The sounds [p], [b]

Spelling and Reading

1. [p] is pronounced when spelt as:

p pen [ ], help [ ], lip [ ]

pp happy[ ], poppy [ ]

Other Spelling:

gh hiccough [ ]

[p] is not pronounced:

a) in the words: cupboard [ ],

receipt [ ],

raspberry [ ]

b) in Greek words pneumonia [ ],

before n, s, t psalm [ ], Ptolemy [ ]

2. [b] is pronounced when spelt as:

b boy [ ], bad [ ], blow [ ]

bb ebb [ ], stubborn [ ]

[b] is not pronounced in the

words after m and before t: lamb [ ], plumber [ ],

comb [ ], bomb [ ],

debt [ ], doubt [ ],

subtle [ ], tomb [ ]

The sounds [t], [d]

Spelling and Reading

3. [t] is pronounced when spelt as:

t train [ ], tea [ ], stop [ ]

tt butter [ ], written [ ],

Other Spelling

-ed preceded by a

voiceless consonant stopped [ ], helped [ ]

th in some proper names Thames [ ], Thomas [ ]

Anthony [ ]

in the word thyme [ ]

[t] is not pronounced:

a) in the middle position often [ ], Christmas [ ],

chestnut [ ],

boatswain [ ],

bankruptcy [ ],

b) in the words ending listen [ ], hasten [ ],

in –stle, -sten castle [ ], ostler [ ],

fasten [ ], whistle [ ],

c) in French borrowings restaurant [ ], trait [ ],

bouquet [ ], ballet [ ]

4. [d] is pronounced when spelt as:

d door [ ], sad [ ], kind [ ],

dd add [ ], muddy [ ]

Other Spelling:

-ed preceded by voiced

consonants or vowels begged [ ], played [ ],

[d] is not pronounced in

the words: handkerchief [ ],

handsome [ ],

Windsor [ ]