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Файл:Lecture 7, The Cold War at its Height.docx
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- •A major change in the defence perspectives of the United States was the Soviet use of Sputnik in 1957
- •Final report in November 1957 stated that the Soviets had considerable nuclear missiles and intercontinental missiles and that the us needed to rearm
- •A major policy program which tried to answer this question – and link to the New Look was Operation Solarium
- •How did the Americans react to these moves by the Soviets
- •Let’s see how things changed in 1955 regarding these moves
- •So how could they deal with the threat of Germany?
- •The problem is this moved to fast – from repression to freedom. But this provokes revolt in gdr
- •The Hungarian government called for Soviet troops to come to Budapest – and by October 24 they had come
- •Kruschev realised the issues involved here and he tried to put pressure on Kennedy to improve the situation
- •In August 1961 however Kennedy argued for the building of a wall – and this finally occurs on August 13 1961, classic symbol of the cold war.
- •Finally k felt that jfk was a weak president that could be bullied – this was proved by k by jfk’s weak reaction to the bay of pigs – he allowed it to fail
- •Us realises it needs to accept the Soviets as a great power – stop aiming to bring it down – status quo and coexistence accepted
Kruschev realised the issues involved here and he tried to put pressure on Kennedy to improve the situation
Said the situation had to be resolved in a year – tries to bully Kennedy to accepting his demands – a separate peace with East Germany – again allowing the Soviets to control the situation more
June 1961 meeting Vienna – Kruschev/JFK – K intimidates JFK, says war will occur if they don’t compromise over West Berlin, JFK stands his ground, JFK says that West Berlin is Western Europe. June 10 ultimatum if US will not agree to Soviet demands.
US position in all of this – attempt to maintain the status quo – they wanted continued division of Berlin, good for spying, propaganda importance – people keep flooding across the border
But worries of war – Macmillan afraid of war – De gaulle believes K bluffing
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