SOKOLOVA

Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɚɹ" ɱɬɨ ɪɟɱɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɢɞɬɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɨ ɞɪɭɝɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɧɟɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɱɟɦ ɷɬɚ ɧɟɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɢ ɜ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɬɨɠɟ Ⱥ ɉ ɋɬɟɰɟɧɤɨ ȼ ;; ɜ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɨɛ ɢɞɟɚɥɚɯ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɚɯ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɦɟɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɇɟ ɢɦɟɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɪɟɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɢɫɬɨɪɢɸ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɟɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɧɚɩɨɦɧɸ ɥɢɲɶ ɱɬɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɣ ɤɢɪɩɢɱɢɤ ɜ ɟɟ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬ ɛɵɥ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧ ɟɳɟ ɜ ɤɨɧɰɟ ;,; ɜ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɛɵɥɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɚ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɷɥɟɤɬɪɢɱɟɫɬɜɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɜɚɠɧɭɸ ɪɨɥɶ ɫɵɝɪɚɥɚ ɫɩɟɰɢɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɢ ɨɛɳɚɹ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɨ ɪɟɲɚɸɳɢɦ ɦɨɦɟɧɬɨɦ ɹɜɢɥɨɫɶ ɫɨɡɞɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɤɚ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɨɜ ɤɜɚɧɬɨɜɨɣ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɤɢ Ɉɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ ɞɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɩɨɧɹɬɶ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɵɯ ɱɚɫɬɢɰ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɚɛɫɬɪɚɝɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɬ ɬɟɯ ɩɪɨɰɟɞɭɪ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɦɵ ɩɨɥɭɱɚɟɦ ɫɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɧɢɯ Ʉɚɠɞɵɣ ɚɤɬ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɚɤ ɨɞɢɧ ɢɡ ɷɬɚɩɨɜ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɜɵɡɵɜɚɟɬ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɰɵ ɫɬɨɥɶ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɚ ɱɬɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɟɟ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɜɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫɚ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ Ɏɢɡɢɤɢ ɡɚɞɭɦɵɜɚɜɲɢɟɫɹ ɧɚɞ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɢɦ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟɦ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɚ ɨɬɦɟɱɚɥɢ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɭɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɛɵɥ ɜ ɯɨɞɭ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɬɹɠɟɧɢɢ ɫɬɨɥɟɬɢɣ ɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɟɳɟ ɧɟɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɞɟɫɹɬɤɨɜ ɥɟɬ ɧɚɡɚɞ ɫɱɢɬɚɥɫɹ ɫɚɦɨ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɪɚɡɭɦɟɸɳɟɣɫɹ ɰɟɥɶɸ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɬɨɱɧɨɝɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɇ Ȼɨɪ ȼ Ƚɟɣɡɟɧɛɟɪɝ ɢ ɞɪ Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɢ ɧɨɜɨɣ ɰɟɥɢ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɛɵɥɨ ɨɞɧɨɦɨɦɟɧɬɧɵɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɫɬɵɦ ɚɤɬɨɦ Ⱦɥɹ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɨɫɶ ɫɥɢɲɤɨɦ ɬɪɭɞɧɵɦ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ ɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬ ɱɬɨ ɞɨ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɧɟ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɤɚɤɢɦɢ ɥɢɛɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɸɬ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɦɟɪɟɧɢɢ ɱɬɨ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɟ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬɚɪɧɨɟ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨ ɫɭɬɢ ɞɟɥɚ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ɨɧɨ ɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɥɨɫɶ ɚ ɨɬ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɤɚɤɢɦ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɵɣ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɜɨɥɧɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɱɚɫɬɢɰɟɣ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɩɨɫɬɟɩɟɧɧɨ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɥɢɫɶ ɧɨɜɵɟ ɢɞɟɚɥɵ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɨɩɢɫɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɨɛɴɹɫɧɟɧɢɹ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɐɟɧɬɪɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɢɞɟɟɣ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥɚɫɶ ɢɞɟɹ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɫɤɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɸɳɟɝɨ ɤɨɦɩɨɧɟɧɬɚ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɨɝɨ ɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɤɨɧɫɬɢɬɭɢɪɭɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɟɜɪɚɳɚɹ ɜ ɷɥɟɦɟɧɬ ɮɢɡɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɥɢɛɨ ɢɧɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ȼɨɩɪɨɫɵ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɤɚɤɢɦɢ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɦɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬ ɨɛɥɚɞɚɟɬ ɫɚɦ ɩɨ ɫɟɛɟ ɤɚɤɨɜɵ ɡɚɤɨɧɵ ɟɝɨ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɧɟ ɡɚɜɢɫɹɳɟɝɨ ɨɬ

ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɚ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɫɬɚɥɢ ɫɱɢɬɚɬɶɫɹ ɨɫɦɵɫɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ > ɫ

@

Ⱥ Ɍɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɷɬɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɸ ɬɚɤɢɯ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɤɚɤ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɚ

ɠɢɡɧɶ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɚ ȼɨɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɢɫɚɥ ɨɛ ɷɬɨɦ ɡɚɦɟɱɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɣ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮ Ɇɟɪɚɛ Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɜɢɱ

Ɇɚɦɚɪɞɚɲɜɢɥɢ

Ɇ Ʉ Ɇɚɦɚɪɞɚɲɜɢɥɢ Ɍɨ ɱɬɨ ɦɵ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɤ ɱɟɦɭ ɪɚɧɶɲɟ ɩɪɢɤɥɟɢɜɚɥɫɹ ɷɩɢɬɟɬ

ɜɟɱɧɵɟ ɢ ɧɟɢɡɦɟɧɧɵɟ ɜ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɨ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ

ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɝɨ ɰɟɥɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɹ ɫɚɦɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɢɧɭɭɦɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɣ ɫɜɹɡɶ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸɩɨɬɨɦɦɵ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ȼɟɪɧɟɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɧɟɱɬɨ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɨ ɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɚɜɥɢɜɚɟɬɫɹɜ ɜɢɞɟ ɡɚɤɨɧɚ ɂ ɤɫɬɚɬɢ ɷɬɨ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɟɦ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɧɨɜɨɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɢ ɜ ɨɛɥɚɫɬɢ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪɵ ɩɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɵɯ ɤɭɥɶɬɭɪ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɟ ɫɬɚɪɨɣ ɢ ɬ ɞ Ʉɨɪɨɱɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɹ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɟ ɜɚɠɟɧ ɨɬɤɚɡ ɨɬ ɩɨɫɵɥɤɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ ɫ ɝɨɬɨɜɵɦɢ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦɢ ɢ ɫɭɳɧɨɫɬɹɦɢ ɇɟ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɱɬɨ ɦɢɪɚ ɧɟɬ ɜɧɟ ɧɚɫ ɚ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɦɵ ɞɥɹ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɨɹɜɥɟɧɢɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɞɨɥɠɧɵɚɧɚɥɢɡɢɪɨɜɚɬɶɦɢɪ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɇɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɸ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɋɩɨɫɨɛɧɨɫɬɶ ɤ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɸ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɚɤɬɚɯ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɉɪɚɜɢɥɨ ɡɚɤɨɧ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɹɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɚɤɬɭɚɥɢɡɚɰɢɹɯ ɞɜɢɠɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɧɟɬ ɧɢɤɚɤɨɣ ɢɯ ɩɪɟɞ ɞɚɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤ ɜ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɤɟ ɧɟɬ ɩɪɟɞɞɚɧɧɨɢ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɵ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɚ ɨɧɚ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɬɫɹ ɜ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬ ɬɨɝɨ ɤɚɤ ɩɨɲɥɢ > ɫ @ ɋ Ɂɞɟɫɶ ɨɱɟɧɶ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɟɧɢɣ ɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ Ⱥ ɜɫɟ ɬɚɤɢ ɤɚɤ ɩɪɟɥɨɦɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɞɚɧɧɚɹ ɫɬɪɚɬɟɝɢɹ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ" Ⱥ ɉɨɦɧɢɲɶ ɦɵ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥɢ ɨ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɟ ɤɚɤ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɰɟɥɟɡɚɜɢ ɫɢɦɨɣ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɣ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɧɵɦɢ ɫɚɦɢɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ" ɋ ɉɨɦɧɸ Ⱥ ɇɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɟɬ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɹɦ ɞɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɚɹ ɰɟɥɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɶ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɬ ɰɟɥɟɣ ɢ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɬɨɣ ɧɚɭɱɧɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɩɪɨɢɫɯɨɞɢɬ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɬɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɝɨ ɮɪɚɝɦɟɧɬɚ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɋɦ > ɫ @ Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫ

Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɚɹ" ɤɨɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɦɟɧɧɨ ɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɋɦ >Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ ɫ @ Ⱥ ɉ ɋɬɟɰɟɧɤɨ Ɋɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɤɚɤ ɧɚɭɤɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɟɧɢɟ ɧɚɞ ɧɟɣ ɜɧɟ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɡɚɞɚɱ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɥɚɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɨɜɥɚɞɟɧɢɹ ɭɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɢ ɬ ɩ ɨɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɧɟ ɢɦɟɸɳɢɦ ɫɬɚɬɭɫɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɝɨ ɮɚɤɬɚ >Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ@ Ⱥ ȿɳɟ ɫ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɫɢɥɨɣ ɷɬɚ ɢɞɟɹ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɫɚɦ ɮɚɤɬ ɩɨɥɭɱɟɧɢɹ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɨɛ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬ ɤ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɸ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɜ ɟɝɨ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɨɧɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɡɜɭɱɢɬ ɜ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ Ⱥɧɞɪɟɹ Ⱥɧɞɪɟɟɜɢɱɚ ɉɭɡɵɪɟɹ ɨ ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɨɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɹ ɨɞɧɚɠɞɵ ɭɠɟ ɰɢɬɢɪɨɜɚɥ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟɱɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɱɬɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɢ ɜ ɯɨɞɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɚɧɚɥɢɡɚ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɜɨɨɛɳɟ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɜɨɟɦɭ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ > ɫ @ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɬɭɬ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɪɨɞɚ ɥɨɜɭɲɤɨɣɞɥɹ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɛɵɬɶ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɟɬ ɥɨɜɢɬ ɧɟɱɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɱɟɝɨ ɞɨ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɥɨ ɧɨ ɱɬɨ ɥɢɲɶ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɫɚɦɨɦɭ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɡɚɯɜɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɸ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɪɨɟɧɢɸ ɢ ɫɪɚɛɚɬɵɜɚɧɢɸ ɥɨɜɭɲɤɢ ɜɩɟɪɜɵɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɢ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɬɫɹ ɤ ɫɜɨɟɦɭ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɸ >Ɍɚɦ ɠɟ ɫ @ ɋ ɇɨ ɷɬɨ ɠɟ ɧɟɜɟɪɧɨ Ɍɨɱɧɟɟ ɜɟɪɧɚɹ ɦɵɫɥɶ ɨ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɦ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɥɹɬɶɫɹ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɨɜɟɞɟɧɚ ɧɚ ɦɨɣ ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɞɨ ɚɛɫɭɪɞɚ Ʉɫɬɚɬɢ ɤɨɝɞɚ ɬɵ ɪɚɫɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɥ ɦɧɟ ɨɛ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɝɟɲɬɚɥɶɬɩɫɢ ɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɜ ɫɜɹɡɢ ɫ ɷɬɢɦ ɨ ɪɚɡɧɨɦ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɭ ɦɟɧɹ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɥɨ ɤɚɤɨɟ ɬɨ ɧɟɹɫɧɨɟ ɟɳɟ ɞɥɹ ɦɟɧɹ ɜɨɡɪɚɠɟɧɢɟ ɢɞɟɹɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɬɵ ɢɡɥɚɝɚɥ Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɹ ɦɨɝɭ ɫɮɨɪɦɭɥɢɪɨɜɚɬɶ ɟɝɨ ɹɫɧɟɟ ȼɨ ɩɟɪɜɵɯ ɤɚɤ ɬɵ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɨ ɩɨɤɚɡɚɥ ɜɵɫɲɢɟ ɩɫɢɯɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɮɭɧɤɰɢɢ ȼɉɎ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɭ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɸ ɫɨ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ ɭ ɨɛɵɱɧɨɝɨ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɛɥɚɝɨɞɚɪɹ ɫɨɜɦɟɫɬɧɨɣ ɞɟɹɬɟɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɫ ɨɛɵɤɧɨɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɜɡɪɨɫɥɵɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɨɦ ɚ ɜɨɜɫɟ ɧɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɟɦ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɥɨɜɢɬ ɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ

ɢ ɬɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɨɧɨ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ȼɨ ɜɬɨɪɵɯ ɬɟ ɠɟ ȼɉɎ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɩɪɢ ɨɛɵɱɧɵɯ

ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɯ ɭ ɤɚɠɞɨɝɨ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɚ ɷɬɨ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟ ɬɚɤɢ ɟɫɬɶ ɤɚɤɢɟ ɬɨ ɡɚɤɨɧɨɦɟɪɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɯ

ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɭɠɟ ɞɨ ɞɚɧɧɨɝɨ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɨɝɨ ɫɥɭɱɚɹ ȼ ɬɪɟɬɶɢɯ ɭ ɦɟɧɹ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɜɨɡɧɢɤɚɟɬ ɩɪɨɬɟɫɬ ɹ ɞɭɦɚɸ ɨɧ ɨɛɭɫɥɨɜɥɟɧ ɧɟ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɦɨɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɨ ɧɨ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɥɥɟɤɬɭɚɥɶɧɨ ɩɪɨɬɢɜ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɜɫɟɜɥɚɫɬɢɹ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɚ ɢ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɦɨɫɬɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɚ ɮɨɪ

ɉɪɨɛɥɟɦɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ

ɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɰɟɥɹɦɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɨɧ ɩɨɫɬɚɜɢɥ Ⱦɚ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɯ ɩɨ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸ

ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɦɵɲɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɝɟɲɬɚɥɶɬɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɯɨɞ ɪɟɲɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ ɢɫɩɵɬɭɟɦɵɦ

ɡɚɜɢɫɢɬ ɨɬ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɚ ɫ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɬɨɪɨɦ ɇɨ ɫɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɪɚɡ ɪɟɲɚɟɬ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɬɜɨɪɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɡɚɞɚɱɢ

ɜɧɟ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɚ ɢɥɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɜ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɟ ɫ ɫɚɦɢɦ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɋɱɢɬɚɬɶ ɥɢ ɬɨɝɞɚ ɷɬɨɬ ɞɢɚɥɨɝ

ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɦ ɫɨɛɵɬɢɟɦ" Ɍɟɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɱɬɨ ɜɫɟɝɞɚ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɧɟɤɢɟ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ

ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɭɠɧɵɯ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɳɟɦɭ ɤɚɱɟɫɬɜ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ Ⱦɚɧɧɨɟ

ɪɚɫɲɢɪɢɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɬɨɥɤɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɤɚɤ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɱɟɦ ɬɨ

ɧɚɩɨɦɢɧɚɟɬ ɦɧɟ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɢɣ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɦ ɫɨɜɟɬɫɤɢɯ ɭɱɟɧɵɯ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɧɨɜɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɨɩɬɢɦɢɡɦ ɨɤɚɡɚɥɫɹ ɧɟɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɚɧɧɵɦ ɜ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɢ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɚɬɨɥɤɧɭɥɨɫɶ ɧɚ ɫɨɩɪɨɬɢɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɚ ɢ ɫɚɦɨ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɨɞɱɢɧɹɥɨɫɶ ɬɚɤɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɡɚɤɨɧɚɦ ɞɟɣɫɬɜɭɸɳɢɦ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨ ɨɬ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɝɨ ɫɤɭɥɶɩɬɨɪɚ Ⱦɚ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɶ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɫɥɟɞɭɟɬ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɬɶ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɧɟɢɡɛɟɠɧɨ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɟɬ ɩɨɡɧɚɸɳɟɝɨ ɜ ɞɢɚɥɨɝ ɫ ɧɢɦ ɧɨ ɫɚɦ ɷɬɨɬ ɞɢɚɥɨɝ ɪɚɡɜɟɪɬɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɩɨ ɩɪɨɢɡɜɨɥɭ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɸɳɟɝɨ ɢ ɧɟ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɧɨ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɟ ɜɨɥɢ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɭɟɦɨɝɨ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɞɢɚɥɨɝɟ ɟɫɬɶ ɤɚɤɢɟ ɬɨ ɩɪɟɞɡɚɞɚɧɧɵɟ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɚ ɧɟɤɢɟ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɟɝɨ ɤɨɧɬɭɪɵ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɚɩɨɥɧɹɸɬɫɹ ɠɢɜɵɦ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɦ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɧɢɟɦ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɢ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɦɧɟ ɝɨɪɚɡɞɨ ɛɨɥɶɲɟ ɢɦɩɨɧɢɪɭɟɬ ɮɨɪɦɭɥɚ Ɏɪɚɧɤɥɚ ɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɬɵ ɧɟɞɚɜɧɨ ɩɪɢɜɨɞɢɥ ɑɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɚ ɷɬɨ ɤɨɧɟɱɧɚɹ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɚ ɑɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɧɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɧ ɨɬ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɣ ɇɨ ɨɧ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɟɧ ɡɚɧɹɬɶ ɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɩɨ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɸ ɤ ɧɢɦ > ɫ @ Ⱥ ɉɨɫɥɭɲɚɥ ɛɵ ɬɟɛɹ ɤɬɨ ɧɢɛɭɞɶ ɢɡ ɬɜɨɢɯ ɩɪɟɩɨɞɚɜɚɬɟɥɟɣ Ɉɬɥɢɱɧɨ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɟɧɨ ɋ Ɍɵ ɞɭɦɚɟɲɶ" Ⱥ Ɍɵ ɪɚɫɫɭɠɞɚɟɲɶ ɜɩɨɥɧɟ ɥɨɝɢɱɧɨ ɢ ɬɚɤ ɛɭɞɬɨ ɭɠɟ ɩɪɨɲɟɥ ɨɛɭɱɟɧɢɟ ɧɚ ɮɚɤɭɥɶɬɟɬɟ ə ɥɢɱɧɨ ɧɚɭɱɢɥɫɹ ɬɚɤ ɨɛɨɫɧɨɜɵɜɚɬɶ ɫɜɨɢ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɫɪɚɜɧɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɩɨɡɞɧɨ ɇɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɢ ɧɟɤɥɚɫɫɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɤɫɬɚɬɢ ɢ ɧɟ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɸɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɢɧɵɯ ɫɬɚɪɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɨɝɪɚɧɢɱɟɧɧɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɟɥɚɯ Ɍ Ⱥ Ɏɥɨɪɟɧɫɤɚɹ ɂɡ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɛɵɥɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɧɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɫɥɨɠɢɬɶɫɹ ɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɟ ɱɬɨ ɨɧɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɸɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɬɚɤɨɜɵɟ ɇɨ ɜɫɟ ɧɟɝɚɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɜɵɫɤɚɡɵɜɚɧɢɹ ɩɨ ɩɨɜɨɞɭ ɷɬɢɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫ ɢɯ

Ⱦɢɚɸɝȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɚɹ"

ɧɟɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɜ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɢ ɞɢɚɝɧɨɫɬɢɤɟɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɢɈɞɧɚɤɨ ɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɟ ɟɫɬɶ ɢ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɧɵɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɢ ɢ ɦɟɯɚɧɢɡɦɵ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɜ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɞɨɫɬɢɝɥɚ ɦɧɨɝɨɝɨ ɑɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɨ ɡɧɚɬɶ ɨ ɫɜɨɢɯ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɧɵɯ ɨɫɨɛɟɧɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɫɢɥɶɧɵɯ ɢ ɫɥɚɛɵɯ ɫɜɨɣɫɬɜɚɯ ɩɫɢɯɢɤɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨ ɬɨɦɭ ɤɚɤ ɧɟ ɦɟɲɚɟɬ ɡɧɚɬɶ ɢ ɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɫɜɨɟɝɨ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɚ ɢ ɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɢ ɡɞɨɪɨɜɶɹ Ʉɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɷɬɢɦ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɵɦ ɞɚɧɧɵɦ ɨɧ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɨɬɧɟɫɬɢɫɶ ɫ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɶɸ ɪɚɡɭɦɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɫɬɢ ɤɚɤɤ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹɦɫɜɨɟɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɦɨɝɭɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɢɦ ɬɚɤ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɚɱɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɵ ɢɥɢ ɢɫɩɨɥɶɡɨɜɚɧɵ ɇɨ ɨɲɢɛɨɱɧɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɧɢɦ ɤɚɤ ɤ ɝɨɪɨɫɤɨɩɭ ɩɪɟɬɟɧɞɭɸɳɟɦɭ ɧɚ ɩɪɟɞɫɤɚɡɭɟɦɨɫɬɶ Ɉɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɩɨɥɟɡɧɚ ɢ ɢɧɬɟɪɟɫɧɚ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɚ ɡɚɧɢɦɚɟɬ ɫɜɨɟ ɦɟɫɬɨ ɢ ɧɟ ɩɪɟɬɟɧɞɭɟɬ ɧɚ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɝɥɭɛɢɧ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɞɭɲɢ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɵɯ ɢ ɧɟɩɨɞɜɥɚɫɬɧɵɯ ɟɣ ɤɫɬɚɬɢ ɬɨ ɠɟ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɫɹ ɢ ɤ ɝɨɪɨɫɤɨɩɭ > ɫ @ ɋ Ɂɧɚɱɢɬ Ȼɨɝɭ ɛɨɝɨɜɨ ɚ ɤɟɫɚɪɸ ɤɟɫɚɪɟɜɨ" Ɂɧɚɱɢɬ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɞɜɭɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɩɪɚɜɞɚɧɨ"

Ƚɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɜ ɭɡɤɨɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɚɯ ɫɥɨɜɚ

Ⱥ ɗɬɨ ɫɥɨɠɧɵɣ ɜɨɩɪɨɫ ɋɭɞɹ ɩɨ ɷɬɢɦ ɫɥɨɜɚɦ ɞɚ ɇɨ ɷɬɨ ɮɚɤɬɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ ɞɜɟ

ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɫɨ ɫɜɨɢɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɦɟɬɚɦɢ ɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ȼɩɪɨɱɟɦ ɩɨɱɟɦɭ

ɩɪɟɞɩɨɥɚɝɚɟɬ" Ɉɧɢ ɢ ɬɚɤ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɨ ɱɟɦ ɹ ɭɠɟ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɥ əɪɤɢɣ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɶ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ Ʉ ɟɟ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɨɛɳɟɦɭ ɪɚɫɫɦɨɬɪɟɧɢɸ ɦɵ ɫɟɣɱɚɫ ɢ ɩɟɪɟɣɞɟɦ Ʉɫɬɚɬɢ ɧɚ ɟɟ ɩɪɢɦɟɪɟ ɨɬɱɟɬɥɢɜɨ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɟɳɟ ɨɞɧɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɢɟ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɨɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɨɬ ɟɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɧɚɭɱɧɨɣ ɫɚɦɨɰɟɥɶɸ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟ ɚ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɞɪɭɝɨɦɭ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ Ⱥ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɩɨɝɨɜɨɪɢɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɫɨɞɟɪɠɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɨ ɬɨɦ ɤɚɤ ɬɟ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɵɟ ɚɫɩɟɤɬɵ ɫɨɨɬɜɟɬɫɬɜɭɸɳɟɣ ɩɚɪɚɞɢɝɦɵ ɪɟɚɥɢɡɭɸɬɫɹ ɜ ɪɚɦɤɚɯ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɂɬɚɤ ɤ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɸ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸɳɟɦɭ ɫɟɛɹ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɟɣ ɩɪɢɧɚɞɥɟɠɚɬ Ʉɚɪɥ Ɋɷɧɫɨɦ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ Ⱥɛɪɚɯɚɦ Ɇɚɫɥɨɭ ɒɚɪɥɨɬɬɚ Ȼɸɥɟɪ Ƚɨɪɞɨɧ Ɉɥɩɨɪɬ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɋ ɝɨɞɚ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɫɬɚɥɢ ɩɪɨɜɨɞɢɬɶ ɪɟɝɭɥɹɪɧɵɟ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɵ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɥɢɱɧɵɦ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦɚɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ȼ ɝɨɞɭ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɟɦɢɧɚɪɨɜ ɜɨɡ

Ƚɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɜ ɭɡɤɨɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɚɯ ɫɥɨɜɚ

ɧɢɤ ɀɭɪɧɚɥ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɚ ɡɚɬɟɦ ɢ ɚɫɫɨɰɢɚɰɢɹ Ɂɚ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ

ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɸ ɫɬɚɜɲɚɹ ɜ ɝɨɞɭ Ɇɟɠɞɭɧɚɪɨɞɧɨɣ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɫɚɦɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ

ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢ ɫɱɢɬɚɸɬ ɱɬɨ ɦɧɨɝɢɯ ɞɪɭɝɢɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɨɜ ɞɚɠɟ ɫɨɜɟɪɲɟɧɧɨ ɪɚɡɧɵɯ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ

ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɬɶ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɟɫɥɢ ɨɧɢ ɜ ɬɨɣ ɢɥɢ ɢɧɨɣ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɩɪɢɞɟɪɠɢɜɚɸɬɫɹ

ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɨɫɬɭɥɚɬɨɜ ȼɨɬ ɱɬɨ ɫɨɨɛɳɚɥ ɢɡɜɟɫɬɧɵɣ ɧɚɲ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ Ɉɥɟɝ Ʉɨɧɫɬɚɧɬɢɧɨɜɢɱ

Ɍɢɯɨɦɢɪɨɜ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɹ ɫɜɨɢ ɜɩɟɱɚɬɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɜɫɬɪɟɱɚɯ ɫ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɹɦɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɢɫɥɟ ɡɧɚɦɟɧɢɬɵɦ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɨɦ ɩɪɢɟɡɠɚɜɲɢɦ ɜ Ɇɨɫɤɨɜɫɤɢɣ ɭɧɢɜɟɪɫɢɬɟɬ

ɫ ɱɬɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɭɛɥɢɱɧɵɯ ɥɟɤɰɢɣ

2 . Ɍɢɯɨɦɢɪɨɜ ə ɫɩɪɨɫɢɥ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɯ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɷɬɨɣ ɲɤɨɥɵ ɨ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɚɯ

ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ Ɇɧɟ ɛɵɥɢ ɧɚɡɜɚɧɵ ɬɚɤɢɟ ɩɪɢɡɧɚɤɢ ɉɟɪɜɨɟ Ƚɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɚɧɬɢɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɚɹ ɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɟɣ ɨɛɴɟɞɢɧɹɟɬ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɧɢɟ ɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɨɜ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɛɢɯɟɜɢɨɪɢɫɬɫɤɢɯ ɤɨɝɧɢɬɢɜɢɫɬɫɤɢɯ ɢ ɬ ɞ ȼɬɨɪɨɟ ɗɬɨ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɜɵɪɚɫɬɚɟɬ ɢ ɩɢɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɦ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɦ ɫ ɢɞɟɹɦɢ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɢ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɋɜɹɡɚɧɧɚɹ ɫ ɦɨɞɢɮɢɤɚɰɢɟɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɬɟɪɚɩɢɹ ɜ ɤɚɤɨɣ ɬɨ ɫɬɟɩɟɧɢ ɜɵɪɨɫɥɚ ɢɡ ɛɢɯɟɜɢɨɪɢɫɬɫɤɢɯ ɪɚɡɪɚɛɨɬɨɤ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɦɵ ɜɢɞɢɦ ɡɞɟɫɶ ɫɤɪɵɬɵɣ ɚɧɬɢɛɢɯɟɜɢɨɪɢɡɦ Ɍɪɟɬɶɟ Ƚɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɞɟɥɚɟɬ ɚɤɰɟɧɬ ɧɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɟɛɹ ɪɟɥɢɝɢɢ Ɍɚɤɨɟ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɤɚɤ ɧɢ ɩɚɪɚɞɨɤɫɚɥɶɧɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɪɟɥɢɝɢɹ ɜɢɞɢɬ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɣ ɮɚɤɬɨɪ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɢɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɜ Ȼɨɝɟ ɚ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɟ Ʌɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɞɨɥɠɧɚ ɜɫɟ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɫɚɦɚ ɧɨ ɟɣ ɜɚɠɧɨ ɩɨɦɨɱɶ Ʉɪɢɬɟɪɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɞɨɜɨɥɶɧɨ ɪɚɡɦɵɬɵɟ ə ɫɩɪɨɫɢɥ ɜɤɥɸɱɚɬɶ ɥɢ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ Ⱦ Ȼɪɭɧɟɪɚ ɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɫɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɧɢɣ ɩɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɸ ɪɟɛɟɧɤɚ ɜɵɩɨɥɧɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɟɷɤɫɩɟɪɢɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɦɢ ɦɟɬɨɞɚɦɢ ɜ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɭɸ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɸ Ʉɨɧɟɱɧɨ ɨɬɜɟɬɢɥɢ ɦɧɟ ɍ Ʌ ɋ ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɢɞɟɣ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɯ ɫ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟɦ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɇɭɠɧɨ ɥɢ ȼɵɝɨɬɫɤɨɝɨ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɬɶ ɤ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɚɦ" Ɇɵ ɟɝɨ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɨɬɧɨɫɢɦ ɫɤɚɡɚɥɢ ɦɧɟ ɇɚɤɨɧɟɰ ɫɞɟɥɚɥɢ ɨɛɨɛɳɟɧɢɟ Ƚɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɬɨɬ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɣ ɫɱɢɬɚɟɬ ɫɟɛɹ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɯɚɪɚɤɬɟɪɢɫɬɢɤɚ ɟɝɨ ɫɚɦɨɫɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɇɟɬ ɱɟɬɤɢɯ ɝɪɚɧɢɰ ɧɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɟ ɢɞɟɢ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɹ ɧɚ ɰɟɥɨɫɬɧɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɧɚ ɟɝɨ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɢɟ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɚ ɧɚ ɩɨɦɨɳɶ ɢ ɭɫɬɪɚɧɟɧɢɟ ɛɚɪɶɟɪɨɜ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɢ > ɫ @

Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɚɹ" ɋ Ɂɧɚɱɢɬ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɚɹ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɹ ɜ ɭɡɤɨɦ ɢ ɲɢɪɨɤɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɚɯ ɫɥɨɜɚ"

Ⱥ ə ɞɭɦɚɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɟɫɥɢ ɫɚɦɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɵ ɬɚɤ ɝɨɜɨɪɹɬ ɇɨ ɞɚɜɚɣ ɜɵɱɥɟɧɢɦ ɜɫɟ ɠɟ

ɫɩɟɰɢɮɢɤɭ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɜ ɭɡɤɨɦ ɫɦɵɫɥɟ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɗɬɨ ɬɨɠɟ ɛɭɞɟɬ ɧɟɥɟɝɤɨ

ɩɨɫɤɨɥɶɤɭ ɨɬɞɟɥɶɧɵɟ ɟɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɢ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɨ ɨɬɥɢɱɚɸɬɫɹ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɢɦ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɚɦ ɞɪɭɝ ɨɬ

ɞɪɭɝɚ > @ ɂ ɧɚɱɧɟɦ ɦɵ ɩɨɠɚɥɭɣ ɫ ɤɨɧɰɟɩɰɢɢ ɢɧɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɚ

ɏɨɱɭ ɫɪɚɡɭ ɩɪɟɞɭɩɪɟɞɢɬɶ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɦɧɨɝɨɟ ɢɡ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɬɵ ɭɫɥɵɲɢɲɶ ɩɨɤɚɠɟɬɫɹ ɬɪɢɜɢɚɥɶɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɧɨ ɨɞɧɨ ɞɟɥɨ ɝɨɜɨɪɢɬɶ ɨ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɡɦɟ ɚ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɟ ɜɨɩɥɨɳɚɬɶ ɜ ɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɵɯ ɩɪɢɟɦɚɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɵ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɟ ɤ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ ɉɨɡɧɚɤɨɦɢɦɫɹ ɠɟ ɫ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɢ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɥɟɠɚɳɟɣ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɬɟɨɪɢɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢ ɟɟ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɣ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɢ ɩɨ ɪɹɞɭ ɪɚɛɨɬ ɧɚ ɪɭɫɫɤɨɦ ɹɡɵɤɟ ȼ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɧɟɟ ɜɪɟɦɹ ɢɯ ɫɬɚɥɨ ɜɵɯɨɞɢɬɶ ɜ ɧɚɲɟɣ ɫɬɪɚɧɟ ɬɚɤ ɦɧɨɝɨ ɱɬɨ ɹ ɟɞɜɚ ɥɢ ɦɨɝ ɭɫɥɟɞɢɬɶ ɡɚ ɜɫɟɦɢ ɧɨɜɵɦɢ ɩɭɛɥɢɤɚɰɢɹɦɢ ɉɨɷɬɨɦɭ ɹ ɩɨɥɶɡɭɸɫɶ ɪɚɧɟɟ ɨɩɭɛɥɢɤɨɜɚɧɧɵɦɢ ɬɟɤɫɬɚɦɢ ɚ ɬɵ ɦɨɠɟɲɶ ɩɪɢ ɠɟɥɚɧɢɢ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɬɶɫɹ ɤ ɧɨɜɵɦ ɤɧɢɝɚɦ ɋɦ ɧɚɩɪɢɦɟɪ > @ Ɏɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɢɧɞɢɪɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ Ʉ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɚ Ⱥ Ȼ Ɉɪɥɨɜ ɂɫɯɨɞɧɭɸ ɨɩɩɨɡɢɰɢɸ ɬɪɚɞɢɰɢɨɧɧɵɦ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɱɢɦ ɩɪɚɤɬɢɤɚɦ ɢ ɢɞɟɨɥɨɝɢɹɦ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɥɹɸɬ ɬɪɢ ɛɚɡɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɫɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɪɢɧɰɢɩɚ ɢɥɢ ɭɛɟɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɥɸɞɢ ɩɨ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɩɪɢɪɨɞɟ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɧɵ ɢ ɞɨɛɪɵ ɩɚɰɢɟɧɬɵ ɭɱɚɳɢɟɫɹ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɢɬɟɥɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɩɚɪɬɢɣ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɤɥɚɫɫɨɜ ɢ ɬ ɞ ɷɬɨ ɩɪɟɠɞɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɥɸɞɢ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɞɚɸɳɟɟ ɨɛɥɟɝɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɥɟɱɚɳɢɣ ɨɛɭɱɚɸɳɢɣ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɸɳɢɣ ɭɦɢɪɨɬɜɨɪɹɸɳɢɣ ɢ ɬ ɩ ɷɮɮɟɤɬ ɜɡɚɢɦɨɞɟɣɫɬɜɢɟ ɫ ɥɸɞɶɦɢ ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɭ ɭɱɢɬɟɥɸ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɤɭ ɭɞɚɟɬɫɹ ɜɨɣɬɢ ɫ ɧɢɦɢ ɜ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɚ ɧɟ ɦɟɞɢɰɢɧɫɤɢɟ ɩɟɞɚɝɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɨɥɢɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ȼɚɠɧɟɣɲɟɟ ɧɚɭɱɧɨɟ ɨɬɤɪɵɬɢɟ Ʉ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɚ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɬɨɦ ɱɬɨ ɨɧ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɢɥ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɟ ɢ ɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɵɟ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɡɚɰɢɢ ɥɸɛɵɯ ɦɟɠɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɯ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɣ ɨɛɟɫɩɟɱɢɜɚɸɳɢɟ ɤɨɧɫɬɪɭɤɬɢɜɧɵɟ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɟ ɢɡɦɟɧɟɧɢɹ ɗɬɢ ɬɪɢ ɭɫɥɨɜɢɹ ɛɟɡɨɰɟɧɨɱɧɨɟ ɩɨɡɢ

Ɏɢɥɨɫɨɮɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ Ʉ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɚ

ɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɢɟɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɟɝɨɚɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ɷɦɩɚɬɢɣɧɨɟ ɫɥɭɲɚɧɢɟɢɤɨɧɝɪɭɷɧɬɧɨɟɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨɟ ɩɨɞɥɢɧɧɨɟ ɢ ɢɫɤɪɟɧɧɟɟɫɚɦɨɜɵɪɚɠɟɧɢɟɜ ɨɛɳɟɧɢɢ ɫ ɧɢɦ > ɫ @ ɋ Ⱥ ɟɫɥɢ ɩɨɤɨɧɤɪɟɬɧɟɟ"

Ⱥ ɉɨɫɥɭɲɚɟɦ ɀɨ Ƚɨɞɮɪɭɚ

ɀ Ƚɨɞɮɪɭɚ ɉɨ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɭ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɟ ɨɬ ɪɨɠɞɟɧɢɹ ɡɚɥɨɠɟɧɨ ɫɬɪɟɦɥɟɧɢɟ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ

ɪɟɚɥɢɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɟɛɹ ɢ ɨɧ ɧɚɞɟɥɟɧ ɫɢɥɚɦɢ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɵɦɢ ɞɥɹ ɪɚɡɜɢɬɢɹ ɜɫɟɯ ɫɜɨɢɯ

ɜɨɡɦɨɠɧɨɫɬɟɣ Ɉɞɧɚɤɨ ɜɨɫɩɢɬɚɧɢɟ ɢ ɧɨɪɦɵ ɭɫɬɚɧɨɜɥɟɧɧɵɟ ɨɛɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɛɨɥɟɟ ɢɥɢ ɦɟɧɟɟ

ɷɮɮɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɩɪɢɧɭɠɞɚɸɬ ɟɝɨ ɡɚɛɵɬɶ ɨ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɵɯ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɚɯ ɢ ɩɨɬɪɟɛɧɨɫɬɹɯ ɢ ɩɪɢɧɹɬɶ

ɰɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɧɚɜɹɡɚɧɧɵɟ ɞɪɭɝɢɦɢ

Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ ɭɬɜɟɪɠɞɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɩɪɢ ɬɚɤɨɦ ɩɨɥɨɠɟɧɢɢ ɜɟɳɟɣ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɪɚɡɜɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɫɨɜɫɟɦ ɧɟ ɬɚɤ

ɤɚɤ ɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɥɨ ɛɵ ɜ ɢɞɟɚɥɟ ȼ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɬɤɥɨɧɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɤɪɨɟɬɫɹ ɢɫɬɨɱɧɢɤ ɧɟɭɞɨɜɥɟɬɜɨɪɟɧɧɨɫɬɢ ɢ

ɚɧɨɦɚɥɢɣ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɦɢ ɫɬɪɚɞɚɸɬ ɦɧɨɝɢɟ ɥɸɞɢ > ɫ @ Ⱥ Ɉɬɫɸɞɚ ɝɥɚɜɧɚɹ ɡɚɞɚɱɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɢɢ ɫɨɝɥɚɫɨɜɚɬɶ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɢɞɟɚɥɶɧɨɟ ə ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɧɟɤɢɣ ɨɛɪɚɡ ɫɟɛɹ ɜ ɢɞɟɚɥɟ ɢ ɪɟɚɥɶɧɨɟ ə ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɫɨɛɫɬɜɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɨɩɵɬɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜ ɤɨɧɬɟɤɫɬɟ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɰɢɚɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɨɤɪɭɠɟɧɢɹ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɨɰɟɧɨɤ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɢɯ Ⱥ ɬɟɩɟɪɶ ɩɨɫɥɭɲɚɟɦ ɫɚɦɨɝɨ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɚ

Ʉ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ Ʉɚɠɞɨɟ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɫɜɨɣ ɩɨɞɪɚɡɭɦɟɜɚɟɦɵɣ ɮɢɥɨɫɨɮɫɤɢɣ

ɜɡɝɥɹɞ ɧɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ Ⱦɥɹ ɛɢ ɯɟɜɢɨɪɢɫɬɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɹɟɬ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɫɥɨɠɧɭɸ ɧɨ ɬɟɦ ɧɟ ɦɟɧɟɟ ɞɨɫɬɭɩɧɭɸ ɢɡɭɱɟɧɢɸɦɚɲɢɧɭɤɨɬɨɪɭɸ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɧɚɭɱɢɬɶ ɪɚɛɨɬɚɬɶ ɫɨ ɜɫɟ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɢ ɛɨɥɶɲɢɦ ɭɦɟɧɢɟɦ ɞɨ ɬɟɯ ɩɨɪ ɩɨɤɚ ɨɧɚ ɧɟ ɧɚɭɱɢɬɫɹ ɞɭɦɚɬɶ ɦɵɫɥɹɦɢ ɞɜɢɝɚɬɶɫɹ ɜ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɵɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹɯ ɜɟɫɬɢ ɫɟɛɹ ɫɨɨɛɪɚɡɧɨ ɨɛɫɬɨɹɬɟɥɶɫɬɜɚɦ Ⱦɥɹ ɮɪɟɣɞɢɫɬɚ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɧɟɪɚɰɢɨɧɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɟ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɝɨ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɲɥɵɦ ɢ ɩɪɨɞɭɤɬɨɦ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɲɥɨɝɨ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɦ Ⱦɥɹ ɬɨɝɨ ɱɬɨɛɵ ɡɚɹɜɢɬɶ ɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɢ ɬɪɟɬɶɟɝɨ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɧɟɬ ɧɟɨɛɯɨɞɢɦɨɫɬɢ ɨɬɪɢɰɚɬɶ ɬɨɬ ɮɚɤɬ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɤɚɠɞɨɣ ɢɡ ɷɬɢɯ ɬɟɨɪɢɣ ɟɫɬɶ ɫɜɨɹ ɞɨɥɹ ɩɪɚɜɞɵ ȼɵɞɟɥɹɹ ɷɤɡɢɫɬɟɧɰɢɚɥɶɧɭɸ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɧɨɫɬɶ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɟɝɨ ɮɟɧɨɦɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɟ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɟ ɨɬɧɨɲɟɧɢɹ ɷɬɚ ɬɟɨɪɢɹ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬ ɟɝɨ ɧɟ ɤɚɤ ɦɚɲɢɧɭ ɢ ɧɟ ɤɚɤ ɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɝɨ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɨɬ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɵɯ ɦɨɬɢɜɨɜ ɚ ɤɚɤ ɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɶ ɩɨɫɬɨɹɧɧɨ ɫɨɡɞɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɫɨɡɧɚɸɳɭɸ ɫɜɨɟ ɧɚɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɟ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɪɟɝɭɥɢɪɭɸɳɭɸ ɝɪɚɧɢɰɵ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɣ ɫɜɨɛɨɞɵ ɑɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɦɨ

Ⱦɢɚɥɨɝȿɫɬɟɫɬɜɟɧɧɚɹ ɢɥɢ ɝɭɦɚɧɢɬɚɪɧɚɹ" ɠɟɬ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɬɶ ɫɟɛɹ ɨɞɢɧɨɤɢɦ ɜ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɦ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɦ ɟɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɟ ɦɨɠɟɬ ɛɵɬɶ ɫɨɫɬɚɜɧɨɣ ɱɚɫɬɶɸ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɚ ɧɨ ɩɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɨɫɬɚɜɚɬɶɫɹ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɧɵɦ ɩɪɟɨɛɪɚɡɨɜɚɬɶ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɦ ɦɢɪɟ ɷɬɨ ɦɚɬɟɪɢɚɥɶɧɨɟ ɩɪɨɫɬɪɚɧɫɬɜɨ ɞɚɜɚɬɶ ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɫɜɨɟɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɧɟɥɶɡɹ ɩɨɥɧɨɫɬɶɸ ɢ ɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɧɨ ɩɟɪɟɞɚɬɶ ɨɩɢɫɵɜɚɹ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɟɝɨ ɫɨɫɬɨɹɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɟɝɨ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɟ ɑɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɜ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɞɨɥɝɨɝɨ ɜɪɟɦɟɧɢ ɨɳɭɳɚɥ ɫɟɛɹ ɜ ɠɢɡɧɢ ɦɚɪɢɨɧɟɬɤɨɣ ɫɞɟɥɚɧɧɨɣ ɩɨ ɲɚɛɥɨɧɭ ɷɤɨɧɨɦɢɱɟɫɤɢɦɢ ɫɢɥɚɦɢ ɫɢɥɚɦɢ ɛɟɫɫɨɡɧɚɬɟɥɶɧɨɝɨ ɢɥɢ ɠɟ ɨɤɪɭɠɚɸɳɟɣ ɫɪɟɞɨɣ ɇɨ ɨɧ ɩɨɫɥɟɞɨɜɚɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɜɵɞɜɢɝɚɟɬ ɧɨɜɭɸ ɞɟɤɥɚɪɚɰɢɸ ɧɟɡɚɜɢɫɢɦɨɫɬɢ Ɉɧ ɨɬɤɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɨɬ ɭɞɨɛɫɬɜɧɟɫɜɨɛɨɞɵɈɧɜɵɛɢɪɚɟɬɫɟɛɹ ɩɵɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɚɦɨɦ ɫɥɨɠɧɨɦ ɢ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɬɪɚɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɦɢɪɟɫɬɚɬɶɫɚɦɢɦ ɫɨɛɨɣ ɧɟ ɤɭɤɥɨɣ ɧɟ ɪɚɛɨɦ ɧɟ ɦɚɲɢɧɨɣ ɧɨ ɭɧɢɤɚɥɶɧɵɦ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɵɦ ə > ɫ @ Ⱥ ɂɧɨɟ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɟ ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɢ ɢɧɨɝɨ ɩɪɟɞɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɹ ɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚɯ ɟɝɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ Ɍɪɢ ɩɭɬɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɩɨ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɭ Ʉ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ Ɋɚɡɪɟɲɢɬɟ ɦɧɟ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɶ ɬɪɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɯɨɬɹ ɞɨɥɠɟɧ ɩɨɞɱɟɪɤɧɭɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɫɭɳɟɫɬɜɭɸɬ ɬɚɤɠɟ ɢ ɞɪɭɝɢɟ ɜɡɝɥɹɞɵ ɧɚ ɩɪɨɰɟɫɫ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɗɬɢ ɬɪɢ ɫɩɨɫɨɛɚ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɩɪɹɦɨ ɧɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɵ ɫ ɬɪɟɦɹ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɹɦɢ ɜ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɢ ɉɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɟɟ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɜ ɷɬɨɣ ɪɚɛɨɬɟ ɨ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɞɟɥɚɟɬɫɹ ɩɨɩɵɬɤɚ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɶ ɧɟɤɨɬɨɪɵɟ ɢɡ ɮɭɧɞɚɦɟɧɬɚɥɶɧɵɯ ɩɪɨɛɥɟɦ ɥɟɠɚɳɢɯ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɜɫɟɯ ɬɪɟɯ ɩɫɢɯɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɣ ə ɦɨɝɭ ɡɧɚɬɶ ɱɬɨ ɹ ɥɸɛɥɸ ɢ ɧɟɧɚɜɢɠɭ ɨɳɭɳɚɸ ɜɨɫɩɪɢɧɢɦɚɸ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɸ ɨɛɪɚɬɹɫɶ ɤ ɦɨɟɣ ɢɧɞɢɜɢɞɭɚɥɶɧɨɣ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɟ ɤɨɨɪɞɢɧɚɬ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɹ ɦɨɝɭ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɢɬɶ ɫɜɨɸ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɭ ɫɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɹ ɫɟɛɹ Ⱦɟɣɫɬɜɢɬɟɥɶɧɨ ɥɢ ɹ ɧɟɧɚɜɢɠɭ ɟɝɨ" ȿɫɥɢ ɹ ɨɛɪɚɳɭɫɶ ɤ ɦɨɟɦɭ ɨɩɵɬɭ ɬɨ ɩɨɣɦɭ ɱɬɨ ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɸ ɤ ɷɬɨɦɭ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɭ ɜ ɛɨɥɶɲɟɣ ɦɟɪɟ ɱɭɜɫɬɜɨ ɡɚɜɢɫɬɢ ɱɟɦ ɧɟɧɚɜɢɫɬɢ ɂɥɢ ɜɨɡɶɦɟɦ ɞɪɭɝɨɣ ɩɪɢɦɟɪ ɉɫɢɯɨɥɨɝ ɩɪɢɝɥɚɲɚɟɬ ɦɟɧɹ ɜɨɣɬɢ ɜ ɬɟɦɧɭɸ ɤɨɦɧɚɬɭ ɝɞɟ ɯɨɪɨɲɨ ɜɢɞɧɨ ɦɚɥɟɧɶɤɨɟ ɫɜɟɬɨɜɨɟ ɩɹɬɧɨ Ɇɟɧɹ ɫɩɪɚɲɢɜɚɸɬ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɥɢ ɨɧɨ ɢɥɢ ɫɬɨɢɬ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɟ ə ɨɛɪɚɳɭɫɶ ɤ ɦɨɟɦɭ ɨɩɵɬɭ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɦɭ ɫ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɨɣ ɫɢɬɭɚɰɢɟɣ ɢ ɨɬɜɟɱɭ ɱɬɨ ɩɹɬɧɨ ɞɜɢɠɟɬɫɹ ɏɨɬɹ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨ ɨɧɨ ɨɫɬɚɟɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɦɟɫɬɟ Ɍɚɤɢɦ ɨɛɪɚɡɨɦ ɹ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɭ ɨɩɢɪɚɹɫɶ ɧɚɦɨɣ ɥɢɱɧɵɣ ɨɩɵɬɗɬɨɬ ɬɢɩ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɟɬɫɹ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɵɦ ɞɥɹ ɩɨɜɫɟɞɧɟɜɧɨɣ ɠɢɡɧɢ

Ɍɪɢ ɩɭɬɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɩɨ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫɭ

Ɍɟɩɟɪɶ ɨɛɪɚɬɢɦɫɹ ɤ ɩɭɬɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɪɚɫɫɦɚɬɪɢɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɤɚɤ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɟ ȼ

ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ ɷɬɨɝɨ ɬɢɩɚ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɵ ɮɨɪɦɢɪɭɸɬɫɹ ɧɚ ɨɫɧɨɜɟ ɜɧɟɲɧɟɣ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɵ ɫɜɹɡɟɣ ɢ

ɩɪɨɜɟɪɹɸɬɫɹ ɫ ɩɨɦɨɳɶɸ ɤɚɤ ɜɧɟɲɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɯ ɨɩɟɪɚɰɢɣ ɬɚɤ ɢ ɷɦɩɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɢɯ

