶɹɦɢ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɥɭɱɢ Ʉɨɝɨ ɷɬɨ ɨɝɨɪɱɚɟɬ ɬɨɦɭ ɭɠɟ ɧɢɱɟɦ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɨɦɨɱɶ > ɫ @ ɋ ɭɞɨɜɨɥɶɫɬɜɢɟɦ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɢɜ ɱɢɬɚɬɟɥɸ ɷɬɢ ɫɥɨɜɚ ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɢɣ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ɉ ə Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɚ
ɧɭɸ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɩɢɫɚɥ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɞɨɥɝɨ ɫɬɪɟɦɢɥɚɫɶ ɧɟ ɤ ɡɧɚɧɢɸ ɚ ɤ
ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɸ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɨɧɚ ɯɨɬɟɥɚ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɫ ɦɭɪɚɜɶɹɦɢ ɢɯ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ
ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɹ ɯɢɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɥɭɱɟɣ ɱɟɦ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɬɶ ɢɯ ɡɪɟɧɢɟ > ɫ @
ɋɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɟ ɪɚɡɞɟɥɹɥɚ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɟ
ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɟɬ ɨɲɢɛɨɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɨɛ
ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɨɦ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɦ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɇɨ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɩɨɞ
ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ " ȼɫɟ ɬɟ ɠɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɢɡɭɱɚɬɶ
ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɜ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɋ Ʌ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɥɸɛɨɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɚ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɜɫɹɤɨɟ ɞɚɠɟ ɧɚɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɬɟɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɢɡ ɦɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɭɦɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɢɫɬɨɣ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɥɢɲɟɧɧɨɣ ɜɫɹɤɨɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɱɥɟɧɨɪɚɡɞɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɚɤɬɵ ȼɫɬɚɟɬɡɚɞɚɱɚ ² ɨɬɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɫɬɨɝɨ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɦ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɹ ɬɟɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɨɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɗɬɨ ɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ² ɷɬɨ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɢ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɢ> ɫ @ ɋ Ʉɚɤɢɟ ɠɟ ɷɬɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ"
Ⱥ ɗɬɨ ɜɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɤɚɤ ɬɵ ɩɨɦɧɢɲɶ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ
ɩɪɨɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɨ ɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜɨ ɜɬɨɪɵɯ ɷɬɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɦɢɪ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ
ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ȿɳɟ ɪɚɡ ɉɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɞɚɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɲɶ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɦɢɪɭ > ɫ @ ȼ ɬɪɟɬɶɢɯ ɷɬɨ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɫ ɦɨɡɝɨɦ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɪɟɲɚɟɬ ɬɚɤ ɉɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɷɬɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɫ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɦɢɪɨɦ ɨɬɜɟɱɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ > ɫ @ ɉɪɚɜɞɚ ɬɭɬ ɠɟ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɩɨɩɪɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ Ɇɨɡɝ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɫɥɭɠɚɳɢɣ ɞɥɹ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɫ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɦɢɪɨɦɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɆɨɡɝ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɪɝɚɧ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɟɟ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬ >Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ@
Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȼɟɥɢɱɚɣɲɚɹ ɢɡ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɝɚɞɨɤ
ɂ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɭɹ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧɨɦ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɯɨɞɢɬ ɤ
ɜɵɜɨɞɭ ɱɬɨ ɩɨɞ ɧɟɣ Ɋɭɛɢɧɲɬɟɣɧ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɧ
ɩɪɢɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɡɭɱɚɬɶ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɧɨ ɧɨ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɬ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɱɟɦ
ɬɨ ɢɧɵɦ ɱɟɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɫɨɯɪɚɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɜɫɟ ɬɚ ɠɟ ɞɢɯɨɬɨɦɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ
ɟɫɬɶ ɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɧɢɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɤɚɤ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɦɨɡɝɚ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ ɩɨɧɹɬɧɨ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ ɫɬɚɪɚɹ ɫɬɚɪɚɹ
ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɪɟɲɚɥɚɫɶ ɬɨ ɜ ɞɭɯɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɪɹɦɨ
ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɹɥɨɫɶ ɫ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɦɨɡɝɚ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɩɪɟɞɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɢɧɨɟ
ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɢɧɨɦɭ
ɪɟɲɟɧɢɸ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɦɨɣ ɧɚɦɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɵ ȼ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɪɚɛɨɬ
ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɨɣ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɬɟɱɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɢ ɟɦɭ ɫɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɪɹɞ ɜɵɜɨɞɨɜ
ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɢɫɤɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɢ ɢɡ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɫɚɦɢɯ ɩɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɱɬɨ ɬɨɞɟɥɚɟɬɚ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨɩɟɪɟɠɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɨɞɧɢɦ ɩɪɢɛɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɤ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɭ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɢɬɶ ɧɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɧɢ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɢ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɧɭɠɞɚɥɚɫɶ ɛɵ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɟ ɋɦ > ɫ @ ɂ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɭɟɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɬɨ ɧɟɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɟ ɚ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɨɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɧɟ ɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɧɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦ ɜɵɫɲɟɣ ɧɟɪɜɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɬɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɦ ɦɨɡɝɨɜɨɣ ɬɤɚɧɢ ɧɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɍɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɷɬɨ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɢɡɭɱɚɬɶ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɋ ɑɬɨ ɠɟ ɷɬɨ ɡɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ"
Ⱥ Ɉɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɨɛɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɚ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɋ ɇɨ ɪɚɡɜɟ ɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɭ ɤɚɤ ɜɢɞ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɟɜɚ"
Ⱥ Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɚɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɚɛɨɬ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɟɜɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɛɵɥ ɩɪɨɜɟɞɟɧ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɩɨɞ ɷɬɢɦ ɭɝɥɨɦ
ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɭ ɧɟɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
Ɉɛɴɟɤɬ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɯ ɉ əȽɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɚ
ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɸɬ ɧɟ ɤɚɤ ɞɜɟ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɚ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡɞɜɨɟɧɢɟɟɞɢɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢɜ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɦɟɬɚɦɨɪɮɨɡɵ ɮɨɪɦɵɟɞɢɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɞɭɯɨɜɧɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚɂɧɚɱɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɹɹ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɧɨ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟɱɬɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɨɧɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɬɚ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɚɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɸɳɚɹ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤ > ɫ @ Ɇɵ ɫ ɬɨɛɨɣ ɭɠɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɥɢ ɫɥɨɜɚ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɟɜɚ ɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɫɭɬ ɜ ɫɟɛɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɟɝɨ ɧɟɨɬɬɨɪɠɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɨɪɨɠɞɚɸɳɢɯ ɟɝɨ ɢ ɢɦ ɨɩɨɫɪɟɞɫɬɜɭɟɦɵɯ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɦ > ɫ @ Ɇɨɠɧɨ ɜɫɩɨɦɧɢɬɶ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɫɥɨɜɚ Ⱥ ɇ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɟɜ ɋɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɧɟ ɚɞɞɢɬɢɜɧɨ ɗɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɥɨɫɤɨɫɬɶ ɞɚɠɟ ɧɟ ɟɦɤɨɫɬɶ ɡɚɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɚɹ ɨɛɪɚɡɚɦɢ ɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɗɬɨ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɟɝɨ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɨɛɪɚɡɭɸɳɢɯ ɜɤɥɸɱɟɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɸɳɟɣ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɠɢɡɧɶ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɚ ɜ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɟ Ⱦɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɰɢɸ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ > ɫ @ ɋ ɉɪɟɤɪɚɫɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɛɫɬɚɧɰɢɹ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ əɜɧɨ ɜɢɞɧɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɚɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɚ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ
