2. Red Brick Universities

Red Brick Universities - named after the buildings they were housed in which were usually built with red brick - were founded in the industrial parts of the cities during the Victorian era (1837-1901) and before the Second World War. They are sometimes also called "civic universities", a movement that started in 1851 with Owens College, which later became the Victoria University of Manchester and today is called University of Manchester.

The main difference between Red Brick and ancient universities is that Red Bricks were so called non-collegiate institutions and admitted men without regarding their religion or social background. Furthermore they concentrated on teaching predominantly "practical subjects" often linked to engineering.

3. New Universities

Two types of universities are subsumed under the term "New Universities". First of all the academic institutions founded in the 1960s after the Robins Report. Besides recommending immediate expansion of universities, the Report also suggested elevating Colleges of Advanced Technology to university status.

Due to their modern architecture and the predominant use of large stretches of plate glass in steel or concrete frames, the institutions founded in the 1960s are often called "Plate Glass Universities". Some Plate glass universities such as York and Warwick have by now out-performed some Red Brick universities, especially on the field of research, which has improved their reputation considerably.

The second group are the so called Post-1992 Universities. The term refers to former polytechnics that were given university status by John Major's government in 1992. They have the poorest reputation among British universities, and many of them regularly appear in bottom Tenth of league tables.

4. Open University

Further education in Britain is for people over 16 taking courses at various levels up to the standard required for entry to higher education. The Open University offers degrees for people who do not have a formal education and qualifications, or who are older. Students study at home and then post them off to a tutor. Most courses take six years and students get a number of credits for each year’s work. The Open University was founded in 1969 and started its first course in 1971. About 120, 000 people have enrolled since then.

Ex.1 In each group one word is the odd one out. Which is it? What is the difference in meaning between the other words. Check in the dictionary for any words you don't know.

1. degree, diploma, doctorate, certificate, licence

2. polytechnic, redbrick university, college of further education, Oxbridge, law school

3. grant, loan, price, scholarship, fees,

4. class, conference, seminar, lecture, study group

5. evening course, part-time course, distance learning course, degree course, main course

Translation

Translate from English into Russian

Credit Hours

At the undergraduate level you are required 4 years of study and minimum number of credit hours, which usually varies from 120 to 130. Credit hours are the number of hours of instruction that are scheduled per week. Accumulation of minimum number of credit hours is a graduation requirement. On successful completion of a course, a student’s performance is judged with both the course grade and a set number of credit hours.

Most colleges and universities follow either a quarter-based calendar system or a semester-based calendar system. In a quarter systems, the academic year is divided into three sessions called quarters. Each quarter lasts about 12 weeks. There is usually an additional quarter in the summer, where registration is optional. Foreign students are not required to attend courses in the summer to maintain their status.

In the semester system, academic year is divided into two semesters – the fall and the spring. Students usually take up 16 credits each semester i.e. 32 each year. On an average, each course has 3 credits or more depending upon the number of hours per week. Again, there may be an optional session during the summer. Number of credit hours is also decisive factor for determining your status as the full-time or part-time student. Foreign students must maintain a full-time course load in order to maintain their visa status.

At the graduate or the master’s degree level, the minimum number of credit hours required is 30. This includes credit hours of full-time study within a year or 2 years. A student can get his or her master's degree by taking 8 courses of subjects with 3 credits each and a thesis of 6 hours credit or 10 courses of subjects with 3 credits each without the thesis.

Education

Choose the correct variant:

