- •Н.Ф. Соломчак, li. Озарко, н. В. Мойссснко english for oil and gas engineers
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read and translate Text 1:
- •Make a written translation of Text 2.
- •Read Text 3:
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Make a written translation off the following:
- •Make a plan to Text 4 and retell it.
- •16 Read Text 5:
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read Text I.
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Make a written translation of the following:
- •Supply a heading for Text 1.
- •Make a plan to Text 1 and retell it.
- •Answer the questions:
- •4 Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false according to the text. Correct the false statements to make them true:
- •5 Make a written translation of the following:
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read and translate Text 1:
- •Supply a heading for Text 1.
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •6 Speak about general types of bits. Unit 6 Rroller Bits
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read and translate Text 1: Text 1
- •Unit 7 Diamond - Set Bits
- •Text 1 Diamond-Set Bits
- •Make a written translation of Text 2.
- •Describe hard-material bits of ithe cutting-abrasive action ty pe using Figure 7.4.
- •1 Answer the questions:
- •2 Give English equivalents of the follo wing:
- •3 Give Ukrainian equivalents of th e following:
- •4 Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false according to the text. Correct the false statements to make them true:
- •5 Make a written translation of the following:
- •Part 3 mud technology Unit 8 Purpose and Classification of Drilling Fluids
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read and translate Text 1: Text 1
- •Supply a heading for Text 2.
- •Speak about four types of the drilling fluids.
- •Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressions from Text 1 and Text 2.
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read Text 1:
- •Make a written translation of the following:
- •Make a plan to Text 2 and retell it.
- •Read Text 3:
- •Write a summary of the Te xt 3.
- •Read Text 4 without a dictionary and retell it in Ukrainian:
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Unit 10 Chemical Agents for the Treatment of Water-Base Drilling Fluids
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read Text 1: Text 1
- •Find in Text 1 five sentences with Passive Voice forms of the verb and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Give English equ ivalents of the following:
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read Text 1:
- •Find in Text 1 five sentences with Passive Voice forms of the verb and translate the sentences into Ukrainian.
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressions from Text 1.
- •Find in Text 1 sentences with Modal Verbs and translate them into Ukrainian.
- •Give English equi valents of the following words and use them in the sentences of your own:
- •2 Giive English equivalents of ithe following:
- •3 Match the terms with their definitions:
- •2 Give English equivalents of the following:
- •3 Match the terms with their definitions:
- •4 Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false according to the text. Correct the false statements to make them true:
- •5 Make a written tra nslation of itho following:
- •Influence of Drilling Fluid on the Collecting Properties
- •Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
- •Read and translate Text 1:
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressions from Text 1.
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Translate the following sentences into English using the words and expressions from Text 1.
- •Unit 26 Choosing a Metltiod for Opening-up a Reservoir-Bed and an Arrangement of the Area in and around the Hole Face in Producing Wells
- •Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Make a written translation of the following:
- •2 Give English equivalents of the following:
- •Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false according to the text. Correct the false statements to make them (rue:
- •Make a written translation of ithe following:
- •5 Translate the following paragraph into English:
- •Part 1
- •Supplement Text 1 Mud Fluids
- •Text 3 Mud System
- •1 Read Text 2:
- •1 Learn the meaning of the following words, word-combinations and word groups:
Make a written translation of Text 2.
Describe hard-material bits of ithe cutting-abrasive action ty pe using Figure 7.4.
CONTROL TASKS
1 Answer the questions:
What is the drill bit intended for?
How are boring bits classified as regards the principle underlying the breaking up of the rock?
How are boring bits subdivided as regards their purpose?
What are the most widely used bits?
What are the shapes of roller cutters?
What are the patterns of roller cutters arrangement in the bit?
What do diamond-set bits secure?
What do diamond-set bits consist of?
What do hard alloy bits consist of?
What is the difference between diamond-set bits and hard alloy bits?
бурове
долото
роторне
буріння
ріжуче-абразивний
алмазне
долото
колона
обсадних труб
радіальний
шарошкове
долото
спіральний
промивати
струменем рідини
швидкість
потоку2 Give English equivalents of the follo wing:
3 Give Ukrainian equivalents of th e following:
bit of the cutting-abrasive type of action
bit for core drilling
three-roller bit
rotate clockwise
crushing-chipping action
occur at a considerable depth
variously shaped surface of
the, contact sectors
shaped diamond-carrying
head
bort crystal
ensure a continual gap
4 Tell whether each of the following statements is true or false according to the text. Correct the false statements to make them true:
There exist two types of bits each one of which is designed for disintegration of rocks possessing definite mechanical and abrasive properties.
When the bit rotates counter-clockwise the cutters roll over the bottom hole clockwise and accomplish a complicated rotary motion.
Diamond-set bits secure an effective disintegration of nonabrasive and little abrasive rock of medium and great hardness, especially when these occur at a considerable depth.
When excessively exposed, the diamonds crack and break, while with an insignificant exposure the needed penetration of the diamonds into the rock will, be lacking and the drilling will prove ineffective.
5 The contact surfaces of radially running wings are chamfered at 35° in the direction of bit rotation and reinforced with hard alloy teeth.
5 Make a written translation of the following:
By employing diverse materials for the fabrication of the matrix that comes from sintering the mix, the required exposure of diamonds during operation of the bit in the bottom hole is achieved.
When excessively exposed, the diamonds crack and break, while with an insignificant exposure the needed penetration of the diamonds into the rock will be lacking and the drilling will prove ineffective.
In drilling hard and tough rocks, the wear of the matrix is more intensive and therefore it should be made more wear-resistant, for this will preclude the excessive exposure of the diamonds. In rocks of medium hardness the material of the matrix is less susceptible to wear and, therefore, it should be made less wear-resistant.
By adjusting the extent of diamond exposure one can also ensure a continual gap between the matrix and the rock during operation of the bit in the bottom hole.
As a result of this, on leaving the flushing holes of the bit, the drilling fluid can pass all over and along the gap, entrain the minutest particles of the drilled out rock, discharge them into the radial or radial-helical channels running between the contact sectors and then farther on into the annular space.