Ⱥ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɜɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ
ɟɞɢɧɢɰ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɤɚɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɹ ɠɢɜɨɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟ ɋɦ > @
ɋ Ɋɚɡɜɟ ɨɬɫɸɞɚ ɧɟ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɬɫɹ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɨɛɚɹ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɧɚɹ ɨɬ ɜɧɟɲɧɟ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ"
Ⱥ Ⱥɧɚɥɢɡ ɪɚɛɨɬ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɟɜɚ ɩɪɨɞɟɥɚɧɧɵɣ Ⱥɧɧɨɣ ɉɚɜɥɨɜɧɨɣ ɋɬɟɰɟɧɤɨ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ
ɤɥɸɱɟ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɥ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɱɬɨ ɬɨ ɤɚɤ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɥɢɫɶ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɟɜɵɦ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɟ
ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɨɞɱɚɫ ɞɨɩɭɫɤɚɥɨ ɢɯ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɢɧɬɟɪɩɪɟɬɚɰɢɢ ȼ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɟ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɨ
ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɩɨɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɥɢɫɶ ɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɧɚɞ
ɧɢɦ > ɫ @
ɋ ɂɡ ɱɟɝɨ ɷɬɨ ɜɢɞɧɨ"
Ⱥ Ⱦɚ ɜɨɬ ɯɨɬɹ ɛɵ ɢɡ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɚɤɰɟɧɬ ɜ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɵɥ ɫɞɟɥɚɧ ɧɚ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɦɟɠɞɭ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟɦ ɤɚɤ ɟɫɥɢ ɛɵ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥɢ ɪɚɡɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɦ >Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ ɫ @
Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɶ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ
ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɢ ɫɬɪɭɤɬɭɪɨɣ
Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȼɟɥɢɱɚɣɲɚɹ ɢɡ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɝɚɞɨɤ
ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɩɹɬɶ ɬɚɤɢ ɜɵɞɟɥɹɬɶ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɟɞɢɧɢɰɵ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɦɟɫɬɨ ɩɪɨɜɨɡɝɥɚɲɟɧɧɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɵɯ ɟɞɢɧɢɰ
Ɍɨ ɠɟ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɢɜɚɟɬ ɢ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɹ ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɤ
ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɨɧ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɢɬ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɟɪɧɭɥɢɫɶ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
ɜɵɫɬɭɩɚɥɚ ɤɚɤ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟ ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɧɟɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ
ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɜɧɭɬɪɢ > ɫ @ ɋɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɟ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟ
ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɜɚɥɨɫɶ
ɋ Ɍɵ ɦɨɠɟɲɶ ɩɪɢɜɟɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ"
Ⱥ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɫɚɦ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɪɹɞ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɜ ɱɚɫɬɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ Ʌɟɨɧɬɶɟɜɚ
ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɨɳɭɳɟɧɢɣ Ɍɵ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɩɨɦɧɢɲɶ
ɉ ə Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ Ʉɚɤ ɜɵ ɩɨɦɧɢɬɟ ɨɩɵɬɵ ɫɜɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɞɚɟɬɫɹ
ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɵ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɧɚɯɨɞɢɬɶɫɹ ɩɨɞ ɬɨɤɨɦ ɢ ɱɬɨ ɨɛ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɧ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɠɞɟɧ
ɤɚɤɢɦ ɬɨ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɨɦ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɣ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬ ɢɫɤɚɬɶ ɷɬɨɬ ɫɢɝɧɚɥ ɢ ɬɨɝɞɚ ɷɬɢ ɧɟɨɳɭɳɚɟɦɵɟ
ɜɨɡɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɸɬ ɤɚɤ ɬɨ ɨɳɭɳɚɬɶɫɹ ɇɨ ɧɚ ɷɬɨɦ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɱɟɧɨ ɚ
ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɨɧɨ ɫ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɛɵ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɬɶɫɹ ɉɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɛɵɥ ɜɧɨɜɶ
ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɣ ɮɚɤɬ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥ ɨ ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɨɣ ɪɨɥɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɢɫɤɚ ɜ
ɬɚɤɨɦ ɱɪɟɡɜɵɱɚɣɧɨ ɜɚɠɧɨɦ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɫɤɚɱɤɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɦ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɢ ɇɨ ɜɟɞɶ ɞɟɥɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ
ɱɬɨ ɜɟɫɶ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɨɫɬɚɥɫɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɵɦ ȼɟɞɶ ɫɭɬɶ ɞɟɥɚ
ɫɨɫɬɨɹɥɚ ɧɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɗɬɨ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨɟ ɭɤɚɡɚɧɢɟ ɚ ɞɟɥɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɨɢɫɤ
ɛɵɥ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɪɚɫɲɢɮɪɨɜɚɧ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɷɬɨɬ ɩɨɢɫɤ ɤɚɤ ɨɧ
ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɱɟɝɨ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɨɧ ɜɟɞɟɬ ɤ ɫɧɢɠɟɧɢɸ ɚɛɫɨɥɸɬɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɪɨɝɚ
ɱɭɜɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥ ɬɚɤ ɤɚɤ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɞɟɥɚɥɨɫɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɨɫɤɚɥɶɡɵɜɚɧɢɟ ɤ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ
ɮɚɤɬɨɪɨɜ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɥɨɫɶ ɱɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɷɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɷɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɢ ɷɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ
ɢ ɬ ɞ ɉɪɢɪɨɞɚ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨ ɩɪɟɠɧɟɦɭ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɥɚɫɶ ɧɟɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɢ
ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɧɟɫɦɨɬɪɹ ɧɚ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɡɝɨɜɨɪɵ ɨɛ ɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɹ
ɷɬɢɯ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɨɜ ɫɩɥɨɲɶ ɢ ɪɹɞɨɦ ɨɛɪɚɳɚɥɢɫɶ ɤ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦ ȼ
ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɟ ɫɬɚɪɚɥɢɫɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɜɧɟɲɧɸɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɵ ɲɥɢ ɬɚɤ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɧɨ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɧɚɹ
Ɉɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɫɤɚɠɟɦ ɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɢɝɪɚ Ɉɧɚ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɚ ɩɪɹɦɵɦ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɦ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɢ
ɩɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɟɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟɦ
ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɫɭɦɦɚɪɧɨ ɂ ɤɚɤ ɧɢ ɝɨɪɶɤɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɬɶɫɹ ɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ
ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɦɵ ɦɨɝɥɢ ɞɭɦɚɬɶ ɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɜɫɟ ɱɬɨ ɭɝɨɞɧɨ ɧɨ ɦɵ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɹɥɢ ɫɬɚɪɭɸ
ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɩɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭ ȼɨɬ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɚ ɫɚɦɚɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɩɪɨɜɨɡɝɥɚɲɚɥ ɋɟɪɝɟɣ Ʌɟɨɧɢɞɨɜɢɱ ɫ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɫ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ Ʉɚɤ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɶ ɫɟɛɟ" ȿɝɨ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɢɬɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȿɫɬɶ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɢɯ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɤɚɤ ɧɟɱɬɨ ɠɟɥɚɟɦɨɟ Ⱥ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɫɦɵɫɥ ɬɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɬɭɬ ɧɟ ɟɞɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɉɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɟɹ ɇɢɤɨɥɚɟɜɢɱɚ ɩɪɢɛɥɢɠɚɥɚ ɤ ɢɫɬɢɧɧɨɦɭ ɫɦɵɫɥɭ ɤ ɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɚ ɠɢɜɟɬ ɜ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɧɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɬɨ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ > ɫ @ ɋ ɑɬɨ ɠɟ ɷɬɨ ɡɚ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬ" Ⱥ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɢɦ ɚɩɩɚɪɚɬɨɦ ɷɬɢɦ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɨɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɉɫɢɯɢɤɚ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡ ɤɚɤ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɢɥɢ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɋ ɇɭ ɢ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɞɚɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ" Ⱥ Ⱦɚɜɚɣ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɪɚɡɛɟɪɟɦɫɹ ɫ ɬɟɦ ɱɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɜ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɢɯ ɦɟɫɬɚɯ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɤɧɢɝɢ ȼɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɩɨɫɜɹɳɟɧɚ
ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɟɝɨ ɜɢɞɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɞɚɟɬ ɪɹɞ ɟɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɣ ɨɧɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ
ɬɨɦ ©ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɨɛɪɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɫ ɫɢɝɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɨɦ ɧɨɜɢɡɧɵ ª >
ɫ @
ɋ ɑɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɡɚ ɧɨɜɢɡɧɚ "
