1) Active Voice:

to seem - здається

to appear – здається

to prove – виявляється

to happen — виявляється

2) Passive Voice:

to say - is said - говорять

to know - is known - відомо

to report — is reported - як кажуть

to suppose - is supposed - припускають

to expect - is expected - вважають

to consider - is considered - рахують

to think - is thought - думають

to believe - is believed - вважають

to assume - is assumed - допускають

to find - is found - знаходять (вважають)

3) to be + прикметник або прислівник

to be likely - is likely - мабуть, певно

to be unlikely - is unlikely - неможливо

to be sure - is sure - безумовно

to be certain - is curtain – безперечно

Приклади:

They were believed to have left Moscow.

Вважають, що вони вже поїхали з Москви.

Under these conditions the output is likely to increase.

При таких умовах випуск продукції певно зросте.

Не appears to be a very good businessman.

Виявляється, що він дуже гарний бізнесмен.

Translate the sentences paying attention to the subjective infinitive construction:

A. 1. The contract was said to be very advantageous. 2. The members of the committee are reported to have come to an agreement. 3. The English delegation is believed to come at the end of the month. 4. This firm is considered to be the best in this sphere. 5. Gold is known to have been used like the world money.

B. 1. She seems to know business English and French. 2. They seem to be talking about their new competitor. 3. This business matter appears to be of great importance. 4. Your business plan proved to be a success. 5. He happened to leave the office very early that day, 6. The situation on the currency exchange appears to be improving.

C. 1. We are unlikely to change our business plan. 2. Our prices are likely to be too expensive. 3. He is certain to be appointed the director of this company. 4. They are sure to agree to a 10% discount.

Choose the necessary form from the box:

1. Повідомляють, що делегація вже приїхала.

The delegation is reported_______________.

2. Говорять, що він був вчора на біржі.

Не is said______________at the exchange yesterday.

3. Відомо, що він працює над цією проблемою багато років.

Не is known_______________at this problem for many years.

4. Стверджують, що цей банк був заснований 25 років тому.

This bank is stated________________25 years ago.

5. Очікується, що завтра на наші акції буде великий попит.

Our stocks are expected______________in great demand tomorrow.

1. to come	to have come	came
2. to be	to have been	was
3. to be working	to have been working	worked
4. to be found	to have been found	was found
5. to be	to have been	was

Task VIII. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the Infinitive.

1. Microscopes make it possible for us to see objects that are extremely small 2. At first chemists found it very difficult to tell how molecules were put together by nature. 3. Experimental research has made it possible to find out the nature of the structure of substances. 4. To study the newspapers of another country is a useful and interesting way of learning about the people who live there. 5. To understand the place of the press in Britain today it is necessary to know something of its history. 6. The temperature of the Sun is too hot for materials to exist as we know them on Earth. 7. The first earth satellite to be successfully launched was a Russian

one.

Task IX. Translate the following sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the Objective Infinitive Construction (Complex Object).

1. She felt somebody look at her. 2, We heard him come in and close the door behind him. 3. Have you ever seen Ulanova dance? 4. She watched the boy buy a newspaper, open it, look it through and then throw it away. 5. Nobody noticed her leave the room. 6.1 heard him mention my sister's name. 7. Many people like to watch the sun rise. 8. She saw her son fall. 9. He likes to watch his son play in the garden. 10. The students heard the bell ring. 11. You can't make me believe that all these stones are true. 12. In spite of bad weather the instructor made the sportsmen continue their training.

Task X. Translate into Ukrainian paying attention to the Objective Infinitive Construction (Complex object).

1. He wanted us to visit the arts exhibition. 2. I expect you to tell me everything. 3. I suppose her to be about 50. 4. The teacher does not consider him to be a good student. 5. The engineer expected the work to be done in time. 6. We expect you to show good results. 7. The discovery showed the atomic nucleus to be a vast source of energy. 8. We know him to have graduated from the institute two years ago. 9. Everybody knows him to be writing a new book. 10. We know the cybernetics to be an important branch of modem technology.11. We thought him to have taken part in their experiment.

Task XI. Translate the fallowing sentences into Ukrainian paying attention to the functions of the infinitive.

1. In the morning we open the window to air the room. 2. To be a good skilled engineer you must know Higher Mathematics. 3. To make the experiment you must improve the device. 4. The Laboratory is large enough to seat forty people.

5. All our student of the evening department must go to the Institute four times a week to attend classes, seminars and lectures. 6. To help students in their studies the Polytechnical Institute has quite a number of laboratories.

Task XII. Fill the blanks using the words in the brackets and translate sentences,

1. The seventeenth century university was not a … place for scientific research. He rejected the proposition because it did not... his purposes. (suit, suitable).

2. We ... the question in detail. A... space is needed to give the full proof of the theorem. It is necessary to take all the details into... (considerable, consideration,

considered).

3. What is the … of the word "rubber"? It is not ... , it is a translation. The first European Academies of sciences ... from informal meetings of learned men. (the original, originated, origin).

Тема: Складний підмет з інфінітивом (The Subjective Infinitive Construction)

Sunlight is known to produce various chemical reactions.

All the books were ordered to be returned within five days. They were seen to go home together.

The goods are unlikely to be unloaded to-day.

This method does not seem to offer any advantages.

Such reaction was not observed to happen.