10. What is peritonitis? Describe its clinical manifestation. How to manage this pathology?

Peritonitis is an inflammation of the peritoneum caused by a bacterial. The symptoms of peritonitis include: Swelling and tenderness in the abdomen with pain ranging from dull aches to severe, sharp pain, fever and chills, loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, limited urine output,inability to pass gas or stool.

II liver diseases

11. What is the liver? Give anatomical description of the liver (location, structure).

Liver is the largest and most complex organ in the body. Most of it lies in the right upper side of the abdomen under the diaphragm and ribs and it extends across to the left side of the body, overlying the upper of the stomach. If is covered by a taigh fifrais capsule. The liver is composed of up to 100.000 branches and interconnected cells (lobules). Each lobule is surrounded by capillaries from hepatic portal vein and the hepatic artery.

12. What are the principle physiological functions of the human liver?

The main function of liver include: regulation of blood sugar, regulation of lipids, regulation of aminoacids, forms bile, forms cholesterol, removals of hormone toxins, formation of red blood cells, making heparin, removel of hemoglobin molecules, storage of blood, forms plasma, proteins, storage of vitamins, detoxication.

13. What are the causes of liver diseases? Name the disease.

There are such liver disease: hepatitis, cirrhosis, hematomas, biliary dyskinesia and other.

Liver disease can be caused by a variety of factors. Causes include: ·  congenital birth defects, metabolic disorders ·  viral or bacterial infections ·  alcohol or poisoning by toxins ·  certain medications that are toxic to the liver ·  nutritional deficiencies ·  trauma, or injury .

14. What are the symptoms of liver disorders?

The symptoms of liver disorders are: · jaundice, or yellowing of the skin · darkened urine · nausea · loss of appetite · weight loss · vomiting · diarrhea · light-colored stools · abdominal pain in the upper right part of the stomach · malaise · generalized itching · varicose veins, or enlarged blood vessels · fatigue · hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar · mild low grade fever · muscle aches and pains · loss of sex drive · depression

15. Give the definition of cirrhosis? What are its types?

Cirrhosis is a complication of many liver diseases it is a type of permanent and progressive liver damage. There are such types of cirrhosis: 1.Post necrotic 2. Biliary ( primary or secondary) 3. Hemahromatosis 4. Cardiac or congestive 5. Rare and nonspecific

16. What are the symptoms of cirrhosis?

Symptoms of c. include: - weakness,- feeling of tiredness,- loss of appetite,- nausea and vomiting of blood,- constipation or diarrhea,- broken blood vessels,- hard liver,- jaundice,- swollen ankles,- enlargement of breasts,- loss of pubic hair,- shrinking of the testicles,- Terry’s nails,- red face,- easy bruising (from decreased production of blood clotting factors by the diseased liver).