Ⱥ Ɋɟɱɶ ɢɞɟɬ ɨ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ ɞɥɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɭ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɧɟɬ ɝɨɬɨɜɵɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ
ɪɟɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɠɢɬɟɣɫɤɢɦ ɹɡɵɤɨɦ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬ ɧɟ ɡɧɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɟɦɭ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɚ
ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɵ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɚɤɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɧɟ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚ
Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȼɟɥɢɱɚɣɲɚɹ ɢɡ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɝɚɞɨɤ
ɸɬ ɩɨ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɬɨ ɩɪɢɱɢɧɚɦ Ɍɨɝɞɚ ɭ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ
ɜɵɞɟɥɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɵɛɨɪɚ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ
ɩɭɬɟɣ ɤ ɰɟɥɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɢ ɧɚɤɨɧɟɰ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɧɬɪɨɥɹ ɡɚ
ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɵɦ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ȼɫɟ ɷɬɨ ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɱɢɬɚɟɬ ɩɪɚɜɞɚ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨɛ
ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɧɟ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɥɢɲɶ
ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟɦ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɧɨ ɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɨɰɟɧɤɭ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɨɜ ɜɵɛɨɪ ɩɭɬɟɣ ɢ ɬɚɤ ɞɚɥɟɟ
Ⱦɚɥɟɟ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɞɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɦɨɠɧɨ
ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɧɵɯ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ
ɋ ɇɭ ɫ ɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚɦɢ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɹɫɧɨ ɢ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɹɬɢɟ ɢ ɩɚɦɹɬɶ ɢ
ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɨɱɟɜɢɞɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸɬ ɭɱɚɫɬɢɟ ɜ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɢ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ
ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ Ⱥ ɤɚɤ ɛɵɬɶ ɫ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɢɥɢ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɦɢ"
Ⱥ ɉɨ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɭ ɨɧɢ ɬɨɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɜ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ
ɨɛɫɬɚɧɨɜɤɟ
ɉ ə Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɉɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɸɬ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɩɨɛɭɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɤ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɜɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɟ
ɨɧɢ ɩɪɟɞɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɬ ɢɡɛɢɪɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɟɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦ ɢ ɧɚɦɟɱɚɸɬ ɨɛɳɟɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ
ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɣ ɧɚ ɬɨ ɱɟɝɨ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɧɟ ɞɨɫɬɚɟɬ ɢ ɜ ɱɟɦ ɨɧ ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ > ɫ @
Ⱥ ȼɫɩɨɦɧɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɲɤɨɥɟ Ʌɟɜɢɧɚ ɤɚɤɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɢɝɪɚɥɢ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɟɫɹ ɭ
ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɤɜɚɡɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫ ɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɨɧɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɥɢ ɜɚɥɟɧɬɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɟɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ
ɧɚɯɨɞɢɥɢɫɶ ɜ ɩɨɥɟ ɡɪɟɧɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɟɝɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɭ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɩɨɥɟ
ɉ ə Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɑɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɬɨɠɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ
ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɶɲɟɣ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɜɡɜɨɥɧɨɜɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɉɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ
ɪɟɡɤɨɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚ ɧɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɫɨɫɪɟɞɨɬɨɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨ ɚ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ
ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɨɰɟɧɤɟ ɨɫɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɢ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɰɟɥɨɦ
Ɍɨ ɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɦɵ ɞɨɥɠɧɵ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɨ ɜɨɥɟ ɂ ɜɨɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɨɫɨɛɭɸ ɮɨɪɦɭ
ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɯ ɝɞɟ ɧɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɧɢ ɚɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ
ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɭɠɟ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ȼɨɥɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɨɜɵɣ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɨɛ
ɨɛɳɟɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɢ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɨɫɨɛɵɯ ɫɜɨɟɨɛɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɯ
ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹɯ >Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ ɫ @
Ɉɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ
Ⱥ Ⱦɚɥɟɟ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɫɬɚɜɢɬ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɡɚɱɟɦ ɧɭɠɧɵ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɮɨɪɦɵ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ" Ⱦɥɹ
ɷɬɨɝɨ ɨɧ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɭ ɞɜɭɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɨɦ ɦɢɪɚ ɢ ɞɜɭɯ
ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɯ ɬɢɩɨɜ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ Ⱦɥɹ ɢɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɹ ɨɧ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɭɟɬ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɵ
ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɱɬɨ ɦɧɟ ɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɭɞɚɱɧɵɦ Ȼɨɥɟɟ ɭɞɚɱɧɵɦ ɦɧɟ
ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɢɯ ɨɛɨɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ
ɋ ɑɬɨ ɢɦɟɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ"
Ⱥ ɋɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɞɥɹ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ
ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɝɨɬɨɜɵɯ ɜɪɨɠɞɟɧɧɵɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ
ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ Ɍɚɤɨɜɚ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɩɬɟɧɰɨɜ ɝɪɚɱɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɬɤɪɵɜɚɸɬ ɤɥɸɜ ɩɪɢ
ɩɨɞɥɟɬɟ ɤ ɝɧɟɡɞɭ ɪɨɞɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɫ ɤɨɪɦɨɦ Ȼɵɥɨ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɟɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɭ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɸ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɸɬ ɜɫɟɝɨ
ɬɪɢ ɫɬɪɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɪɚɡɞɪɚɠɢɬɟɥɹ ɤɚɠɞɵɣ ɩɨ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɬ
ɜɦɟɫɬɟ ɬɨ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɹ ɭɫɢɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɗɬɢɦɢ ɪɚɡɞɪɚɠɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɡɜɭɤ ɤɪɚ ɤɪɚ ɨɛɞɭɜɚɧɢɟ
ɥɟɝɤɢɦ ɜɟɬɟɪɤɨɦ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɦɨɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɟɦ ɤɪɵɥɶɟɜ ɫɬɚɪɲɢɯ ɩɬɢɰ ɛɨɤɨɜɨɟ ɩɨɤɚɱɢɜɚɧɢɟ
ɝɧɟɡɞɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɩɬɟɧɰɨɜ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɧɟ ɧɭɠɧɨ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɝɨ
ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɨɪɚ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɬɨɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɧɨɪɦɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɜɫɟ
ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɚɜɬɨɦɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɸ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɡɭɥɶɬɚɬɚ
ɉɨɞɨɛɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɨɜ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɣɬɢ ɦɧɨɠɟɫɬɜɨ ɜ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɨɦ ɢ ɪɚɫɬɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɦ ɦɢɪɟ ɝɞɟ
ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦɢ ɜɪɨɠɞɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɚɦɢ
ɡɚɩɭɫɤɚɟɦɵɦɢ ɜ ɯɨɞ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɧɢɛɭɞɶ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɢɥɢ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɪɚɡɞɪɚɠɢɬɟɥɟɦ ɉɨ ɫɭɬɢ ɞɟɥɚ
ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɬɟɥɟɫɧɵɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɬɟɩɥɨɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɢ
ɬɨɦɭ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɟ Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɧɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬɫɹ
Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɜ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɟ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɞɭɲɧɨ ɨɞɧɨɣ ɭɠɟ ɱɢɫɬɨ
ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɟɣ ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɨɛɨɣɬɢɫɶ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɟ ɭɱɚɳɟɧɢɟ
ɞɵɯɚɧɢɹ ɱɟɪɟɡ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɭɠɟ ɧɟ ɫɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɬɶ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɤɢɫɥɨɪɨɞɟ
ȼɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɹ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɜɦɟɲɚɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ȼɟɞɶ ɱɬɨɛɵ
ɜɵɣɬɢ ɢɡ ɷɬɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɜ ɟɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɢɬɶ ɩɭɬɢ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɥɢɛɨ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɶ
