МБОУ СОШ №65 с углубленным изучением английского языка

Ворошиловского района г. Ростова - на - Дону

Наименование предмета: ИКТ

Реферат

Тема: «Historical roots of Melbourne»

Автор работы:

Бугаёв Дмитрий Алексеевич

9 «Д» класс

Руководитель:

Ковалева Елена Николаевна

учитель английского языка

2012 г.

Contents

Introduction…………………………………………………………………………...3

History of Melbourne…….…………………………………………………………...4

Australia in the se second world war…………………………………………............5

The post-war immigration……………………………………………………………6

Resources……………………………………………………………………………..7

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………8

Appendix………………………………………………………………………….......9

Introduction

Melbourne is the second largest city in Australia, the capital of Victoria, situated around Port Phillip Bay. The population of the suburbs is about 3.8 million.

The city is considered one of the major commercial, industrial and cultural centers in Australia. Melbourne is also often called "sporting and cultural capital" of the country, as it held many sporting and cultural events in the life of Australia. The city is famous for its mix of Victorian and modern architecture, numerous parks and gardens, many-sided and multi-ethnic population. 

In 1956 Melbourne hosted the summer Olympic Games in 2006 - Commonwealth Games. Here in 1981 was held meeting of heads of the British Commonwealth, and in 2006 - Summit of G20, which was attended by heads of nineteen of the most developed countries. In 2011 the magazine The Economist on the set of attributes called Melbourne the most comfortable city in the world to live.To reveal this topic the following objectives have been put forward:

To find out the information about the city;

To explore the main aspects of Post War Immigration;

To illustrate the modern city of Melbourne;

This topic is very interesting for the knowledge and everyone should know about this wonderful city like Melbourne.

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History

Before the arrival of European settlers, the area was occupied for an estimated 31,000 to 40,000 years by under 20,000 hunter-gatherers from three indigenous regional tribes: the Wurundjeri, Boonwurrung and Withering. The area was an important meeting place for the clans of the Kulim nation alliance, as well as a vital source of food and water. The first European settlement in Victoria was established in1803 on Sullivan Bay, near present-day Sorrento, but this settlement was abandoned due to a perceived lack of resources.

In May and June 1835, the area which is now central and northern Melbourne was explored by John Batman. He selected a site on the northern bank of the Yarra River, declaring that "this will be the place for a village" Batman then returned to Launceston in Tasmania. By the time a settlement party from the association arrived to set up the new village, a separate group organized and financed by John Pascoe Fawner had already arrived in 1835 aboard his ship the Enterprise and had established a settlement at the same location.

Batman's Treaty with the Aborigines was annulled by the New South Wales government. In 1836, Governor Bourke declared the city the administrative capital of the Port Phillip District of New South Wales, and commissioned the first plan for the city, the Hoddle Grid, in 1837. Later that year the settlement was named "Melbourne" after the British Prime Minister, William Lamb, 2nd Viscount Melbourne.  In 1837, the settlement's general post office was officially opened with that name.

Between 1836 and 1842, Victorian Aboriginal groups were largely dispossessed of territory bigger than England. By January 1844, there were said to be 675 Aborigines resident in squalid camps in Melbourne. Although the British Colonial Office appointed five "Aboriginal Protectors" for the entire Aboriginal population of Victoria, arriving in Melbourne in 1839, they worked, and there was no political will to change this. By 1845, fewer than 240 wealthy Europeans held all the pastoral licenses then issued in Victoria and became the patriarchs .

Melbourne was declared a city by letters patent of Queen Victoria, issued on 25 June 1847. The Port Phillip District became the separate Colony of Victoria in 1851, with Melbourne as its capital. With the Aboriginal population dispossessed of their lands and their management of fire having been disrupted for almost 15 years, the Colony experienced for the first time its largest-ever bushfires.

Thus it is harol to say who were the first discovers of Australia, but people know about this wonderful Australian city to the South of the equator.

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