Lesson 2 safe operation on ships

The International Convention for the Safety of Life at Sea (SOLAS) is concerned with safety and health on ships. The Regulations include all aspects such as safe conditions of workplaces, keeping ladders and companionways clear of obstructions, provision and maintenance of non-slip walking surfaces, adequate lighting heating and ventilation, appropriate instructions.

The master of the ship shall be supplied with data necessary to maintain sufficient intact stability under service conditions to enable the ship to withstand the critical damage.

There shall be permanently exhibited, for the officer in charge of the ship, plan showing clearly for each deck and hold the boundaries of the watertight compartments, the openings therein with the means of closure and position of any controls thereof, and the arrangements for the correction of any list due to a casualty whether the ship is upright or listed.

In no case shall any subdivision load line mark be placed above the deepest load line in salt water as determined by the strength of the ship and/or the International Convention respecting load lines in force.

Ship shall be provided with an efficient bilge pumping plant and draining any watertight compartment, which is neither a permanent oil compartment nor a permanent water compartment.

The main steering gear shall be of adequate strength and sufficient to steer the ship at maximum service speed. The main steering gear and rudder stock shall be so designed that they are not damage at maximum astern speed.

Note:

ladder	-трал
companionway	сходный трап
obstruction	препятствие
maintenance	содержание
appropriate	соответствующий
intact stability	устойчивость
damage	повреждение
boundary	край
watertight	герметичный
compartment	водонепроницаемый отсек
closure	закупорка
casualty	авария
upright	прямое/вертикальное положение
side scuttle	иллюминатор
sill	нижняя кромка
margin line	-предельная линия
bilge pumping plant	-трюмная помпа
gear	-механизм, оснастка
astern	-задний (ход), за кормой
consent	-согласие
drain	-дренаж
to withstand	-противостоять
to steer	-править рулем
steering gear	-рулевое устройство

Exercise I. Answer the questions:

1. What is the International Convention for the safety of life at sea concerned with?

2. Where and when was the convention adopted?

3. What do the Regulations include?

4. What is necessary to enable the ship to withstand the critical damage?

5. What shall the master of the ship be supplied with?

6. Is it important to have a plan of the ship?

7. What construction must the side scuttles have?

8. Is it possible to open the side scuttle without the consent of the Master of the ship?

9. What shall the ship be provided with?

10. What strength and design shall the main steering gear have?

Exercise II. Find the English equivalents in the text:

Безопасность на судах; безопасность рабочего места; не загораживать трапы; соответствующее освещение; сохранять устойчивость судна; противостоять повреждениям; герметичный отсек; авария; иллюминаторы; предельная линия; без согласия капитана; снабжены соответствующей трюмной помпой; способна дренировать водонепроницаемый отсек; руль; баллер руля; задний ход.

Exercise III. Translate into English:

1. Необходимо держать сходной трап свободным от заграждений.

2. Капитан судна должен быть снабжен необходимыми инструкциями.

3. Освещение., отопление и вентиляция помещений на судне должны со ответствовать стандартам.

4. Иллюминаторы, нижние кромки которых находятся ниже придельной линии, не должны открываться без разрешения капитана

5. Главное рулевое устройство сконструировано таким образом, чтобы управлять судном на максимальной скорости.

Exercise IV. Retell the text in several sentences.