Questions for Examination

1. What is multimedia and what do you think is the role of multimedia in today’s world?

Multimedia is media and content that uses a combination of different content forms. Multimedia includes a combination of text, audio, still images, animation, video, or interactivity content forms.

Multimedia is usually recorded and played, displayed or accessed by information content processing devices, such as computerized and electronic devices, but can also be part of a live performance. Multimedia (as an adjective) also describes electronic media devices used to store and experience multimedia content.

Multimedia finds its application in various areas including, but not limited to, advertisements, art, education, entertainment, engineering, medicine, mathematics, business, scientific research.

2. Give some information about recent developments in multimedia. Describe at least three developments.

VR,

3. How can multimedia be used in modern engineering practice? Give at least three examples.

Software engineers may use multimedia in Computer Simulations for anything from entertainment to training such as military or industrial training. Multimedia for software interfaces are often done as a collaboration between creative professionals and software engineers.

4. What are the pros and cons of gaming?

Pros (Advantages):

Increased visual acuity.

Can teach people more about life. Virtual pet games, for example, can help teach people about what is involved in raising a pet.

Puzzle, adventure and word games can help improve problem solving and logic skills. Sudoku is a game that greatly increases these skills. Adventure games where you have to complete certain goals can also help you to ‘think outside the box’.

Can be used to assist in education.

Increases attention span.

They are fun!

Cons (Disadvantages):

Some people can become completely addicted to video games and they do not go to work (or school).

Playing video games (even on the Wii) does not constitute a proper physical workout.

Some people can become desensitized to violence when they a lot of violent video games.

Can give people false expectations of real life, as real life cannot be perfectly simulated by video games.

5. What are the development perspectives in the field of robotics?

Panasonic Corporation of Japan is very serious about robotics and will offer a series of commercial robots over the next few years.

Recently, in the laboratories of the Japanese electronics giant introduced a prototype of a robotic health care provider that can perform certain secretarial work in the clinic, before the company showed a robotic arm-chair for the disabled, which can serve as a wheelchair or bed. Panasonic also showed prototypes of various domestic robots that can clean up the room, to serve as intelligent alarms, etc.

In a study published in the scientific journal says that by 2020 about 40% of the world's armed forces will consist of various robotic mechanisms.

International Federation of Robotics predicts that in the next 3 years humanity can expect an explosive growth in popularity of robots and their frequency of use, especially in the household and to meet personal needs.

6. Do you think VR is still a form of entertainment or it has already become an instrument for science and engineering? Give examples of VR applications.

VR is the world (objects and subjects) created by technical equipment, transmitted to man through his senses: sight, hearing, smell, touch, and others.

Virtual reality is used for teaching professions, where the actual the exploitation of devices and mechanisms associated with increased risk, or related to high costs (airline pilot, train driver, dispatcher, driver, etc.). For example virtual reality contributed to the development of medicine, because in such conditions it was possible to easily teach new doctors, not being afraid for health of the patient. Also flight simulator is a kind of virtual reality systems. All pilots and astronauts before flight training on these simulators in order to be ready for all the difficulties that may arise during the flight.

7. What is artificial intelligence and what are its main implementations? How can you test artificial intelligence?

Artificial intelligence is a scientific field in which formulated and solved the problem of hardware or software simulation of human activities that are traditionally considered to be intelligent. Also the property of intelligent systems to perform functions such as creativity, which have traditionally been considered the prerogative of man.

In computer science problems of artificial intelligence are considered from the standpoint of the design of expert systems and knowledge bases. In general, the study of Artificial Intelligence in computer science aimed at the creation, development and operation of intelligent information systems.

Today, through advances in artificial intelligence, a large number of scientific development, which greatly simplifies the lives of people. Speech recognition and text scanned, the solution is computationally complex tasks in a short time, and much more - all this has become available thanks to the development of artificial intelligence. People, as opposed to artificial intelligence, able to think outside the box and creatively that allowed him to develop and move forward throughout his era.

