Impossibility can be expressed by:

Present or future	past
Cannot, could not	Could not
Not possible, impossible	Not possible, impossible

There expressions are used in sentences in different ways:

Samples:

1. Notebook computers will definitely be cheaper next year.

2. It is (highly) probable/likely that notebook computers will definitely be cheaper next year

3. Notebook computers may/might be cheaper next year

4. Perhaps notebook computers will be cheaper next year.

5. It is unlikely/doubtful that notebook computers will be cheaper next year.

6. Notebook computers will most probably not be cheaper next year.

7. Notebook computers will definitely not be cheaper next year.

8. It is impossible that notebook computers will be cheaper next year.

N.B. Sometimes, predictions are made subject to certain conditions. In such cases, sentences typically have two parts: the if-clause and the main clause.

Samples:...

1. If the price of notebooks fall next year, I will buy one.

2. If the system crashes, we will lose all our latest data.

When the if-clause comes second, there is no comma between the two clauses. Examples:

1. I will buy a notebook if the price of notebooks fall next year.

2. We will lose all our latest data if the system crashes.

As with the simple predictions listed above, it is possible to express different levels of certainty about the likelihood of the condition (in the if-clause) by changing the tense of the verbs from the future and present forms to the more 'remote' past and conditional forms.

Samples:

1. If the price of notebooks falls next year, I will buy one. (The speaker thinks it is possible that the price of notebooks will fall next year; and, if it does; he will buy one.)

2. If the price of notebooks fell next year, I would buy one. (The speaker thinks it is unlikely that the price of notebooks will fall next year but, if it does, he will buy one.)

3. If the system crashes, we will lose all our latest data. (The speaker thinks it is possible that the system will crash and, if it does, we will lose all our data.)

4. If the system crashed, we would lose all our latest data. (The speaker thinks it is unlikely that the system will crash but, if it did, we would lose all our data.)

5. The first form, as in sentences 1 and 3 - [(lf+ present) + will] - is known as the first conditional. The second form, as in sentences.2 and 4 - [(lf+ past) + would] - is known as the second conditional.

Bibliography

1. Keith Boeckar, P. Charles Brown. Computing - Oxford University Press, 1996. -212 pp.

2. Schwartz K.L. Info Search// URL: http://www.ipl.org. 1997.

3. Sinclair R. How-To Write a Synopsis. - NY_: 1998. - 202 pp.

4. Drott C, Thury E. Reaching Across the Curriculum// URL: htta://www.ipl.org. 1997.

APPENDIX 1. KEYS TO THE TASKS

Part II

Unit i.

Task 1.1: 2); 7); 4); 5); 1); 6); 3); 8).

Task 1.2.: As regards the sources of information, the most commonly used are: media (newspapers, magazines, radio, TV), libraries, reference books, general reading, experts, Internet.

Task 1,3.: 2); 6); 4); 5); 1);3),

Task 1.4.: whiteboard; video; flip chart; tape; real things; samples; handouts.

Task 1.5.:

keeping eye contact with members of the audiences;

• a smile;

• talking to ail the audience not just your friends;

• speaking with enthusiasm.

Unit 2

Task 2.1,: 4); 3); 2); 5); 1).

Task 2.6.: 3); 2); 6); 1); 5); 4).

Task 2.7: All, except maybe for the first orte, could be used to ask for questions.

Task 2.8.: 1) Firstly; 2} Secondly; 3)Then; 4) Moreover; 5) Another; 6) next; 7). Lastly.

APPENDIX 2. THE TITLE PAGE OF YOUR PAPER (SAMPLE)

Tyumen State University

Foreign Languages Department for Science

ANTI-VIRUS TECHNOLOGIES

Submitted by: S. Ivanov,

gr. 394

Supervisor; A G. Petrova,

Senior Lecturer

Tyumen 2001

APPENDIX 3.

RECOMMENDATIONS FOR WRITING THE BIBLIOGRAPHIC REFERENCES

Qrder of references in the list

All references should be given in the alphabetical order of authors surnames, first in the Cyrillic alphabet (if any), then in the Latin one.

Mind the correct punctuation!:

Sample 1:

Corbalis M., Beale I. The psychology of left and right-Hillsdale, 1976-230 pp.

• AUTHOR CODE (Corbalis M., Beale I.) -Author code means the author's surname and initials. If there are more than two authors, it is allowed to mention only one author adding ei al. - и др.)

• SPACE

• PAPER NAME (The psychology of left and right)

• POINTS(.)

• DASN(-)

• SPACE

• CITY OF PUBLICATION (Hillsdale) Standard abbreviations are allowed, e.g. NY (New York) or M. (Москва)

• COMMA (,)

• SPACE

• THE YEAR OF PUBLICATION (1976)

• point (.)

• DASN (-)

• NUMBER OF PAGES (230 pp)

• POINT (.)

For articles published in a collection or a journal:

Sample 2

Haugen E.'The semantics of Icelandic orientation // Word. — 1957 —v.13- No 3.- PP. 447-459.

• AUTHOR CODE (Haugen E.) -Author code means the author's surname and initials. If there are more than two authors, it is allowed to mention only one author adding et al.- и др.)

• SPACE

• •PAPER NAME (The semantics of Icelandic orientation)

• SPACE

. DOUBLE 8LA8H (//)

• NAME OF A COLLECTION OR JOURNAL (Word) - Standard abbreviations are allowed, e.g. NG (National Geographic) or ВЯ (Вопросы языкознания)

• POINT (.)

• SPACE

• DASH (-)

• SPACE

• THE YEAR OF PUBLICATION (1957)

• SPACE

• DASH (-)

• THE VOLUME IF ANY (v.13)

• SPACE

• . DASH (-)

• NUMBER OF ISSUE (No 3)

• POINT (.)

• DASH(-)

• SPACE

• PAGES (P, 447-459)

• POINT (.)

Sample 3. A hook by one author (Cyrillic)

Петренко В Ф. Психосемантика сознания- М., 1988.-207с.

Sample 4. A Collection of articles (Cyrillic)

Современная литературная критика,-М.: Наука, 1977.-271 pp.

Sample 5. An article from a book (Cyrillic)

Иванов Вяч. Bc. Об одном типе архаичных знаков искусства и пиктографии// Ранние формы искусства.- М.: Искусство, 1972 - С.105-147.

Sample 6. An article from a journal (Cyrillic)

Арутюнова Н.Д. Аномалии и язык ( К проблеме языковой картины мира)//Вопросы языкознания.-1987 - №3.-С.3-19.

Sample 7. An article from an encyclopaedia (Cyrillic)

Лузин Н.Н. Функция // БСЭ. 1 изд., 1947., T.14, C.348

Sample 8. A book by one author (Latin)

Lyons J. Semantics.- Cambridge, 1977, v.1,2.

Sample 9. A Collection of articles (Latin)

Right and Left.- Chicago, 1973.-400 pp.

Sample 10. An article from a book (Latin)

King M. On the Proper Place of Semantics in Machine Translation // Language and Artificial Intelligence.-Amsterdam, 1987.- P.283-302.

Sample 11. An article from a journal or newspaper (Latin)

Gates P. et al. Lexicons.- Machine Translation.- Dortrecht, 1989. - N 1 -P.76-81.

Sample 12. A Web reference

Landow G. Hypertextual Derrida, Postructuralist Nelson. URL: http:// muse.jhu.edu/press/books/orderinfo.html

See the detailed instructions for Citing Electronic Sources in Purdue

University Online Writing Lab (http://owl.english.purdue.edu/Files/110.html)

APPENDIX 4.