Travelling

Country

Capital

Adjective/

Nationality

Country

Capital

Adjective/

Nationality

Afghanistan

Kabul

Afghan

Lithuania

Vilnius

Lithuanian

Albania

Tirana

Albanian

Luxembourg

Luxembourg

/Luxembourger

Algeria

Algiers

Algerian

Macedonia

Skopje

Macedonian

Andorra

Andorra la Vella

Andorran

Madagascar

Antananarivo

Malagasay or Madagascan

Angola

Luanda

Angolan

Malawi

Lilongwe

Malawian

Argentina

Buenos Aires

Argentinian

Malaysia

Kuala Lumpur, Putrajaya

Malaysian

Armenia

Yerevan

Armenian

Maldives, the

Malé

Maldivian

Australia

Canberra

Australian

Mali

Bamako

Malian

Austria

Vienna

Austrian

Malta

Valletto

Maltese

Azerbaijan

Baku

Azerbaijani

Mauritania

Nouakchott

Mauritanian

Bahamas

Nassau

Bahamian

Mauritius

Port Louis

Mauritian

Bahrain

Manama

Bahraini

Mexico

Mexico city

Mexican

Bangladesh

Dhaka

Bangladeshi

Moldova

Kishinev

Moldovan

Barbados

Bridgetown

Barbadian

Monaco

Monaco

Monégasque or Monacan

Belarus

Minsk

Belorussian or Byelorussian

Mongolia

Ulan Bator

Mongolian

Belgium

Brussels

Belgian

Montenegro

Podgorica

Montenegrin

Belize

Belmopan

Belizian

Morocco

Rabat

Moroccan

Benin

Porto-Novo

Beninese

Mozambique

Maputo

Mozambican

Bhutan

Thiumphu

Bhutanese

Myanmar see Burma

–

Bolivia

Sucre, La Paz

Bolivian

Namibia

Windhoek

Namibian

Bosnia-Herzegovina

Sarajevo

Bosnian

Nepal

Kathmandu

Nepalese

Botswana

Gaborone

Botswanan/Tswana

Netherlands, the (see Holland)

Amsterdam

Dutch/Dutchman, Dutchwoman, or Netherlander

Brazil

Brasilia

Brazilian

New Zealand

Wellington

New Zealand (used attributively only, as in New Zealand butter but not He is New Zealand)/New Zealander

Britain

London

British/Briton

Nicaragua

Managua

Nicaraguan

Brunei

Bandar Seri Begawan

Bruneian

Niger

Niamey

Nigerien

Bulgaria

Sofia

Bulgarian

Nigeria

Abuja

Nigerian

Burkina

Ouagadougou

Burkinese

North Korea

Pyongyang

North Korean

Burma (official name Myanmar)

Naypyidaw

Burmese

Norway

Oslo

Norwegian

Burundi

Bujumbura

Burundian

Oman

Muscat

Omani

Cambodia

Phnom Penh

Cambodian

Pakistan

Islamabad

Pakistani

Cameroon

Yaoundè

Cameroonian

Panama

Panama City

Panamanian

Canada

Ottawa

Canadian

Papua New Guinea

Port Moresby

Papua New Guinean or Guinean

Cape Verde Islands

Praia

Cape Verdean

Paraguay

Asunción

Paraguayan

Chad

N'Djamena

Chadian

Peru

Lima

Peruvian

Chile

Santiago

Chilean

the Philippines

Manila

Philippine

China

Beijing

Chinese

Poland

Warsaw

Polish/Pole

Colombia

Bogotá, D.C.

