- •The citole project
- •Warning: This page is horrifically graphically intensive (about 200 images at the moment). It will take a long time to load everything.
- •In Adam Davie's "Life of Alexander" from the 14th century, we read "At the feste was trumping,/ Piping and eke taborying,/ Sytolyng and eke harpyng."
- •I have a mini-lathe that I then used to turn the blocks to cut two pegs out of each one. Top here is the rough block, below is the block after being through the lathe.
- •I was happy with how it came out, and worked out the problems that I wanted to.
- •In the interim, working on the soundboard, since carving out the rosette takes a bit of time. This is the design for the rosette.
- •It will also have a carved pegbox with an animal head, only this time the animal will be a lion, based roughly on Celtic designs.
- •Vincenzo cipriani in Italy does another version of the cantiga style citole. See his website for more views of the instruments - very cute animal heads! No prices anywhere that I can find.
Vincenzo cipriani in Italy does another version of the cantiga style citole. See his website for more views of the instruments - very cute animal heads! No prices anywhere that I can find.
GIUSEPPI SEVERINI in Italy (there seem to be many Italian early instrument luthiers) makes several varieties of citole. The first pictured here is a variant of the Parma Baptistry citole, with the second closer to the cantiga style. He makes a third style that he calls a vihuela de penola, but which I think fairly closely resembles the Warwick gittern in basic form, especially if you look at it from the back. Again, he has no prices anywhere that I can find on the website.
TAMARA JOVANOVIC in the Netherlands makes a nice citole, block carved, similar to the Warwick gittern, though she has a cute cat head rather than the dragon. No price for this is listed.
TONY LACEY in England makes a simple variant of the cantiga style citle. You can hear it on the recordings by Trouvere, which give a good interpretation of "citole continuo," in my opinion. No price listed that I can find.
BIBLIOGRAPHY: "A Memento: The Medieval Recorder" by Nicholas S. Lander - paper posted to the web. Henry Farmer. A HISTORY OF MUSIC IN SCOTLAND. London, 1947. Canon Francis Galpin. OLD ENGLISH INSTRUMENTS OF MUSIC, THEIR HISTORY AND CHARACTER, fourth ed. Methuen and Co., Ltd. London. 1965. (First edition 1910). Laurence Wright - "The Medieval Gittern and Citole: A case of mistaken identity." in THE GALPIN SOCIETY JOURNAL, May 1976-77 pp. 8-42. David Munrow. INSTRUMENTS OF THE MIDDLE AGES AND RENAISSANCE. Oxford Univ. Press, London, 1976. Jeremy Montagu. THE WORLD OF MEDIEVAL AND RENAISSANCE MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS. Overlook Press, Woodstock NY, 1976. Christopher Page. VOICES AND INSTRUMENTS OF THE MIDDLE AGES: Instrumental practice and songs in France 1100-1300. J.M. Dent & Sons Ltd, London, 1987. Emanuel Winternitz, ed. MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS AND THEIR SYMBOLISM IN WESTERN ART. Yale University Press: New Haven. 1979.