5.3.10. Explain the difference in length between the stressed vowels in the following words in the text (boxes 1 and 2):

1 2

few — views — use (a noun) live — city

few — prudent — beautiful big — history

see — Chinese — East good — put

see —■believe — people evolved — offer

year — early — Earth problems — proper

though — over — growth magnet — natural

though — goals — both become — seductive

deny — arise — like present — pressure

deny — style — like

more — all — waterway

— Why is it that box 2 includes only two members in each case of confrontation, whereas box 1 includes three?

—— 5.4. Words and Word-Combinations ———

5.4.1. Explain the meanings of the words below in which they occur in the text (use the Explanatory Dictionary for this purpose):

pressure mainland

arise symbol

success corner

potent evolve

vision jieny

seductive triumph

magnet ancient

colony dominate

square origin

density ideology

view irreconcilable

waterway expansion

proper goal

mankind material

prudent qualify

resource exploit progress

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5.4.2. Explain the meanings of the following elements of the text (use Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English and Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary for this purpose):

1) how man is stepping up the pressure on the natural world;

2) A potent vision of...;

3) ... has been terribly seductive all over the world;

4) ... has been a magnet;

5) ... the highest density in the world;

6) ... a pretty good symbol of...;

7) ...the proper goals of mankind;

8) .. .though some in the West are finding it prudent to qualify this nowadays;

9) ...that big is beautiful, that progress is the same thing as growth.'

5.4.3. Comment on the following elements of the text (use Longman Dictionary of English Language and Culture, the Encyclopaedia Britannica, "Великобритания: страноведческий словарь" for this purpose):

1) ...of what Western style of industrialization can offer;

2) .. .since it was founded as a colony by the British in the early 19-th century;

3) ...an economic system evolved in the West;

4) Hong Kong is to become part of a country, whose ancient culture is now dominated by communism — another system with its origins in the West;

5) Both believe in unlimited industrial expansion...

5.4.4. Test yourself:

— Read the following and guess what English word is explained in this way (the explanations come from 'Longman Dictionary of Contemporary English' and 'the Oxford Advanced Learner's Dictionary of Current English').

— Write the words and transcribe them.

1) conditions of difficulty, trouble or strain; force, compulsion, strong influence;

2) to result from, to be caused or started by a situation or an event;

3) interesting or attractive to you, in a way that persuades you to do something you would not usually do; tending to lead into wrongdoing;

4) a person, thing or place that attracts many other people or things;

5) to develop or to make something develop by gradually changing; to become developed gradually;

6) to say that something is not true;

7) (about opinions, positions, etc.) being so strongly opposed to each other that it is not possible for them to reach an agreement;

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8) an object of effort or ambition; something that you hope to achieve in the future;

9) sensible and careful, especially by trying to avoid unnecessary risks; 10) to modify, to limit, to make weaker or less absolute; to add to

something that has already been said, in order to limit its effect or meaning.