ɡɚɤɥɸɱɟɧɢɣ ɜɵɪɚɠɚɸɳɢɯ ɦɧɟɧɢɟ ɫɩɥɨɱɟɧɧɨɣ ɪɟɮɟɪɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ ɱɚɳɟ ɜɫɟɝɨ ɝɪɭɩɩɵ

ɤɨɥɥɟɝ > ɫ @

ɋ ɋɤɨɥɶɤɨ ɧɟɡɧɚɤɨɦɵɯ ɫɥɨɜ

Ⱥ ɑɬɨ ɤɚɫɚɟɬɫɹ ɷɦɩɚɬɢɢ ɬɨ ɞɨɫɥɨɜɧɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɬɟɪɦɢɧ ɨɡɧɚɱɚɟɬ ɜɱɭɜɫɬɜɨɜɚɧɢɟ ɧɨ ɩɨɞɪɨɛɧɟɟ

Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ ɫɚɦ ɪɚɡɴɹɫɧɢɬ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨ ɬɚɤɨɟ ɪɟɮɟɪɟɧɬɧɨɣ ɠɟ ɝɪɭɩɩɨɣ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɝɪɭɩɩɚ ɥɸɞɟɣ ɧɚ

ɨɰɟɧɤɢ ɢ ɦɧɟɧɢɹ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɣ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɢɪɭɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɫɜɨɟɦ ɩɨɜɟɞɟɧɢɢ ɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɢ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ

ɢɦɟɟɬ ɜ ɜɢɞɭ ɱɬɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɬɢɩ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɩɟɪɟɜɨɞɢɬ ɜɫɟ ɢɡɭɱɚɟɦɨɟ ɜ ɤɚɬɟɝɨɪɢɸ ɨɛɴɟɤɬɚ > ɫ

@ ɬɨ ɟɫɬɶ ɢɦɟɟɬ ɞɟɥɨ ɫɨ ɜɫɟɦ ɜɧɟɲɧɟ ɧɚɛɥɸɞɚɟɦɵɦ

ɋ Ɍɚɤ ɷɬɨ ɩɨ ɫɭɬɢ ɩɪɨɬɢɜɨɩɨɫɬɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɭɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɢɧɬɪɨɫɩɟɤɰɢɢ

ɨɛɴɟɤɬɢɜɧɨɦɭ ɦɟɬɨɞɭ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɛɢ ɯɟɜɢɨɪɢɫɬɨɜ"

Ⱥ ə ɞɭɦɚɸ ɱɬɨ ɦɨɠɧɨ ɢ ɬɚɤ ɫɤɚɡɚɬɶ ɇɨ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ ɡɚɦɟɱɚɟɬ ɱɬɨ ɬɨɥɶɤɨ ɷɬɢɯ ɞɜɭɯ ɦɟɬɨɞɨɜ

ɞɥɹ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɧɟɞɨɫɬɚɬɨɱɧɨ

Ʉ Ɋɨɞɠɟɪɫ Ƚɞɟ ɬɨ ɦɟɠɞɭ ɷɬɢɦɢ ɞɜɭɦɹ ɜɢɞɚɦɢ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɢ ɜɩɢɫɵɜɚɟɬɫɹ ɬɪɟɬɶɟ

ɧɚɩɪɚɜɥɟɧɢɟ ɫɜɹɡɚɧɧɨɟ ɜ ɨɫɧɨɜɧɨɦ ɫ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟɦ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɢ ɜɵɫɲɢɯ ɨɪɝɚɧɢɡɦɨɜ ɤɨɬɨɪɨɟ ɡɚ

ɧɟɢɦɟɧɢɟɦ ɥɭɱɲɟɝɨ ɬɟɪɦɢɧɚ ɹ ɧɚɡɵɜɚɸ ɦɟɠɥɢɱɧɨɫɬɧɵɦ ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɟɦ ɉɪɢ ɷɬɨɦ ɬɢɩɟ

ɩɨɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɹ ɩɨɡɧɚɸ ɱɬɨ ɜɵ ɢɫɩɵɬɵɜɚɟɬɟ ɨɛɢɞɭ ɧɚ ɦɨɟ ɡɚɦɟɱɚɧɢɟ ɢɥɢ ɩɪɟɡɢɪɚɟɬɟ ɫɟɛɹ ɗɬɢ

ɢ ɩɨɞɨɛɧɵɟ ɢɦ ɡɧɚɧɢɹ ɹɜɥɹɸɬɫɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚɦɢ ɇɨ ɫɩɨɫɨɛ ɩɪɨɜɟɪɤɢ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡ ɜ ɞɚɧɧɨɦ ɫɥɭɱɚɟ

ɬɪɟɛɭɟɬ ɨɩɪɟɞɟɥɟɧɧɨɝɨ ɦɚɫɬɟɪɫɬɜɚ ɢ ɷɦɩɚɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ ɡɚɤɥɸɱɚɟɬɫɹ ɜ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɢ

ɜ ɱɭɠɨɣ ɦɢɪ ɭɦɟɧɢɢ ɪɟɥɟɜɚɧɬɧɨ ɜɨɣɬɢ ɜ ɮɟɧɨɦɟɧɨɥɨɝɢɱɟɫɤɨɟ ɩɨɥɟ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɜɧɭɬɪɶ

ɟɝɨ ɥɢɱɧɨɝɨ ɦɢɪɚ ɡɧɚɱɟɧɢɣ ɢ ɭɜɢɞɟɬɶ ɩɪɚɜɢɥɶɧɨ ɥɢ ɦɨɟ ɩɨɧɢɦɚɧɢɟ

ə ɦɨɝɭ ɩɪɨɫɬɨ ɫɩɪɨɫɢɬɶ ɭ ɜɚɫ ɜɟɪɧɚ ɥɢ ɦɨɹ ɝɢɩɨɬɟɡɚ ɧɨ ɱɚɫɬɨ ɷɬɨɬ ɦɟɬɨɞ ɩɪɨɧɢɤɧɨɜɟɧɢɹ ɜɨ

ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɢɣ ɦɢɪ ɞɪɭɝɨɝɨ ɱɟɥɨɜɟɤɚ ɧɟɚɞɟɤɜɚɬɟɧ ə ɦɨɝɭ ɢɡɭɱɢɬɶ ɜɚɲɢ ɠɟɫɬɵ ɫɥɨɜɚ ɦɨɞɭɥɹɰɢɢ ɝɨɥɨɫɚ ɢ ɨɬɫɸɞɚ ɞɟɥɚɬɶ ɜɵɜɨɞɵ ɨ ɜɚɲɟɦ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɟɦ ɦɢɪɟ Ɍɚɤɠɟ ɹ ɦɨɝɭ ɢ ɜ ɷɬɨɦ ɫɭɬɶ ɦɨɟɝɨ ɦɟɬɨɞɚ ɫɨɡɞɚɬɶ ɧɚ ɩɫɢɯɨɬɟɪɚɩɟɜɬɢɱɟɫɤɨɦ ɫɟɚɧɫɟ ɚɬɦɨɫɮɟɪɭ ɤɨɬɨɪɚɹ ɬɨɧɤɨ ɢ ɳɚɞɹɳɟ ɩɨɡɜɨɥɢɥɚ ɛɵ ɪɚɫɤɪɵɬɶ ɜɚɲɭ ɜɧɭɬɪɟɧɧɸɸ ɫɢɫɬɟɦɭ ɨɪɢɟɧɬɚɰɢɢ ȼ ɬɟɱɟɧɢɟ ɫɟɚɧɫɚ ɜɵ ɧɚɱɢɧɚɟɬɟ ɩɨɧɢ