Етап III. Заперечні речення відносно володіння об'єктом, існування, місця або часу перебування, номінації та характеристики предмета / особи / явища / події

Вправа 1. Проаналізуйте подані нижче англійські речення i визначте можливі способи вираження заперечення відносно володіння об'єктом в залежності від числа (однина, множина) та особи (I,II,III) підмета.

А: у теперішньому часі;

Б: у минулому часі;

В: у майбутньому часі.

Запишіть свої відповіді у зошит.

А:

1. I don't¹ have a sister. (I haven't got² a sister.)

2. You don't have these books. (You haven't got these books.)

3. He doesn'tError: Reference source not found have much money. (He hasn't gotError: Reference source not found much money.)

4. We don't have any money. (We haven't got any money. / We have no money.)

5. They don't have a computer. (They haven't got a computer.)

6. I don't have supper.

7. She doesn't have classes on Saturday.

Коли "have + іменник" означає діяльність (а не володіння), заперечна форма утворюється тільки за допомогою do (does).

Б:

1. I didn't³ have this book then.

2. You didn't have any homework yesterday. (You had no homework yesterday.)

3. He didn't have any information about her. (He had no information about her.)

4. We didn't have enough time to prepare.

5. They didn't have any newspapers at home. (They had no newspapers at home.)

B:

1. I won't⁴ have any exams next month. (I'll have no exams next month.)

2. You won't have any time for that. (You'll have no time for that.)

3. Не won't have this information tomorrow.

4. We won't have any news until tomorrow morning. (We'll have no news until tomorrow morning.)

5. They won't have such problems any more.

6. I'm not going to have many guests.

7. My friend isn't going to have a birthday party.

8. We aren't going to have a walk in the evening.

Вправа 2*. Випишіть номери речень з вправи 1, в яких заперечення можна утворювати за допомогою займенника no. Що є спільного у них?

Заперечення за допомогою займенника no утворюється звичайно у випадках, коли іменник, який виражає об'єкт володіння, має перед собою займенник some у стверджувальному реченні: I have got some information for you. - I haven't got any information for you. = I have no information for you. He had some friends at school. - He didn't have any friends at school.= He had no friends at school.

Вправа 3. Проаналізуйте подані нижче англійські речення i визначте можливі способи вираження заперечення відносно існування (наявності) предмета / особи / явища / події в залежності від числа (однина, множина) підмета:

А: у теперішньому часі;

Б: у минулому часі;

В: у майбутньому часі.

Запишіть свої відповіді у зошит.

A:

1. There isn't¹ a lift in their house.

2. There isn't any butter in the fridge. (There's no butter in the fridge.)

3. There isn't much water in the glass.

4. There aren'tError: Reference source not found any books on the table. (There are no books on the table.)

5. There aren't many people in the room.

Б:

1. There wasn't¹ any information about them. (There was no information about them.)

2. There wasn't much sense in his words.

3. There wasn't a bathroom in the house.

4. There weren'tError: Reference source not found any trees on the street. (There were no trees on the street.)

5. There weren't many mistakes in his dictation.

B:

1. There won't be² a football match on Sunday.

2. There won't be any news from them until next month. (There'll be no news from them until next month.)

3. There won't be much trouble in it.

4. There won't be three bedrooms in this cottage, but only two.

5. There won't be any people there. (There'll be no people there.)

Вправа 4*. Випишіть номери речень з вправи 3, в яких заперечення можна виразити за допомогою заперечного займенника no. Що є спільного у них?

Заперечення за допомогою займенника no утворюється звичайно у випадках, коли іменник, який виражає те, про існування чого йде мова, вживається з займенником some у стверджувальному реченні: There is some water in the bottle. - There isn't any water in the bottle. = There is no water in the bottle. There are some books on the shelf. - There aren't any books on the shelf. = There are no books on the shelf.

Вправа 5. Проаналізуйте подані нижче англійські речення i визначте можливі способи вираження заперечення відносно місця або часу перебування, номінації, характеристики предмета / особи / явища / події в залежності від числа та особи підмета:

А: у теперішньому часі;

Б: у минулому часі;

В: у майбутньому часі.

Запишіть свої відповіді у зошит.

А:

1. I am not married. = I'm not married.

2. You are not right. = You aren't right.

3. It is not a bank. = It isn't a bank.

4. We are not in the bank, we are in the Institute now. = We aren't in the bank, we are in the Institute now.

5. They are not students, they are officers. = They aren't students, they're officers.

Б:

1. I was not a student then. = I wasn't a student then.

2. You were not at home. = You weren't at home.

3. He was not right. = He wasn't right.

4. We were not pleased to see him. = We weren't pleased to see him.

5. They were not happy. = They weren't happy.

В:

1. I will not be sorry about it. = I won't be sorry about it.

2. You will not be disappointed. = You won't be disappointed.

3. It will not be Saturday, it will be Sunday. = It won't be Saturday, it will be Sunday.

4. We will not be here tomorrow. = We won't be here tomorrow.

5. They will not be happy together. = They won't be happy together.

6. I am not going to be late. = I'm not going to be late.

7. She is not going to be here on Sunday. = She isn't going to be here on Sunday.

8. They are not going to be teachers. = They aren't going to be teachers.

Вправа 6. Перевірте свої відповіді за таблицею 3 (с.35).