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Ex.11 Read and retell the following jokes:

A Good Retort

"Plain as you are, I love you as if you were pretty," said a husband to his wife.

"I can say almost the same," she said. "Fool as you are, I like you as if you were clever".

Nothing to Complain about

An intelligent small boy was sitting in a bus. A passenger sitting next to him asked him a question: "And how old are you?" "I'm four", answered the child.

"I wish I were four", said the man. He was considerably taken aback, however, when the child, turning rather a surprised gaze upon him replied: "But you were four once".

!!! Discussion: The Foreign Languages Department has received a gift of US$ 10,000. What do you think is the best way for your department to spend this money? Use specific reasons and details to support your choice.

Adverbial Clauses of Comparison:

These clauses as well as predicative ones contain Subjunctive II in their structure and are also joined to the principal clause by means of the conjunctions "as if" and "as though".

Ex. She looks as if she were ill. (predicative clause)

She looked at me as though she were angry with me. (adverbial cl. of comparison)

Note: To express an action simultaneous we use the form coinciding with the Past Indefinite Tense form (i.e. the second form of the verb).

Ex. He behaves as if he knew everything.

Он ведёт себя так, как будто знает всё.

To express an action preceding that of the main clause in clauses of comparison we use the forms of the Subjunctive coinciding with the Past Perfect Tense form.

Ex. She reached out her hand as though she had just noticed me.

Она протянула руку, словно только что заметила меня.

Ex.1 Сomment on the form of Subjuctive II in adverbial clauses of comparison:

1. You treat me as if I were a piece of furniture... 2. Finally it occurred to me that I would call as though nothing had happened, and send a message in by the maid... 3. Quite subconsciously I wondered whether she had been out, for she was breathing hard, as though she had been running. 4. She was a pleasant little thing with a high colour on her cheekbones as though they had been rubbed with brickdust, bright brown eyes and a fringe of black hair. 5. He moved with almost furtive speed, as though he did not want to linger and be seen. 6. You talk as if were arranging my marriage. 7. He wore his smart clothes as if they were overalls but as if he didn't care a hang what he looked like.

Ex.2 Transform the following sentences into ones with adverbial clauses of comparison:

Model: Miss Marple looked up suddenly as though to speak.

- Miss Marple looked up suddenly as though she wanted to speak.

1. When she spoke her tone was casual, yet she glanced at him sideways, as though estimating the effect of her words. 2. For some reason his movements were incredibly

Ex. 12. Transform the following into complex sentences with object clauses.

Model: I insist on your doing the work now. - I insist that you should do the work now.

1. It's your fault. You insisted on his coming here. 2. The doctor then suggested going round the house to one of the back windows. 3. It was she who actually suggested our getting married. 4. He was rather keen on architecture, and he talked about farming, and if a pub looked nice he generally suggested stopping for five minutes and having a glass of beer. 5. Why will your children insist on giving parties! 6. He'll insist on us coming some other time - or change the day. 7. Aldridge insisted upon paying for the tickets. 8. My wife insisted upon my seeing a doctor. 9. The doctor insisted upon X-raying me.

Ex. 13. Complete the following sentences with object clauses using the Suppos. Mood.

1. It was getting dark and the guide proposed.... 2. She saw why they had insisted that .... 3. At the risk of making you angry with me I propose .... 4. He decided to telephone his former schoolmates to suggest to them without explaining why they.... 5. It was her own family who suggested.... 6. Everyone agreed with my suggestion that.... 7. I don't see why you insist that.... 8. Fearing it would rain he proposed.... 9. He had a splitting headache and demanded.... 10. The patient was laid up with pneumonia and the doctor demanded...

Ex. 14. Supply the following sentences with the principal clauses.

1. ... that she should come and have some lunch with me.

2. ... that I should come to see her at 12 o'clock next day.

3. ... she should settle the question herself.

4. ... we should settle the matter at once.

5. ... that we should all eat ices.

6. ... the child should be sent to hospital at once.

7. ... that he should be left alone.

8. ... that his name should be mentioned in the article.

9. ... that she should persuade her to see the doctor at once.

10.... that they should give her another chance to improve.

Ex. 15. Read the sentences and account for the following statements.

Model: He insisted that we should return home. - He insisted that we should return home. It looked raining and he didn't want to get wet.

1. I suggest that she should come back to us again for a while.

2. My friends suggested that we should get together.

3. If the question arises you should tell the same story.

4. He suggested that I should bring you with me so that we could make a party.

5. I propose that we should sit and watch TV.

6. I suggest you go back to your room and have a complete rest.

7. Nick suggested that they should show the town to her.

8. I think it an admirable suggestion that he should be asked to join us.

9. My recommendation is that we should discuss in detail various plans.

10. Her request is that I should look after her son for a month or so.

11. My mother insists that I should consult a doctor because of my headache.

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Ex. 10. Point out the Suppositional Mood in the sentences below and translate them into Russian. State the type of the clause.