1. New students must ....... for classes before term begins.

enrol / enter / join/ teach

2. Quentin must go to France for the next ....... of his training.

point / stage / stand / step

3. I'm going to ....... all I can about the subject because I need this information.

discover / find out /know/ realize

4. This course ....... no previous knowledge of the subject.

assembles /assigns /assumes / assures

5. Sean asked his teacher's ....... about going to university.

advice / experience/ information/ knowledge

6. What are you going to do when you ....... school?

complete / conclude / end / leave

7. Have you ....... for any evening classes next term?

engaged / enrolled / inscribed / signed

8. Viola took her ....... at Cambridge University.

degree / grade /qualification / standard

9. In some countries, students are selected ....... to their current level of academic attainment.

according / due / owing / relating

10. Your progress will be ....... in three months' time.

counted / enumerated / evaluated / priced

11. Vivian is studying to become a member of the medical ....... .

Employment/ position / post / profession

12. Our group ....... of twelve students.

composes / comprises / consists / contains

13. Some schools have very ....... rules of behavior which must be obeyed.

solid /straight / strict/ strong

14. It was very difficult for the examiner to ....... what recommendations he should make.

decide / realize / settle / solve

15. The classes were closed because of ....... of interest.

absence / emptiness / lack / missing

16. This school has the highest ....... standards in our town.

academic / intelligence / learning /study

17. We need ....... information before we can decide which courses to choose.

farther / further / near / nearer

18. Someone from the Ministry of Education is coming to ....... our classes.

control /inspect / look on / overlook

19. Before joining a course of study you must fill in a long ....... form.

enrolment / induction / inscription / personal

20. Please ....... clearly which courses you want to take.

ask / indicate / instruct / learn

21. The Examination Board have recently changed the ....... for the Diploma in History.

brochure / compendium / program/ syllabus 1) программа (курса, лекций и т. д.)/

22. The Headmaster is preparing the ....... for next term.

brochure / catalogue / pamphlet / timetable

23. During their first teacher-training year, the students often visit local schools to ....... lessons.

examine / inspect / investigate / observe

24. Mr Wellbred went to a school which ....... good manners and self-discipline.

blossomed /cultivated / harvested / planted

25. The tutorial system at Oxford and Cambridge is the ....... of many universities.

envy / jealousy /regret / sorrow

26. Miss Undecided was not sure which profession to enter, but finally ....... for medicine.

accepted / chose / opted / selected

27. If you want to attend a course, you should study the college ....... for full particulars of enrolment.

program / prospects / prospectus / syllabus

28. Are you going to attend Prof. Wise's ....... on Medieval History next week?

conference / discussion / lecture / meeting

29. The lecture was so ....... that almost everyone fell asleep.

bored / dull / exhausted / tired

30. According to my ....... , the lecture starts at eleven tomorrow morning.

belief / information / knowledge / opinion

31. Prof. Rush was speaking so quickly I couldn't ....... what he said.

accept / catch / listen / take

32. Use your imagination and try to ....... the scene in your mind.

draw / model / paint / picture

33. Miss Not-Very-Bright said she could not ....... all the information given in the lecture.

absorb / accumulate / admire / listen

34. When you listen to a lecture, it is useful to ....... the important points.

clear / notify / put down / write on

35. I can agree with you to a certain ....... , Professor, but not entirely.

extent / level / part / way

36. The lecture was very ....... and I slept for most of it.

annoying / boring / noisy /sleepy

37. You ought to pay ....... to what the lecturer is saying, it's quite interesting.

attention / comment / importance / praise /

38. Dr Knowledgeable will be making a ....... this evening.

lecture / sermon / speech / talk

39. I absolutely ....... with everything that has been said.

accept / admit / agree / approve

40. You will never understand my arguments if you don't actually ....... to what I say!

appreciate / hear/ listen / understand

41. The students paid ....... attention to their distinguished professor.

respectable / respected / respectful / respective /

42. The lecture will begin at 10.00 ....... .

in time / on time / punctual / sharp

43. Would you please ....... from smoking while the lecture is in progress?

avoid / keep yourself / refrain / stop

44. A second-year student at a secondary school, college, or university.

Freshman/sophomore/ junior/senior

45. Housing facilities on the campus of a college or university for students.

Hostel/dormitory/hotel/canteen

46. Courses that students choose to take for earning credits toward their planned degree

Majors/minors/electives/classes

47. The professors, teachers and lecturers of a university/college.

Grades/officials/faculty/coaches

48. A third-year student at a secondary school, college, or university.

Freshman/sophomore/ Junior/Senior

49. Subject which the student takes as the second greatest concentration of courses.

Major/minor/elective/class

50. Institution dedicated to teaching the skills necessary for a particular trade or line of work like Secretarial works, Electronics and so on.

University/vocational college/gymnasium/school

51. Placement of students in a work environment in order to enable them to acquire professional experience.

Internship/job setting/graduate school/research