ɨɤɧɨ ɢ ɨɫɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɥɢɛɨ ɜɵɣɬɢ ɢɡ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɵ Ⱦɥɹ ɜɵɯɨɞɚ ɢɡ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɬɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ
ɨɞɧɢɯ ɝɨɬɨɜɵɯ ɮɢɡɢɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ
Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȼɟɥɢɱɚɣɲɚɹ ɢɡ ɦɢɪɨɜɵɯ ɡɚɝɚɞɨɤ
ɭɠɟ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɨɛɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɬɨ ɱɬɨ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɭ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɨɬɫɭɬɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɉɪɢ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɢ ɬɟ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɜɵɦ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɨɦ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɠɢɡɧɟɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɝɢɛɧɭɬ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɠɟ ɤ ɧɢɦ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɧɫɬɜɨ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɯ ɜɟɞɭɳɢɯ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɵɣ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɫɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɫɶ ɜ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɩɨɢɫɤɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɝɨ ȼɨɬ ɷɬɢɦ ɬɨ ɠɢɜɨɬɧɵɦ ɢ ɧɭɠɧɵ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ Ɉɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɬɵ ɩɨɦɧɢɲɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɧɚɱɚɥɚ ɪɟɱɶ ɢɞɟɬ ɨɛ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɨɜ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɦ ɢɯ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɨɛ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɣ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦɢ ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɬɚɤɨɝɨ ɨɬɪɚɠɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɋ ɇɚɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɹ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɸ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɧɟ ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɹɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɫ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡɧɨɣ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬ ɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ" Ⱥ ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɷɬɨ ɹ ɬɟɛɟ ɢ ɩɵɬɚɸɫɶ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɇɨ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɗɬɨ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɢɥɢ ɥɭɱɲɟ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶɥɸɛɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȼɟɞɶ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɞɥɹ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɢɹ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚ ɩɪɟɞɜɚɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɸɳɚɹɫɹ ɩɨ ɯɨɞɭ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹ ɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɞɚɠɟ ɩɨɫɥɟ ɧɟɝɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɡɧɚɧɢɣ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɥɢ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɟɬɫɹ ɷɬɨ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɂ ɜɨɬ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɫɚɦɨɟ ɝɥɚɜɧɨɟ Ʉɚɤ ɠɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɚ ɬɚɤ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɟɦɚɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɫ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɩɪɨɬɟɤɚɸɳɟɣ ɜɨ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦ ɩɥɚɧɟ" ɋ Ɋɚɧɶɲɟ ɹ ɧɚɜɟɪɧɨɟ ɫɤɚɡɚɥ ɛɵ ɤɚɤ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɩɥɚɧ ɷɬɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɥɢ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɫɬɨɪɨɧɚ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ⱥ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ȿɫɥɢ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɫɬɶ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɟɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬ ɡɧɚɱɢɬ ɨɧɚ ɬɨɠɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɛɵɬɶ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ Ⱥ ɂɦɟɧɧɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɭɸ ɢɥɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɉɟɬɪ əɤɨɜɥɟɜɢɱ Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧ ɉ ə Ƚɚɥɶɩɟɪɢɧɉɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɨ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ
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Ⱥ ȼɨɬ ɨɧɨ ɧɟɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɉɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɧɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɫɬɨɢɬ
ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦɭ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦɭ ɨɧɨ ɫɚɦɨ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɢ
Ɉɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ
ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɨɫɨɛɵɣ ɜɢɞ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ
ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɪɟɬɟɪɩɟɜɚɹ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɟɧɢɟ ɜɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɩɥɚɧ Ɂɧɚɱɢɬ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɧɟ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɨɬɨɠɞɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɉɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ
ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɚɹ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɳɚɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɱɚɫɬɶ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɮɨɪɦ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɧɨ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɜɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɢɯ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɜɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɯ ɟɟ ɮɨɪɦɚɯ Ɉɫɨɛɟɧɧɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɟ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹɯ Ⱥɥɟɤɫɚɧɞɪɚ ȼɥɚɞɢɦɢɪɨɜɢɱɚ Ɂɚɩɨɪɨɠɰɚ ɢ ɟɝɨ ɭɱɟɧɢɤɨɜ Ⱥ ȼ Ɂɚɩɨɪɨɠɟɰ ɋɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɤ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɚɹ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɫɤɥɚɞɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɭ ɦɥɚɞɲɢɯ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɤɚɤ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɚ ɬɚɤɬɢɥɶɧɨ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɵɯ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɣ ɏɨɬɹ ɝɥɚɡ ɭɱɚɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɜɨ ɜɫɟɯ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɹɯ ɦɚɥɵɲɚ ɨɞɧɚɤɨ ɧɚ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɥɢɲɶ ɨɳɭɩɵɜɚɸɳɚɹ ɪɭɤɚ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɜɵɹɜɢɬɶ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ Ɉɱɟɧɶ ɹɪɤɨ ɷɬɨ ɨɛɧɚɪɭɠɢɥɨɫɶ ɜ ɨɩɵɬɚɯ Ⱥ Ƚ Ɋɭɡɫɤɨɣ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɵɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɥɚ ɭ ɞɟɬɟɣ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɨɜ ɞɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɪɟɚɤɰɢɢ ɜ ɨɬɜɟɬ ɧɚ ɷɤɫɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɝɟɨɦɟɬɪɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɮɢɝɭɪ ɇɚ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɩɨɪɚɯ ɞɟɬɢ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɫɩɪɚɜɢɬɶɫɹ ɫ ɡɚɞɚɱɟɣ ɥɢɲɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɢɦ ɞɚɸɬ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɶ ɨɛɜɟɫɬɢ ɩɚɥɶɰɟɦ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɵ ɮɢɝɭɪɵ ɜɵɪɟɡɚɧɧɨɣ ɢɡ ɤɚɪɬɨɧɚ ɢ ɧɚɤɥɟɟɧɧɨɣ ɧɚ ɛɭɦɚɝɭ Ⱦɢɮɮɟɪɟɧɰɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɮɢɝɭɪɵ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɡɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɢ ɦɥɚɞɲɢɟ ɞɨɲɤɨɥɶɧɢɤɢ ɟɳɟ ɧɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɉɨɡɞɧɟɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɟɪɟɯɨɞɧɵɣ ɦɨɦɟɧɬ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɞɟɬɢ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɮɢɝɭɪɚɯ ɭɠɟ ɧɚ ɪɚɫɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɧɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɞɹɬ ɟɳɟ ɨɛɜɨɞɹɳɢɟ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɹ ɩɚɥɶɰɟɦ ɧɟ ɩɪɢɤɚɫɚɹɫɶ ɤ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɭ ɇɚɤɨɧɟɰ ɝɥɚɡ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɜɲɢɣ ɜɫɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɡɚ ɪɭɤɨɣ ɢ ɚɤɤɭɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɜɲɢɣ ɟɟ ɨɩɵɬ ɩɪɢɨɛɪɟɬɚɟɬ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɹɬɶ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɭɸ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɸ ɭɠɟ ɫɚɦɨɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɢ ɛɟɡ ɩɨɫɬɨɪɨɧɧɟɣ ɩɨɦɨɳɢ ɩɪɨɫɥɟɠɢɜɚɬɶ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɵ ɷɤɫɩɨɧɢɪɭɟɦɨɣ ɮɢɝɭɪɵ > ɫ @ Ⱥ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚɱɚɥɶɧɨ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɨɱɧɚɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɬɨɠɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɧɟɲɧɟ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɇɨ ɞɚɠɟ ɜ ɫɜɟɪɧɭɬɨɦ ɜɢɞɟ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɫɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɧɚɹ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɨɜɤɚ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɦɝɧɨɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɚ ɧɚ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɸ ɢ ɨɰɟɧɢɜɚɧɢɹ ɟɟ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɢ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɜɪɨɞɟ ɛɵ ɱɟɦ ɬɨ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɦ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɦɭ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɠɞɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɢ ɷɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɪɚɜɧɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɚ ɟɫɬɶ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɶ ɜɨ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɦ ɦɢɪɟ ɫ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚɦɢ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ ɫɬɚɜɲɢɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦɢ ɷɬɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ Ɉɧɚ ɜɧɟɲɧɹɹ ɢ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɱɬɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɟɟ ɢɞɟɬ ɜ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɟ ɩɟɪɜɨɧɚ