8. Do you think that someday a real artificial intelligence will be created? In your opinion, what should be done for this? Prove your ideas with some facts.

I think yes! But it needs much time to create big processor with a big powerful. Also artificial intelligence must have big memory.

9. What are the technologies that can make the creation of a real AI possible in your opinion?

10. What is an expert system and why is it needed? Is it a useful instrument in your opinion? What do you think are the advantages and disadvantages of expert systems?

In artificial intelligence, an expert system is a computer system that emulates the decision-making ability of a human expert. Expert systems are designed to solve complex problems by reasoning about knowledge, like an expert, and not by following the procedure of a developer as is the case in conventional programming. Expert systems are designed to facilitate tasks in the fields of accounting, medicine, process control, financial service, production, human resources, among others.

An expert system has a unique structure, different from traditional programs. It is divided into two parts, one fixed, independent of the expert system: the inference engine, and one variable: the knowledge base.

advantages

Ability to exploit a considerable amount of knowledge

Reliability

Scalability

Preservation and improvement of knowledge

and disadvantages

The expert system has a major flaw which explains its low success: knowledge collection and interpretation into rules, the knowledge engineering. Most developers have no method to perform this task. Instead, they work manually, which creates a large potential for errors. Worse, expert systems most often use an engine incapable of reasoning. Therefore, oftentimes the expert system works poorly.

11. What are the main types of robots and why are they needed? Do you think that a robot should be given intelligence or it should be an unintelligent machine? Give reasons why or why not.

Industrial Robots - Any job that involves repetitiveness, accuracy, endurance, speed, and reliability can be done much better by robots;

Mobile Robots - mobile robots are used for transporting material over large building complexes are defined as intelligent robots.

Robots Used in Agriculture - used for agricultural purposes, such as robots that can pick apples, prune grapevines, transplant seedlings, and so on. In fact, there already is a type of robot that shears sheep in Australia.

Telerobots are used in places that are hazardous to humans, or are inaccessible or far away. A human operator located at a distance from a telerobot controls its action. Telerobots are also useful in nuclear power plants where they, instead of humans, can handle hazardous material or undertake operations potentially harmful for humans.

Service Robots are being seen in areas like care giving, pet robots, house cleaning and entertainment. Are some of the types of robots that have been conceived by humans, many of which are already in active use.

12. Do you think we should follow ethical norms while dealing with AI machines? Give reasons why yes or no. Describe the possible norms.

In my opinion, robots should obey to human. We can create an emotions recognizing algorithm and set several instructions how to deal with person in each emotion but we’ll never reconstruct a feeling part of human being. So, robots never will able to wish or to forejudge and this distinction can’t be overcomed. Thereby robots will never become equal to people, and they will always have to obey to human directions. In this way robots creators should build into robotic mind some rules, which will guarantee a safety for humans who interact with robot.

For example:

1. A robot may not injure a human being or, through inaction, allow a human being to come to harm.

2. A robot must obey the orders given to it by human beings, except where such orders would conflict with the First Law.

3. A robot must protect its own existence as long as such protection does not conflict with the First or Second Laws.

13. What is a network? What types of networks can you think of? What are the advantages and disadvantages of different types of networks?

A computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of hardware components and computers interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information. Networks may be classified according to a wide variety of characteristics such as the medium used to transport the data, communications protocol used, scale, topology, and organizational scope. One way to categorize the different types of computer network designs is by their scope or scale. Common examples of area network types are:

• LAN - Local Area Network

• WLAN - Wireless Local Area Network

• WAN - Wide Area Network

• SAN - Storage Area Network, System Area Network, Server Area Network, or sometimes Small Area Network connects servers to data storage devices through a technology like Fibre Channel.

• CAN - Campus Area Network a network spanning multiple LANs but smaller than a MAN, such as on a university or local business campus.

• PAN - Personal Area Network

• DAN - Desk Area Network

LAN and WAN were the original categories of area networks, while the others have gradually emerged over many years of technology evolution.