  1. Several people have suggested that she should go on the stage, but of course I couldn't consent to that.

  2. I proposed that we should all go and eat ices in the park.

  3. I suggested she should come and have some lunch with me, but she seemed to have something on her mind.

  4. Michael suggested that she should go to Vienna to be near Roger.

  5. My suspicion was that he should not know how to do it.

  6. He willingly accepted his father’s suggestion that he should go on a long journey.

  7. His idea was that the theatre should serve as a means of education for the mass public.

  8. The publisher sent me a letter with the request that I should write a review of the book.

  9. My wish was that he should be altogether honest.

  10. It was agreed that I should write to Palmer simply suggesting that I should come to see him at six o'clock on the following Thursday.

  11. It was Louisa who insisted that he should be sent to St. Paul's.

  12. As a matter of fact I came to suggest that you should come and pay me a little visit.

  13. He at last came to the decision what should be done about the manuscript.

Ex. 11. A. Use the Suppositional Mood instead of the Infinitive in brackets (in object clauses).

  1. ... when the Insurance people paid up, which they did quite quickly, Henry insisted that I (to take) it back.

  2. She saw why Rowey had insisted that she (to go) to that luncheon party.

  3. Anyhow when he did call - and he insisted to himself that it (to be) extremely soon - he would try another plan with her; he would carefully decide beforehand just what to say and how to say it.

  4. She was determined that no silence (to fall) between them that might be hard to break.

  5. He insisted that Bolla (to take) him down to Naples.

  6. He suggested that such talents (not to be wasted).

  7. She had been almost girlishly excited when he insisted that she the first (to write) Chartie a letter.

B. Supply the necessary form of verbs given in brackets in the following appositive and predicative clauses:

1). He had to satisfy the editor’s requirements that a short story (not to exceed) one hundred lines. 2). She accepted Dick’s suggestion that she (to dismiss) her taxi and ride back with him. 3). His only request was that he (to allow) to visit his son. 4). He handed me over to his secretary with the instruction that I (to give) a room for the night. 5). The trouble was that he (to move) out of the house. 6). The idea they arrived at was that they (to get) themselves introduced to the pretty girl. 7). Bill rejected the proposal that he (to buy) an estate with the money.

slow, as though performed by another person. 3. She kept inclining her head as if listening for something. 4. He cast a swift glance over his shoulder as though debating the practicability of a drive into the traffic. 5. "I thought you would do it," said Mrs. March, smiling, as if satisfied.

Ex.3 Paraphrase the following sentences so as to use clauses comparison:

1. Judging by his behaviour one might think he has visited this country before. 2. From what he says one might think that he has never heard about it. 3. From the way he acts one may conclude he is boss here. 4. He doesn't know a thing about the new project. He only tries to make the impression he does. 5. I am not a child. Don't treat me like a child.

Ex.4 Develop the following sentences into situations, like in the model:

Model: Her lips were moving as if she were speaking.- Her lips were moving as if she were speaking to him but no sound came from them.

1. We had been talking quite lightly, almost as if we were having a casual conversation about people we both knew. 2. Don't look at me as if I were a ghost. 3. He spoke for some ten minutes, as if he were delivering a lecture. 4. It happened nearly a year ago, and it was as fresh in his mind as if it had been yesterday. 5. She walked through the streets as if nothing at all had happened. 6. You just sit around here as if nothing had happened. 7. Jane hesitated a little as though she were honestly searching for a satisfactory explanation. 8. He came up to my table as if we had not had that quarrel.

Ex.5 Respond to the statements using Subjunctive II in adverbial clauses of comparison:

Model: We thought you'd never come.

- You behave as if you did not believe me. I never break up my promise.

1. I thought I'd find you here. 2.I don't know what you are talking about. 3. They have been worried about you lately. 4. Have you tried to get in touch with him? 5. It's raining, we'll get soaked. 6. Did you hear all that we were saying? 7. Come along, quickly! 8. You said only a moment ago that he was extremely well off. 9. I couldn't stop laughing. 10.I must rush for my bus. 11.I am so happy. 12.Why should she change the conversation?

Ex.6 Say in what way an Englishman would express it:

1. Девочка посмотрела на меня, словно я её обидел. 2. Он ведёт себя так, будто он у себя дома. 3. Она посмотрела на меня так, словно увидела меня впервые. 4.Она ведёт себя так, будто ничего не случилось. 5.Он оглянулся, как будто хотел что-то сказать на прощание. 6. Он был так доволен, будто он сам написал стихотворение. 7. Он улыбнулся мне, как будто все простил и забыл. 8.Я помню все, как будто это случилось вчера. 9.Он обращается с ней так, словно она ребенок. 1О.Она ведет себя так, словно она красавица.

Ex.7 Say why you dislike him:

Model: He is not an expert on everything.

- He behaves (talks, acts, speaks) as if he were an expert on everything.

1. Alex does not own the place. 2. Celia is not the brightest student in the group. 3. David does not have the right to teach me on morals. 4. Eric doesn't have friends everywhere.

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