Colombian

Portugal

Lisbon

Portuguese

Congo

Kinshasa

Congolese

Qatar

Doha

Qatari

Costa Rica

San José

Costa Rican

Romania

Bucharest

Romanian

Croatia

Zagreb

Croat or Croatian

Russia

Moscow

Russian

Cuba

Havana

Cuban

Rwanda

Kigali

Rwandan

Cyprus

Nicosia

Cypriot

Saudi Arabia

Riyadh

Saudi Arabian or Saudi

Czech Republic

Prague

Czech

Scotland

Edinburgh

Scottish/Scot

Denmark

Copenhagen

Danish/Dane

Senegal

Dakar

Senegalese

Djibouti

Djibouti

Djiboutian

Serbia

Belgrade

Serb or Serbian

Dominica or Dominican Republic

Roseau

Dominican

Seychelles, the

Victoria

Seychellois

Ecuador

Quito

Ecuadorean

Sierra Leone

Freetown

Sierra Leonian

Egypt

Cairo

Egyptian

Singapore

Singapore

Singaporean

El Salvador

San Salvador

Salvadorean

Slovakia

Bratislava

Slovak

England

London

English/Englishman, Englishwoman

Slovenia

Ljubljana

Slovene or Slovenian

Eritrea

Asmara

Eritrean

Solomon Islands

Hoinara

–

Estonia

Tallinn

Estonian

Somalia

Mogadishu

Somali

Ethiopia

Addis Ababa

Ethiopian

South Africa

Capetown

South African

Fiji

Suva

Fijian

South Korea

Seoul

South Korean

Finland

Helsinki

Finnish/Finn

Spain

Madrid

Spanish/Spaniard

France

Paris

French/Frenchman, Frenchwoman

Sri Lanka

Sri Jayawardenapura Kotte

Sri Lankan

Gabon

Libreville

Gabonese

Sudan

Khartoum

Sudanese

Gambia, the

Banjul

Gambian

Suriname

Paramaribo

Surinamese/Surinamer or Surinamese

Georgia

Tbilisi

Georgian

Swaziland

Lobamba, Mbabane

Swazi

Germany

Berlin

German

Sweden

Stockholm

Swedish

Ghana

Accra

Ghanaian

Switzerland

Bern

Swiss

Greece

Athens

Greek

Syria

Damascus

Syrian

Grenada

St. George’s

Grenadian

Taiwan

Taipei City

Taiwanese

Guatemala

Guatemala City

Guatemalan

Tajikistan

Dushanbe

Tajik or Tadjik

Guinea

Conakry

Guinean

Tanzania

Dodoma

Tanzanian

Guyana

Georgetown

Guyanese

Thailand

Bangkok

Thai

Haiti

Port-au-Prince

Haitian

Togo

Lomé

Togolese

Holland (also Netherlands)

Amsterdam

Dutch/Dutchman, Dutchwoman

Trinidad and Tobago

Port of Spain

Trinidadian Tobagan/Tobagonian

Hungary

Budapest

Hungarian

Tunisia

Tunis

Tunisian

Iceland

Reykjavík

Icelandic/Icelander

Turkey

Ankara

Turkish

India

Delhi

Indian

Turkmenistan

Ashgabat

Turkmen or Turkoman

Indonesia

Jakarta

Indonesian

Tuvali

Fongafale

Tuvaluan

Iran

Tehran

Iranian

Uganda

Kampala

Ugandan

Iraq

Baghdad

Iraqi

Ukraine

Kiev

Ukrainian

Ireland, Republic of

Dublin

Irish/Irishman, Irishwoman

United Arab Emirates (UAE)

Abu Dhabi

UAE or Emirates (used attributively only, as in UAE buildings, Emirates holidays but not He is UAE, I am Emirates) or Emirati/Emirati

Northern Ireland

Belfast

Irish/Irishman, Irishwoman

Israel

Jerusalem

Israeli

United Kingdom (UK)

London

UK (used attributively only, as in UK time but not He is UK) or British/Briton

Italy

Rome

Italian

United States of America (USA)

Washington

US (used attributively only, as in US aggression but not He is US)/US citizen

Jamaica

Kingston

Jamaican

Uruguay

Montevideo

Uruguayan

Japan

Tokyo

Japanese

Uzbekistan

Tashkent

Uzbek

Jordan

Amman

Jordanian

Vanuata

Port Vila

Vanuatuan

Kazakhstan

Astana

Kazakh

Vatican City

Vatican City

-

Kenya

Nairobi

Kenyan

Venezuela

Caracos

Venezuelan

Korea see North Korea, South Korea

Vietnam

Hanoi

Vietnamese

Kuwait

Kuwait City

Kuwaiti

Wales

Cardiff

Welsh/Welshman, Welshwoman

Laos

Vientiane

Laotian

Western Samoa

Apia

Western Samoan

Latvia

Riga

Latvian

Yemen

Sana'a

Yemeni

Lebanon

Beirut

Lebanese

Yugoslavia

Belgrade

Yugoslav

Liberia

Monrovia

Liberian

Zaire

Kinshasa

Zaïrean

Libya

Tripoli

Libyan

Zambia

Lusaka

Zambian

Liechtenstein

Vaduz

/Liechtensteiner

Zimbabwe

Harare

Zimbabwean

Continents

Africa, Antarctica, Australia, Eurasia (Europe & Asia), North America, South America

Oceans

the Atlantic, the Arctic, the Indian, the Pacific

Seas

the Baltic Sea, the Black Sea, the Caspian Sea, the Mediterranean Sea

Lakes

the Baikal (=Lake Baikal), the Loch Ness (=Lake Loch Ness), the Michigan (=Lake Michigan)

Rivers

the Amazon, the Mississippi, the Nile, the Rhine, the Thames, the Volga

Canals & channels

the Panama Canal, the Suez Canal; the (English) Channel; the Gulf of Mexico

Mountains

the Andes, the Alps, the Caucasus, the Cordilleras, the Himalayas, the Urals;

Elbrus, Everest, Mont Blanc, Kilimanjaro

Islands

the Bahamas, the Bermudas, the British Isles, the Canaries (-the Canary Islands), the Hawaiian Islands (=the Hawaii); Corsica, Cyprus, Haiti, Iceland, Madagascar, Sicily

Geographical areas

the Arctic, the Antarctic, the Balkans, the Crimea, the Equator, the Far East, the Middle East (=the Near East), the North Pole, the South Pole